Unit 1
Useful Expressions
1. make predictions 做預(yù)測(cè)
2. free time 空閑時(shí)間
3. fly rockets to the moon…乘飛船飛往月球
4. on a space station 在太空站上
5. study at home on computers呆在家里通過(guò)電腦學(xué)習(xí)
6. live to be 200 years old 活到200歲
7. fall/be in love with sth./ sb. 愛(ài)上某物/某人
8. keep pets 養(yǎng)寵物
9. be able to 能夠
10. predict the future 預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)
11. come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)
12. see sb. do sth. 看見(jiàn)sb.做某事(的全過(guò)程)
doing sth. 看見(jiàn)sb.正在做某事(片斷)
13. help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事
14. hundreds of 數(shù)以百計(jì)的
15. try to do sth. 盡力做某事
16. look smart 看上去聰明
17. look for 尋找
18. twenty years from now 從現(xiàn)在算起20年
from now on = in the future 今后
19. do the same things as us我們做同樣的事情
20. live alone 一個(gè)人住
Key Points
1. Do you think …?
I think (that)….
I don\'t think (that)….
2. study at home on computer
辨析:on,in和with.
on:表示使用通訊工具、信息或傳媒,乘坐交通工具等;
in:使用語(yǔ)言文字等媒介;
with:借助具體的手段或工具。
Eg. I don\'t want to talk about it on the phone.
Can you speak it in English?
Don\'t write it with a red pen.
3. Will people use money in 100 years?
"in+時(shí)間"結(jié)構(gòu)常與一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用,對(duì)其進(jìn)行提問(wèn)時(shí)用特殊疑問(wèn)詞how soon.
4. before
ago 與過(guò)去時(shí)連用
5.It\'s+adj./n.+(for sb.)to do sth. 對(duì)某人而言做某事是…
Grammar Focus
1. The Simple Future tense
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的三種基本結(jié)構(gòu):
⑴ will +V. He will wear a uniform to school next Thursday.
⑵ be going to +V. He\'s going to wear a uniform to school next Thursday.
⑶ be + Ving He\'s wearing a uniform to school next Thursday.
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):in + 時(shí)間,in the future,next + 時(shí)間,
與tomorrow 相關(guān)的時(shí)間,this + 時(shí)間,from now on,one day…
2. 形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)用法
less pollution/ time更少的污染/ 時(shí)間
fewer people/apartments 更少的人/公寓
more pollution更多的污染
more tall buildings 更多的高樓
Unit 2
1. argue with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵
about/over sth. 為某事?tīng)?zhēng)吵
3. be out of style/danger 過(guò)時(shí)/脫離險(xiǎn)境
be in style/danger 時(shí)尚/處于危險(xiǎn)之中
4. call sb.up (代詞放中間)給某人打電話
5. keep out 不讓…進(jìn)入
6. , talk about it on the phone 通過(guò)電話談?wù)撍?
7. be surprised to … 對(duì)…感到吃驚
8. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那里借入某物
9. ask your parents for some money
10. need to do sth. (某人)需要做某事
doing sth. (某物)需要做某事
11. pay … for sth. 為某物付…(錢(qián))
12. the same + n. + as… 與…一樣的n.
13. get on well with sb. 與某人相處融洽
14. have a fight with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵
15. take part in 加入
16. don\'t have any money沒(méi)有錢(qián)
17. as much as possible 盡可能多的…
18. a ticket to a ball game 一張球賽的票
19. too much pressure 太多的壓力
20. have free time to relax有空閑時(shí)間放松
21. busy enough 足夠忙
enough money 足夠的錢(qián)
22. find it difficult/hard to think for themselves 發(fā)現(xiàn)為他們自己著想很難。
KP.
1. Sb. pay …for sth. 某人為某物花了…錢(qián)。
Sth. cost sb. … 某物花了某人…錢(qián)。
Sb. spend … on sth. 某人花了…(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))在某事上。
(in) doing sth. 某人花了…(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))做某事。
It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))做某事。
2. not … until 直到…才… (主句動(dòng)詞是短暫性動(dòng)詞)
3. leave sth.+地點(diǎn)介詞短語(yǔ) She left her keys at home an hour ago.
4.Everyone was invited except me除我之外每個(gè)人都被邀請(qǐng)了
5.I don\'t know what to do./ how to do it.
6. The tired children don\'t get home until 7:00 疲憊的孩子們直到七點(diǎn)鐘才到家
GF
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化;
2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能直接做謂語(yǔ),必須和一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形同時(shí)使用;
3. 大多數(shù)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)的變化;
4. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加上be,通常表示猜測(cè)的語(yǔ)氣。
Unit3
1. in front of ---- behide 在…的前面 ---- 在…的后面(范圍外)
in the front of ---- at the back of 在…的前部 ---- 在…的后部(范圍內(nèi))
2. take off 起飛 / land on降落
3. get out of the shower 剛洗完澡…
4. You are kidding. 胡說(shuō)八道
5. call the police/TV station 給警察/電視臺(tái)打電話
6. have an unusual experience 有一次不尋常的經(jīng)歷
7. take place about 30 years ago.發(fā)生在30 年前
8. follow sb. to do sth. 跟著某人做某事
9. get into 進(jìn)入
10. shout at 訓(xùn)斥、責(zé)備
11. What happen? 發(fā)生什么事了?
happen = take place 發(fā)生
12. in silence 沉默地
13. at the doctor\'s 在診所
14. think of 想起 think about 考慮
15. climb up the tree 爬上樹(shù)
16. run away 逃跑,逃掉
KP
"as + 形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+as"表示"和…一樣"
否定形式:"not as/so + 形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+as" 表示"和…不一樣"
GF
1. The Past Progressive Tense
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
⑴用法:表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
⑵謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu):be ( was, were )+ Ving
⑶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):at that time/moment
at + 點(diǎn)鐘 + yesterday/last night
from +點(diǎn)鐘 + to +點(diǎn)鐘 + yesterday
this time yesterday
just then
when he came in, ….(when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句是過(guò)去時(shí),并且動(dòng)詞是短暫性動(dòng)詞時(shí),主句使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))
2. when while
when與while都是從屬連詞,都有"當(dāng)……時(shí)"的意思。
when 可與一個(gè)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間或表示一段的時(shí)間連用,從句動(dòng)詞可以是短暫性或延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞;
while 只指一段時(shí)間,。因此while從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
3. What an important event it is!
How important the event is!
Unit 4
UE
1. have a surprise party 舉辦一個(gè)驚喜派對(duì)
2. be mad at/with sb. for sth. 因?yàn)槟呈聦?duì)某人發(fā)火
be mad about/on sth./sb. 對(duì)某事/某人很著迷
3. not … anymore = not … any more = no more 不再
4. first of all 首先
5. pass ( on ) sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人
pass on (代詞放中間)
6. work on 從事
7. be supposed to = should 計(jì)劃…
8. be good/better/best at 擅長(zhǎng)于…
do well/better/best in
9. report card 成績(jī)單
10. the disappointing result 令人失望的結(jié)果
11. this semester 本學(xué)期
12. How\'s it going? 你好嗎?
How are things going?
13. be in good/poor/bad/ill health 健康狀況好/不好/糟糕/病著
14. end-of-year exams 期末考
15. get/be nervous of sth./doing sth. 對(duì)某事/做某事感到緊張
16. have a hard time with sth. 在某事上/做某事處境困難
doing sth.
17. It\'s just that… 這只是由于…
18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事
doing sth. 忘記做過(guò)某事
19. get over 克服
20. for now 至今為止
21. as a volunteer on a one-year-programmer作為一個(gè)一年起教育援助計(jì)劃的志援者
22. open up my student\'s eyes打開(kāi)我學(xué)生的視野
23. care for wild animals in danger 照料,照顧瀕臨危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物
24. last about 22 hours 持續(xù)了大約22小時(shí)
KP
1. It\'s not right for you to copy other\'s homework.
2. I don\'t think (that) cat can fly.… 我不認(rèn)為…(否定前置)
GF
1. The object clause
賓語(yǔ)從句
⑴ 引導(dǎo)詞:that -- 引導(dǎo)陳述句,在句中可省略;
if,whether --引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句,可相互替換(從句中出現(xiàn)or not時(shí)只能使用whether);
wh-,h- -- 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句。
⑵ 時(shí)態(tài):
主句 從句
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 各種時(shí)態(tài)
一般過(guò)去時(shí) 相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)
注意:從句講述的是客觀真理時(shí),不根據(jù)主句改變時(shí)態(tài)。
⑶ 語(yǔ)序:引導(dǎo)詞后加陳述句語(yǔ)序
"主句 + 引導(dǎo)詞 + 從句主語(yǔ) + 從句謂語(yǔ) + 其他"
2. Direct Speech and Reported Speech
直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)參照賓語(yǔ)從句的變法,把雙引號(hào)內(nèi)的句子變?yōu)橘e語(yǔ)從句即可。以下是另需變化的兩點(diǎn)
⑷ 人稱(chēng)和所有格:" 一主,二賓,三不變 "
⑸ 狀語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞
Unit 5
1. have a great time 過(guò)得很愉快
2. wear jeans to the party 穿牛仔褲
3. let sb. in/out/by 讓某人進(jìn)來(lái)/出去/過(guò)去
4. be late for 遲到
5. be sorry (that)… 感到遺憾
6. organize sth. for … 為…組織某事
7. half (of) the class 半班
8. take away… 把…拿走、沒(méi)收
bring sth. to … 把某物帶來(lái)…
take sth. from … 從…把某物帶走
9. spent time with sb. 花時(shí)間與某人相處
10. make a lot of money 掙許多錢(qián)
11. be famous for… 因…而出名
be famous as… 因作為…而出名
12. join = take part in 參加
13. a professional athlete 職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員
14. get injured 受傷
15. a great chance 一次好機(jī)會(huì)
16. all the time 一直
17. travel around the world = travel all over the world 環(huán)球旅行
18. make a living (by) doing sth. 做某事謀生
19. complain about sth. 抱怨某事
20. decide to do sth. 決定去做某事
21. in order to do sth. 以便、為了
22. talk on the phone 講電話
KP
1. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞
too many + 可數(shù)名詞
much too + 形容詞
2. against 反對(duì)、與…相反、與…對(duì)抗
argue against 抵制
GF
1. The Conditional Adverbial Clause
條件狀語(yǔ)從句由if或unless引導(dǎo),表示如果有從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生,就會(huì)有主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生。在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,主句是將來(lái)時(shí)、祈使句或含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子時(shí),從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表達(dá)將來(lái)的意思(即:主將從現(xiàn))。
if:如果
Eg. We will have a meeting tomorrow if Mr. Gao doesn\'t leave for Shanghai.
If it rains tomorrow, he will stay at home.
八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)u(píng)nits 6--10
重點(diǎn)句子講解
1. Why don’t you get her a scarf for her birthday ? 為什么不在她生日時(shí)給她買(mǎi)條圍巾呢?Why not ?
get sb. sth. for … 為了… 給某人買(mǎi)某物
= get sth. to sb. for…
注意：當(dāng)sth. 是代詞時(shí)，不可使用第二種用法。
2. That’s not interesting enough. 那不夠有趣。
enough有兩種詞性：當(dāng)它用來(lái)修飾形容詞、副詞時(shí)，作為副詞，應(yīng)放在所修飾的詞之后，如上句;當(dāng)它用來(lái)修飾名詞時(shí),應(yīng)放在名詞之后，如：I don’t have enough time to spend with her.
3. What’s the best gift (that) Joe has ever received? Joe曾經(jīng)受到的最好的禮物
是什么?
4. What a lucky guy! 幸運(yùn)的家伙!
5. I think a dog is a good pet for a 6-year-old child. 我認(rèn)為對(duì)于一個(gè)六歲的孩子一條狗會(huì)是一個(gè)好禮物。
6. Dogs are too difficult to take care of. 狗很難照料。
7. The trendiest kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig. 近來(lái)最流行的寵物是大腹便便的豬。
8. Life with a pig isn’t always perfect. 和一只豬在一起生活并不總是完美的。
9. Now she’s too big to sleep in the house. 現(xiàn)在她太大了不能睡在屋子里。
too… to …：太…以致于不能…
= so… that 主語(yǔ) can’t ….
e.g. He is too young to go to school.
= He is so young that he can’t go to school.
= He isn’t old enough to go to school.
= He is very young and he can’t go to school.
注意：too…to…是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，而so…that…是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。并且當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的主句主語(yǔ)和從句主語(yǔ)不同時(shí)，在句型中要用for sb.來(lái)表述。如：
The digital camera is so expensive that we can’t buy it.
= The digital camera is too expensive for us to buy.
= The digital camera isn’t cheap enough for us to buy.
= The digital camera is very expensive and we can’t buy it.
10. My shoes were really cheap. They only cost $5. 我的鞋子真的很便宜。只要花5美圓。
cost：花費(fèi)(金錢(qián))主語(yǔ)為物;
pay：花費(fèi)(金錢(qián))主語(yǔ)為人;
take：：花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))主語(yǔ)為物;
spend ：花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢(qián))主語(yǔ)為人。
語(yǔ)法
1. Why don’t you get her a scarf?
= Why not get her a scarf? 為什么不給她買(mǎi)條圍巾呢?
How/What about doing sth.? 做…怎么樣呢?
How/What about + (a/an) + n.? …怎么樣呢?
2. Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介不介意做(不做)…?
= Would/Could you please (not) do sth.? 請(qǐng)你做(不做)…好嗎?
注意：7、8兩個(gè)單元學(xué)習(xí)的幾種禮貌的提出建議的方式要重點(diǎn)、綜合復(fù)習(xí)。注意他們的搭配。
Unit 9
重要短語(yǔ)
1. hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō) hear from 收到…的消息/來(lái)信
2. take a ride 兜風(fēng)
3. end up 結(jié)束
4. argue with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵
5. roller coaster 過(guò)山車(chē)
6. a flight attendant 一個(gè)機(jī)組乘務(wù)員
7. in fact 事實(shí)上
8. all over the world 全世界
9. think about 考慮 think of 想起;認(rèn)為
10. rather than 寧可;而不是
11. neither…nor… 既不…也不…
12. three quarters of 四分之三
13. for example 舉個(gè)例子
14. such as 例如
15. on the one hand,… on the other hand,…. 一方面…，另一方面…
16. be asleep 睡著(狀態(tài)) fall asleep 睡著(動(dòng)作)
重點(diǎn)句子
1. Have you ever been to a water park? 你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)水上公園嗎?
No, I haven’t. 不，我沒(méi)有。
Me neither. = Neither/Nor have I. 我也沒(méi)有。
這是一個(gè)否定的省略句。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是“ Neither/Nor + be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”。而用在肯定的省略句中時(shí)要使用so，它的結(jié)構(gòu)是“So+ be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”。如：
-- I paid 20 yuan for this book.
-- So did I.
2. The roller coaster is themed with Disney characters.
過(guò)山車(chē)是以迪斯尼的人物為主題的。
3. The boats take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.
雖然船的路線不同，但它們都停泊在同一個(gè)地方。
4. It’s just so much fun in Disneyland.
迪斯尼樂(lè)園里有如此之多的樂(lè)趣。
5. It was because I could speak English that I got the job.
只是因?yàn)槲夷苷f(shuō)英語(yǔ)，我得到了這份工作。
6. More than three quarters of the population are Chinese.
超過(guò)四分之三的人是中國(guó)人。
7. This is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you like. 就因?yàn)檫@個(gè)島是如此接近赤道。所以只要你愿意你任何時(shí)候都可以去。
語(yǔ)法
1. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
(1) 用法：動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成;
過(guò)去發(fā)生或已完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果和影響;
過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
(2) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + V.過(guò)去分詞
(3) 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already, yet, just, ever, never, once, twice, so far, ever since, for a long time, for + 一段時(shí)間, since + 過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)/過(guò)去時(shí)的從句，等。
(4) 注意事項(xiàng):
A. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài),重點(diǎn)表達(dá)目前的結(jié)果和狀態(tài);
B. 表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在用for + 時(shí)間段, since +點(diǎn)時(shí)間連用。對(duì)for與since短語(yǔ)提問(wèn)用how long。
C. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)從不與when引起的疑問(wèn)句聯(lián)用。
D. have been to：去過(guò)…
have gone to：去了…
have been in：呆在…
E. 短暫性動(dòng)詞變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動(dòng)詞：
buy --- have had borrow --- have kept
join --- have been in / have been a member of
become --- have been a member make friends --- have been friends
die --- have been dead get to know --- have known
come/go to do --- have done catch a cold --- have had a cold
begin/start to do --- have done
begin / start --- have been on
enter / come / arrive / get to / reach --- have been in/at
go / leave for / set off / set out --- have been away from
2. since，for在現(xiàn)在完成(進(jìn)行)時(shí)中的用法差異
(1) since 后接過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)的從句。
He has been an English teacher since three years ago.
We have known each other since we came to study in this university.
(2) for后接時(shí)間段
He has lived here for three years.
3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：yesterday, last night, three weeks ago, in 1990等。
而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系，它可以和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：
He has lived here since 1992. 1992年以來(lái)他一直住在這里。(他現(xiàn)在還住在這里)
He lived here in 1992. 1992年他住在這里。(并不涉及他現(xiàn)在是否住在這里)
Unit 10
重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
1. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事
forget doing sth. 忘記做過(guò)某事
2. look through 瀏覽
3. cross a busy street = go/walk across a busy street 穿過(guò)一條繁忙的街道
4. think of 想起、認(rèn)為
5. come along 出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生
6. get along/on … with sb. 與某人相處的…
7. be friendly to sb. 對(duì)某人友好
8. have a birthday party 舉辦一個(gè)生日聚會(huì)
9. on Saturday night 在周六的晚上
10. at least 至少
11. at the school dining room 在學(xué)校的餐廳里
知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1. I hope so. 我希望如此。
so為代詞，用來(lái)表示贊同前面所提及的內(nèi)容。除了hope以外，還有think，believe，suppose，be afraid等，可與so連用。如：
Do you think it will rain this afternoon? 你認(rèn)為下午會(huì)下雨嗎?
I think/believe/suppose/hope/am afraid so. 我想/相信/猜/希望/恐怕會(huì)。
注意：用來(lái)表示不贊同前面所提及的內(nèi)容，有兩種不同的方法，不可混用。如：
I don’t think so. 我不這么想。
I hope/suppose/am afraid not. 我希望/猜/恐怕不會(huì)這樣。
2. How much did that shirt cost? 那件襯衫多少錢(qián)?
3. I feel like part of the group now. 現(xiàn)在我感覺(jué)像是他們中的一員了。
4. Friends like you make it a lot easier to get along in a new place. 有像你這樣的一些朋友，使得我在新的地方很快就適應(yīng)了。
本文來(lái)自：逍遙右腦記憶 http://www.yy-art.cn/chuer/67824.html
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