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odule 4 Great Inventions Unit 3 Language practice教 學 目 標
德育目標：To know about some great inventions 知識目標： To practice the use of passive voice能力目標：To complete a task about “How to improve inventions”重點
被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)： 情態(tài)動詞（not）+ be +過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時—— have／has +been+動詞的過去分詞難點
情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)： 情態(tài)動詞（not）+ be +過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時—— have／has +been+動詞的過去分詞型
Revision and application教法
Formal and interactive practicesPart I: RevisionLanguage practice現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)： have/has（not） been +過去分詞Paper and printing have been used for ages.The battery hasn’t been changed for a couple of months.Has it been published yet?情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)： 情態(tài)動詞（not）+ be +過去分詞Information can be kept on CD-ROs.Books could only be produced one at a time.Can books be replaced by computers?Conclusion (I)當我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時，或者只需強調(diào)動作的承受者時，要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)：主語是動作的承受者 。被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be +動詞的過去分詞一般現(xiàn)在時—— am／is ／ are +動詞的過去分詞一般過去時—— was／were +動詞的過去分詞情態(tài)動詞—— aux.v. (must／can／could／may…)+ be +動詞的過去分詞現(xiàn)在進行時—— be(am、is、are)+being +動詞的過去分詞一般將時—— will be／be going to be +動詞的過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時—— have／has +been+動詞的過去分詞時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are done一般過去時was/were done現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are being done過去進行時was/were being done一般將時Will be done過去將時Would be done現(xiàn)在完成時Have/ has been done過去完成時Had been done主動語態(tài)如何改成被動語態(tài)？1. 主動語態(tài)的賓語改成被動語態(tài)的主語。2. 主動語態(tài)的謂語動詞改成被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞。do----be done3. 注意保持時態(tài)和人稱的一致。 4. 帶雙賓的謂語動詞有兩種改法。當把直接賓語改成主語時，謂語動詞后必須加適當?shù)慕樵~: to / for.如：give-- be given to 此類動詞還有：pass show send… 再如：buy--- be bought for此類動詞還有：make draw cook mend…5. 一些動詞不定式在主動語態(tài)中省略to作賓語補足語，改成被動語態(tài)時，to必須還原。注:1. 不及物動詞（vi.)不用被動語態(tài)。如:happen、take place 、appeardisappear…沒有被動形式。**幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.y uncle gave me a gift on my birthday．----• I was given a gift on my birthday．• A gift was given to me on my birthday.2.We often hear him play the guitar．• He is often heard to play the guitar• 注意：see, watch, hear, notice, feel, make, listen to, look at等動詞/短語后作賓語補語的不定式都不帶to；但改成被動語態(tài)后必須帶to。Exercises1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words.1. I think one day books may ___________(place) completely.2. y bike _____________(leave) at school, so I have to take the bus to school today.3. The battery ___________________(charge) yet. How can I use my recorder.4. Paper should not _________(throw) away.5. Books and other material can _____________(borrow) from the library.6. I’ve bought a second-hand P3 player—and about 1,000 songs have ___________ (download) onto it!7. Has the computer ________________(repair) yet? I need to write my article with it.8. What have ________________(turn on)?The radio.2. Work in pairs: Complete the quiz questions and choose the correct answer.a) The Egyptians b) The Ancient Greeks c) The Romans 2. What/ use/ to make paper since the 19th century? a) Wood b) Silk c) Cotton3. Where/ the story of Romeo and Juliet / set? a) In New York b) In Athens c) In London4. Where/ the world’s oldest book printed on paper/ discover? a) In India b) In China c) In Egypt5. How long/ computers/ use?a) For less than 50 years. b) For 50 years c) For more than 503. ake questions and write answers.What/ shouldn’t /do/with paper? (waste)-------What shouldn’t be done with paper?--It shouldn’t be wasted.4. Look at the pictures and describe how the place has changed. Use these words:add, change, open, paint, put, turn on, take away,5. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words.call, clean, develop, introduce, invent, produce, spread, use, writeFrom about 500 BC, pens __________ for writing. The feathers of large birds ___________ and dried. The point of each feather was sharpened. Then people used them to write with ink. any famous works, such as Shakespeare’s plays, ___________ with these pens. Then in the 18th century, A pen with a steel writing point ____________ Only a feords could __________, however, before the writer had to fill the pen with ink again. any years later, the fountain pen ____________ from these early pens. In 1950, a European called Laszlo Biro invented the ballpoint pen. The popularity of writing _________quickly with the ___________ of the ballpoint pen. Even today, ballpoint pen, or Biros, as they _____________, are much less expensive, compared with the fountain pens.6--7 Listening Practice8. Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box.by hand, for ages , from now on, I wonder, rather than 1. Could you imagine a digital image of Yao ing on the wall _____________ a poster? 2. Things made _____________ are usually more expensive than those produced in factories. 3. ____________ how old books are actually downloaded onto computers… 4. I haven’t seen my best friend________________! 5. We’re using too much paper. ____________, I’m going to read all my magazines online.Around the world E-bookodule taskDiscuss how to improve inventionsHomework:Finish off the workbook exercises
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