不定式與疑問詞連用：動詞不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引導(dǎo)的疑問句連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語。如：
The question is when to start. 問題是什么時候開始。
I don’t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。
?系動詞不能獨立作謂語，要和表語一起構(gòu)成謂語。常用的連系動詞有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。 連系動詞除be 和become 等少數(shù)詞可接名詞 作表語外，一般都是接形容詞�！∪纾�
They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago.
She felt very tired.
?要點
1. by + doing 通過……方式 如：by studying with a group
by 還可以表示：“在…旁”、“靠近”、“在…期間”、“用、”“經(jīng)過”、“乘車”等
如：I live by the river.
I have to go back by ten o’clock.
The thief entered the room by the window.
The student went to park by bus.
2. talk about 談?wù)�，議論，討論 如：The students often talk about movie after class.
學(xué)生們常常在課后討論電影。
talk to sb. === talk with sb. 與某人說話
3. 提建議的句子：
①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?
②Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping?
③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping?
④Let’s + do sth. 如：Let’s go shopping
⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?
4. a lot 許多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了許多。
a lot of許多 == lots of 許多 常與名詞連用 a lot of books
5. too…to 太…而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth.
如：I’m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想說。
6. aloud, loud與loudly的用法 三個詞都與"大聲"或"響亮"有關(guān)。
①aloud是副詞,重點在出聲能讓人聽見,但聲音不一定很大,常用在讀書或說話上。通常放在動詞之后。aloud沒有比較級形式。
如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗讀那篇故事給他兒子聽。
②loud可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時,常與speak, talk, laugh等動詞連用,多用于比較級,須放在動詞之后。如:
She told us to speak a little louder. 她讓我們說大聲一點。
③loudly是副詞,與loud同義,有時兩者可替換使用,但往往含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思,可位于動詞之前或之后。
如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不當(dāng)眾大聲談笑。
7. not …at all 一點也不 根本不 如：
I like milk very much. I don’t like coffee at all. 我非常喜歡牛奶。我一點也不喜歡咖啡。
not經(jīng)�？梢院椭鷦釉~結(jié)合在一起，at all 則放在句尾
8. be / get excited about sth. ===
be / get excited about doing sth. ===
be excited to do sth. 對…感興奮 如：
I am / get excited about going to Beijing.===
I am excited to go to Beijing. 我對去北京感到興奮。
9. ① end up doing sth 終止做某事，結(jié)束做某事 如：
The party ended up singing. 晚會以唱歌而結(jié)束。
② end up with sth. 以…結(jié)束 如：
The party ended up with her singing. 晚會以她的歌唱而告終。
10. first of all 首先
. to begin with 一開始
later on 后來、隨后
11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中間
either 也（用于否定句）常在句末
too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末
I am also a student. 我也是一個學(xué)生
I am a student too. 我也是一個學(xué)生。
I am not a student either. 我也不是一個學(xué)生。
12. make mistakes 犯錯 如：I often make mistakes. 我經(jīng)常犯錯。
make a mistake 犯一個錯誤 如： I have made a mistake. 我已經(jīng)犯了一個錯誤。
13. laugh at sb. 笑話；取笑（某人）如：Don’t laugh at me! 不要取笑我!
14. take notes 做筆記，做記錄
15. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做…樂意做… 如： She enjoys playing football. 她喜歡踢足球。
enjoy oneself 過得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他過得愉快。
16. native speaker 說本族語的人
17. make up 組成、構(gòu)成
18. one of +(the+ 形容詞最高級)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式 …其中之一
如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受歡迎的教師之一。
19. It’s +形容詞+(for sb. ) to do sth. (對于某人來說)做某事…
如：It’s difficult (for me ) to study English. 對于我來說學(xué)習(xí)英語太難了。
句中的it 是形式主語，真正的主語是to study English
20. practice doing 練習(xí)做某事 如：She often practices speaking English. 她經(jīng)常練習(xí)說英語。
21. decide to do sth. 決定做某事 如：
LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。
22. unless 假如不，除非 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句
如：You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力你會失敗。
I won’t write unless he writes first. 除非他先寫要不我不寫
23. deal with 處理 如：I dealt with a lot of problems.
24. worry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人/ 某事
如：Mother worried about her son just now. 媽媽剛才擔(dān)心她的兒子。
25. be angry with sb. 對某人生氣 如：I was angry with her. 我對她生氣。
26. perhaps === maybe 也許
27. go by (時間) 過去 如： Two years went by. 兩年過去了。
28. see sb. / sth. doing 看見某人正在做某事 強調(diào)正在發(fā)生
see sb. / sth. do 看見某人做了某事 如：
如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom. 她看見他正在教室里畫畫。
29. each other 彼此
30. regard… as … 把…看作為…. ,as后可接名詞,形容詞等, 如：
The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 這些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。
I regard them as very important.我認(rèn)為他們非常重要.
31. too many 太多 修飾可數(shù)名詞 如：too many girls
too much 太多 修飾不可數(shù)名詞 如：too much milk
much too 太 修飾形容詞 如：much too beautiful
32. change… into… 將…變?yōu)椤?br />如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 這個魔術(shù)師將這支筆變?yōu)橐槐緯?br />33. with the help of sb. == with one’s help 在某人的幫助下
如：with the help of LiLei == with LiLei’s help 在李雷的幫助下
34. compare … to … 把…與…相比
如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸運的。
35. instead 代替 用在句末，副詞（字面上常不譯出來）
instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是 用在句中，動詞
如：Last summer I went to Beijing. This year I’m going to Shanghai instead.
去年夏天我去北京, 今年我將要去上海。
I will go instead of you. 我將代替你去。
He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。
36. try one’s best to do 盡某人的最大能力去做某事
如：She tried her best to finish every work.
37. look up 查閱（字典）
如：If you don’t understand the word, you can look up this word in the dictionary.
如果你不理解這個單詞，你可以在字典中查閱
當(dāng)遇到代詞時，應(yīng)把代詞放在中間如：look it /them up
Unit1重點知識梳理
一、知識點
1.By: ①通過…..方式（途徑）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.
②在…..旁邊。例：by the window/the door
③乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car
④在……之前，到……為止。例：by October在10月前
⑤被 例：English is spoken by many people.
2. voice 指人的嗓音，也指鳥鳴 sound 指人可以聽到的各種聲音 noise 指噪音、吵鬧聲
3. find + 賓語 + 賓補（名詞 形容詞 介詞短語 分詞等）
例：I find him friendly. I found him working in the garden.
We found him in bed. He found the window closed.
4. 常見的系動詞有： ①是：am 、is、 are ②保持：keep、 stay
③ 轉(zhuǎn)變：become、 get、 turn ④ ……起來 feel、 look、 smell、 taste、 sound
5. get + 賓語 + 賓補（形容詞 過去分詞 動詞不定式） 使某種情況發(fā)生
例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干凈 Get Mr. Green to come. 讓格林先生進(jìn)來
I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行車
You can’t get him waiting. 你不能讓他老等著
6 動詞不定式做定語
①與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系
The next train to arrive was from New York. He is always the first to come.
②與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系
I have nothing to say. I need a pen to write with.
I need some paper to write on. I don’t have a room to live in.
7.all、 both、 always以及every復(fù)合詞與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定。其完全否定為：
all?none both?neither everything?nothing everybody?nobody
8.complete完成，是個較正式的詞，后不能接動名詞 finish指日常事物的完成
9.a,an 與序數(shù)詞連用表示“又一”，“再一”。
例：Please give me a second apple. There comes a fifth girl.
10.have trouble/difficulty/problem (in) doing….. 干…..遇到麻煩，困難
11.unless 除非，如果不，等于“if not”本身就表示否定，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，主句為將來時，條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
例：My baby sister won’t cry unless she’s hungry.=My baby sister won’t cry if she isn’t hungry.
Unless you take more care, you’ll have an accident.如果你不多加小心的話，你會出事的。
12.instead: adv. 代替，更換。
例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？ 我們沒有咖啡了，改喝茶好嗎？
Stuart was ill, so I went instead. 斯圖爾病了，所以換了我去。
instead of 作為某人或某事物的替換
例：Let’s play cards instead of watching TV.
Give me the red one instead of the green one.
13.spoken 口頭的，口語的。Spoken English; Speaking 講話的，說某種語言的。Speaking skills
二、短語：
1．first at all 首先
2．to begin with ( = at first ) 開始
3．the best way to do ( = of doing ) sth. 做的最好方法
4．practice speaking English練習(xí)說英語
5．English ? speaking friends講英語的朋友
6．writing / listening practice寫作（聽力）練習(xí)
7．improve my speaking skills提高我的會話技巧
8．spoken English 英語口語
9．get excited about sth 對…感興奮
10．get excited about doing ( = to do ) sth.對做…感興奮
11．end up with sth. 以…結(jié)束
12．end up doing sth. 終止做某事，結(jié)束做某事
13．end up speaking in Chinese 以說漢語結(jié)束對話
14．make mistakes in spelling ( grammar )在拼寫（語法）方面犯錯誤
15. laugh at 嘲笑
16．be afraid of sb. / sth. 害怕 某人/物
17．be afraid to do害怕做，不敢做
18．decide ( not ) to do sth. = decide on doing = make a decision to do sth. 決定（不）做
19．enjoy doing 喜歡干…
20. take notes 記筆記
21．have trouble doing sth. = have problems doing sth.
= have a hard ( difficult ) time doing sth. 做....有困難
22．have fun doing sth玩得高興
23．learn to forget 學(xué)會忘記
24．try ( = do ) one’s best to do sth. 盡力做
25．with the help of sb. = with sb.’s help在…的幫助下
26．( how ) deal with = ( what )do with 對待，處理，
27．worry about = be worried about 擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂
28．give sb. some suggestions = give sb. some advice 給某人提建議
29．write ( it , them ) down寫下，記下
30．look ( it, them ) up in a dictionary查字典
31．be angry with sb. = be mad at sb. = be annoyed with sb. 生某人的氣
32．be angry at / about sth. 對某事生氣
33. think of 想起，想到7
34．make flashcards 做單詞抽認(rèn)卡
35．make vocabulary lists做單詞表
36．a(chǎn)sk…for help 向某人求助
37．study for a test 為考試作準(zhǔn)備
38．that way (=in that way) 通過那種方式
40．read aloud 朗讀
41．learn a lot 學(xué)到許多
42．help a little 有點幫助
43．not …at all 根本不，全然不
44．a(chǎn)sk sb. about sth. 問某人關(guān)于…的事
45．feel differently 感受不同
46．be different from = be not the same as 與…不同
47．the difference between A and B A與B的區(qū)別
48．get lots of ( = much ) practice 得到大量的練習(xí)
50．get the pronunciation right 使發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確
51．make complete sentences with 用…造完整的句子
52．feel soft 摸起來柔軟
53．a(chǎn)round the world = all over the world 全世界
54．make up 編造，虛構(gòu)，化妝，打扮
55．speak English as a second language 把英語當(dāng)做第二語言來說
56．regard sb. / sth. as = have / take… as = think of… as 把…當(dāng)做…
57．regard problems as challenges 把困難當(dāng)作挑戰(zhàn)
58．solve a problem解決困難
59．complain about / of sb. / sth. to sb. 向某人抱怨
60．change sth. into 把…變?yōu)椤?br />61．compare A with / to B 把…和…作比較
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