【—中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之副詞】對(duì)于英語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)中,下面是老師對(duì)副詞語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的內(nèi)容講解哦,希望大家認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)。
副詞
【復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)】
和形容詞一樣,副詞在句中也屬于修飾范疇。形容詞主要修飾名詞,而副詞則主要用于修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句,以表示程度、方式、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)以及對(duì)話語(yǔ)的態(tài)度等。例如:
、.修飾動(dòng)詞的詞語(yǔ)就是副詞,如beat it heavily中的“heavily”就是副詞,修飾“beat”,狠狠地打擊。
、.還有的副詞是修飾形容詞的,常常表示程度。如extremely beautiful中的“extremely”修飾形容詞“beautiful”,“極其漂亮的”
、.還有的副詞本身修飾副詞,和修飾形容詞類似。He plays football very well.
、.較特殊情況的副詞可以放在句首,表一種伴隨狀態(tài)。例如:“Fortunately,I managed it in time"中的fortunately。幸運(yùn)的,我最后及時(shí)的完成了(那件事情)。
1.? 副詞的構(gòu)成:
從形態(tài)上看,大多數(shù)副詞都是由“形容詞+后綴-ly”構(gòu)成的,例如:slowly, heavily, truly, terribly等。
形容詞變副詞:
①.在形容詞詞尾直接加-ly。如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly
②.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞要變y為i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily
、.某些以輔音字母加不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾和以-ue結(jié)尾的形容詞要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如:terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently
注意: friendly; motherly; lovely,weekly,lively等詞是形容詞而非副詞。
、.英語(yǔ)中還有少數(shù)與形容詞同形的副詞,例如:daily, early, fast, hard, high, long, near, straight, well等。請(qǐng)比較它們的詞義和用法:
the high jump 跳高項(xiàng)目(形容詞)?to jump high 跳得高(副詞)
a fast car?行得快的汽車(形容詞)to drive fast??開快車(副詞)
an early riser?早起的人(形容詞)to get up early?起得早(副詞)
?a straight line直線(形容詞)Go straight ahead.?一直朝前走。(副詞)
注意:兼有兩種形式的副詞
、.late 與lately:
late意思是"晚"; lately 意思是"最近"。例如:You have come too late. What have you been doing lately?
、.deep與deeply:
deep意思是"深",表示空間深度;deeply時(shí)常表示感情上的深度,"深深地"。例如:He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film.
、.high與highly:
high表示空間高度;highly表示程度,相當(dāng)于much 。例如:The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.
、.wide與widely:
wide表示空間寬度;widely意思是"廣泛地","在許多地方" 。例如:He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world.
2.? 副詞的位置:
、. 副詞修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí),通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如:Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首) 通常我晚上做家庭作業(yè)。 I often get up at six. (句中) 我常在6點(diǎn)起床。Please speak slowly. (句末) 請(qǐng)慢慢說(shuō)。
注意:頻度副詞通常置于系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞之后,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前。例如: Mary is always late for the meeting.?瑪麗開會(huì)老是遲到。We must always remember our friends.我們必須牢記我們的朋友。?
I have never been to London. 我從未去過倫敦。My mother often does morning exercises in the morning.我媽媽經(jīng)常在早上做早操。?
、. 副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí),通常放在形容詞或副詞的前面,但也有例外。如:These flowers are quite beautiful. (在形容詞前) 這些花相當(dāng)漂亮。 He works very hard. (在副詞前)他工作很努力。 She is old enough to go to school. (在形容詞后)她已到了上學(xué)的年齡。
注意:
A.副詞very 可以修飾形容詞,但不能修飾動(dòng)詞。 例如:(錯(cuò)) I very like English. (對(duì)) I like English very much.
B.副詞enough應(yīng)放在所修飾的形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞的后面,形容詞enough放在名詞前后都可。例如:The boy is old enough to go to school.這個(gè)男孩到上學(xué)的年齡了。I know him well enough. 我非常了解他。
He didn't get up early enough to catch the early bus. 他起床不夠早,沒有趕上早班車。
C. 注意順序:
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