一、形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級
①一般的比較級和最高級在形容詞或副詞后加-er或-est，如：small —— smaller —— smallest
②以不發(fā)音-e結(jié)尾的形容詞或副詞直接加 –r或 –st，如large —— largest —— largest
③重讀閉音節(jié)詞尾是一個(gè)輔音字母的，需雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er或-est.
④以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的形容詞和副詞，把“y”變“i”，再加 –er或-est.busy——busier——busiesthappy——happier——happiest
但一些雙音節(jié)及多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞前要加more和most，如：slowly —— more slowly —— most slowlydifficult——more difficult——most difficultbeautiful——more beautiful——most beautiful； 但還有一些不規(guī)則的變化：good / well——better——bestmany——more——mostbad / ill / badly ——worse——worstlittle——less——leastfar —— farther / further —— farther / furthest
二、形容詞和副詞的等比句型
①as…as… 和……一樣 I’m as tall as you.
②not as（so）…as 不和…… 一樣（在否定句中常用so 來代替as）
如，I can’t run so fast as you.
另外as…as possible 為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，如，as soon as possible， as quickly as possible 等。
在以上兩個(gè)句型中形容詞或副詞一定要用原級。
三、形容詞和副詞的其它句型還有：
①形容詞/ 副詞 比較級 + than 句型 ，在than 后面的人稱代詞 用主語和賓語均可。He is older than I / me. 但是如果人稱代詞后有動(dòng)詞時(shí)，則只能用主格形式。如， Tom found more red leaves than I did.
②“the + 比較級， the + 比較級” 結(jié)構(gòu)表示兩個(gè)變化一起發(fā)生。如， The more you learn， the more you’ll know.
③“more and more”結(jié)構(gòu)（指兩個(gè)形容詞比較級用and 連接）表示持續(xù)不斷的變化。 如： I’m getting thinner and thinner.
四、修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級的副詞要用much， a lot， a little， a bit， far等，very不能和比較級連用。如： The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive. 昨天我買的襯衣比較便宜。To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy. 打籃球?qū)τ谀泻⒆觼碚f要有趣得多。
五、形容詞的一些搭配，
如：be glad / happy/ pleased to do 很高興做某事be sorry to do 很抱歉，很遺憾做某事be sure to do 一定/相信會(huì)做某事be ready to do 準(zhǔn)備好做某事，樂于做某事get ready to do 為……做好準(zhǔn)備等等。
下面我們來看一些例題。
1.The Yellow River is one of ___ in China.
A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest riverD. the long river
答案：A
2. Does he speak Chinese ___ his brother？
A. as better as B. as good as C. as well as D. best than
答案：C
3. Which shirt do you like ___， the white one or the blue one？
A. better B. good C. best D. much
答案：A
4. I don’t feel ___ to go to work today. I’m ill.
A. good enough B. well enough C. enough well D. enough good
答案：B
5. Mary would like to spend ___ days on her research.
A. a little more B. a little C. a few more D. much more
答案：C
練習(xí)：
1.Be quiet， class！ I have ___ to tell you.
A. important anything B. important something
C. anything important D. something important
答案：D
2.This picture book is not ___ that one.
A. so interesting as B. so interesting than
C. as interesting than D. interesting as
答案：A
3.This article is ___ than that one.
A. much easier B. more easier c. much more easier D. more easy
答案：A
4.The Changjiang River is ___ river in China.
A. long B. longest C. the longest D. longer
答案：C
5.You must keep your room ___ and tidy.
A. to clean B. cleaning C. clean D. cleaned
答案：C
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