數(shù)詞分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種;
(一)基數(shù)詞在中表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞。
1.基數(shù)詞的構成
(1)1-20
one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,
sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty
(2)21-99 先說“幾十”,再說“幾”,中間加連字符。
23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,
(3)101—999先說“幾百”,再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù);
586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three
(4)l,000以上,先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加一個“,”,第一個“,”前為thousand.第二個“,”前為million,第三個“,”前為billion,然后一節(jié)一節(jié)地表示。
9,785→nine thousand, seven hundred and eighty-five
6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine
750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty, billion
2.基數(shù)詞的用法
(1)表示數(shù)量
Eg. 一 How many books would you like?
一I would like two.
(2)表示號碼
eg.My phone number is 6887789.
(3)表示時間
eg.I watch CCTV News at seven o’clock every evening.
(4)表示“…十”的數(shù)詞的復數(shù)可以表示人的歲數(shù)或年代。
eg. He is in his early thirties.他有三十來歲(31—34歲):
This took place in the 1930s.這事發(fā)生在二十世紀三十年代;
(5)表具體數(shù)字時,hundred,thousand,million用單數(shù)。
eg. There are six hundred students in our grade.
(6)表不確定的數(shù)字時,數(shù)詞用復數(shù)。若帶名詞,再加of ,hundreds of(數(shù)百,成百上千 的),thousands of(數(shù)干,成千上萬的),millions of(數(shù)百萬)
eg 。 Hundreds of old people died of cold last winter.
(二)序數(shù)詞在英語中表示順序、次序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。
1.序數(shù)詞的構成
(1)一般在基數(shù)詞后加th, eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth,多位數(shù)把個位變序數(shù)詞。
基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞的規(guī)則(口訣):
基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾加上 th;一、二、三特殊記,結尾t、d、d。
八減t,九減e,f要把ve替。ty把y改為i,記得th前有個e。
2.序數(shù)詞的用法
(1.)the+序數(shù)詞,表示“第幾”
John lives on the fifteenth floor
(2).a\an+序數(shù)詞,表達"再一,又一"
eg.We'll have to do it a second time.
(3)年月日的表達
年用基數(shù)詞表示,日用序數(shù)詞表示
(4)分數(shù)的表達
分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞。分子大于1,分母加-s。
(5)序數(shù)詞也可以用作副詞,
When did you first see him?
(6)基數(shù)詞也能表示順序,如書刊的頁的數(shù)目,住所、房間、教室、電話號碼等等。
Page Eight, Room 304,Class Seven,
(7).倍數(shù)表示法
主語+謂語+倍數(shù)(或分數(shù))+ as + adj. + as I have three times as many as you.
我有你三倍那么多。
(8)在…世紀:
in the twenty-first century
常見考法
對于數(shù)詞的考查,通常是以單項選擇、詞語運用或聽力形式考查在具體語言環(huán)境中靈活運用數(shù)詞的。
誤區(qū)提醒
1.在具體語境中正確使用序數(shù)詞,并能正確書寫序數(shù)詞。
2.在聽力中聽辨數(shù)字和號碼,要速記且準確。
3. hundreds of,thousands of,millions of表示約數(shù)時的用法。
典型例題1:In _____,Mr.Li began to learn English.
A.his 1990 B. the 1990s C the 1990 D a 1990
解析:從題意中可判斷出要表達時間,如果是1990年,那么直接就是in 1990就可以了, C和D排除掉,人是不可能有1990歲的,排除A,B表達的是“十八世紀 九十年代”。
答案:B
典型例題2: September is _________(九) month of the year.
解析:這是一道填空題,考查序數(shù)詞的拼寫。序數(shù)詞前加the, 故用the ninth.
本文來自:逍遙右腦記憶 http://yy-art.cn/chuzhong/188180.html
相關閱讀:研究表明:睡美容覺確實有好處