作者:盧灣區(qū)教育學院兼職教研員、上海市第一女子初級中學--徐穎
中考英語試題第二部分共有五大類題,計40分,占總分33.3%。由于版面有限,本期介紹三類題型。
一、寫單詞注意三方面
對于大部分學生來說,在掌握英語48個國際音標(認識、辨析、會拼讀)的前提下,這部分還是容易得分的。但得滿分并非易事,應注意以下幾方面。
(1)掌握初中階段要求掌握的全部單詞,特別是不符合讀音規(guī)則的特殊單詞、較長單詞和冷僻單詞。
例:Who can____[klaim] to the top of that hill in15 minutes?(2001)
(2)拼寫單詞不僅要根據(jù)音標,還需把單詞放入整個句子,考慮單復數(shù)、時態(tài)等。
例:C om puters can work out difficult____[prblms].(2000)
(3)注意同音異義詞。在2002年考卷中這部分占4分,但大多數(shù)語言專家認為可刪除看音標寫單詞,把分值加入第三部分閱讀與寫話。
二、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換找準句子2002中考采用從方框內(nèi)選出單詞,用其適當?shù)男问教羁,每空格限填一詞的形式。這種新題型增加了難度,不僅要求學生轉(zhuǎn)換詞性,而且要找準句子。如果在平時練習中注重積累,分析其中的規(guī)律,同學們做這類題目就能游刃有余。要做好這類題,必須掌握《基本要求》上的單詞,在此基礎上了解英語構(gòu)詞法。
名詞變形容詞后加y/ly/ful/able等。例:sun - --sunny形容詞變名詞加ist。如:cy- cle - --cyclist art - --artist動詞變名詞后加e r/or/tion
等。如:manage - --manager in- vent - --inventor pollute - --pollu- tion動詞變形容詞后加ed/ing等。如:interest - --interested wound - --wounded
形容詞變副詞后加ly。如:heavy - --heavily final - --finally
單詞前加u n/im/dis等變否定意思。如:l ucky - --unlucky pos- sible - --impossible appear - --dis- appear
形容詞后加n ess變名詞。如:h appy - --happiness ill - --illness特殊的名詞復數(shù)、序數(shù)詞及比較級、最高級等。如:w om an - -- wom en nine - --ninth ill( bad)--- worse - --worst。同學們在答題時要認真謹慎,看清整個句子。填入單詞后,再通讀一遍。
三、選擇題切忌瞎猜
每題由一個題干和四個選項組成,答案是唯一的。選擇題考查知識面廣,題型多,從歷年試卷分析來看,主要分以下幾類。
(1)感嘆句Useful work they have done!
(2000)A) What B) How C) What aD) What an
(2)反意疑問句The town government set upa new modern hospital for the farm- ers,_____?(2002)
A) does itB) doesn'titC) did itD) didn'tit
(3)賓語從句
He asked me____during the winter holidays.(2000)A)swheresI had gone B)swheresI had been C)swhereshad I gone D)swhereshad I been (4)單詞、詞組辨析
The manager___that the business would be worse after the stock (股票) went down.(2002)A) talked B) told C) said D) spoke
(5)不定式I have a lot of things___this weekend.(1999)A)doB) did C) doing D) to do
(6)冠詞The scientist from___United States live in___Ninth Street.(2002)A) the…the B)/…the C)/…/D) the…/
(7)代詞Miss Brown will teach___English next term.(2002)A)usB)weC) our D) ours
(8)不定代詞Students are usually interest-edin sports. Som e like running Som e like swimming___like ball gam es.(2001)A) the others B) others C) the other D) other
(9)數(shù)詞We'll have a___holiday. What about going to the West Lake?(2002)A) two days B) two - day C) two - days D) two - days'
(10)名詞Mr. Lin often gives us___by e - mail.(2000)A) som e good in- formation B) som e good informa- tions C) good informations D)a good information
(11)形容詞和副詞The little baby looks___(1999)A) lovely B) carefully C) heavily D) sadly
(12)介詞
If you are able to get the tickets tom orrow,please tell me___phone.(2002)A)atB)byC)onD) through
(13)情態(tài)動詞C ars,buses and bikes stop when the traffic lights change to red.(2002)A) can B) may C) must D) need
(14)連詞Bob spends a lot of money on books___he is not rich.(2002)
A)ifB) though C) when D) because。
同學們在做選擇題時一定要仔細審題,閱讀完整道題后再落筆。逐一分析四個選項,比較異同,切忌瞎猜。
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