A,由that 引導(dǎo)的陳述句性的賓語從句,在很多動(dòng)詞如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等動(dòng)詞后。連詞that只起連接作用,在從句中不做句子的成分,也無詞匯意義,在口語中常被省略,但在大多數(shù)情況下還是以不省為好,特別是在筆語中。
例:I told him that he was wrong.
l在think,believe, suppose, expect等動(dòng)詞引起的賓語從句中,有時(shí)謂語盡管是否定意義,卻不用否定形式,而將think 等動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问健?/p>
例:I don’t think you are right. (我認(rèn)為你做的不對(duì))
l在許多帶有復(fù)合賓語的句子中,that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式賓語。
例:We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我認(rèn)為他向每一個(gè)人撒謊是錯(cuò)誤的)
B,由連詞if、 whether 引導(dǎo)的表示“是否…”的賓語從句。Whether,if 在從句中不做句子的成分,一般情況下,whether和if 可以替換。
例:I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.
l在介詞后面的賓語從句中不用if引導(dǎo)
例:Everything depends on whether we have enough money。
l賓語從句中有or not時(shí)不用if引導(dǎo).
例:I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
l和不定式連用作賓語時(shí)不用if引導(dǎo).
例:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
C,由wh引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。連接代詞who,whom,whose, what, which,和連接副詞when, where, why, how 等連接的賓語從句,它們?cè)诰渲屑从羞B接從句的作用,又在句中充當(dāng)句子的成分。
例:Do you know which film they are talking about (which做定語)
I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地點(diǎn)狀語)
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