高考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn):名詞性從句易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)剖析

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  高考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn):名詞性從句中的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
  (一) that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句
  定語(yǔ)從句與前面的的名詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系,“……的名詞”,而同位語(yǔ)從句是用來(lái)說(shuō)明前面名詞的內(nèi)容。與that從句同位的名詞必須是一些表示事實(shí)或概念的抽象名詞,如fact,news,belief,truth,reply等。That在定語(yǔ)從句中必須作成分,可用which或who/whom代替,而that在同位語(yǔ)從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分,只起連接作用。如:
 、貯long with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas. ②Do you still remember the chicken farm that we visited three months ago.
  解析:在句①中,that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句解釋說(shuō)明promise的內(nèi)容,that不充當(dāng)任何句子成分,只起連接作用,而在句②中,that在其引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中作動(dòng)詞visited的賓語(yǔ),對(duì)先行詞the chicken farm起修飾作用。
  感悟:學(xué)生之所以在這一點(diǎn)上容易出錯(cuò),主要還是因?yàn)閷?duì)定語(yǔ)從句的理解不夠深刻,分辨不出that在從句中是否充當(dāng)了句子成分,因此,還需在句子分析上下功夫,并且搞清何謂同位語(yǔ)從句。
  (二) 名詞性從句中,關(guān)于it作形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
  1. 名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí),為保持句子平衡,常用it作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)。如:
  It’s a pity that he don’t come to give a speech.(形式主語(yǔ))
  We think it possible that you can finish the job today.(形式賓語(yǔ))
  2)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 appreciate, dislike, hate, like, love, make等接由if或when 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)往往在從句前加上形式賓語(yǔ)it. 例如:I would appreciate it if you could come to my birthday party.
  3)動(dòng)詞hare, take, hide, punish, put等,后接由that 引導(dǎo)的病因從句式,往往在從句前加形式賓語(yǔ)it.
  例如:① I take it that you will be leaving Shanghai soon.
  ② we punished it that we had finished the project ahead of time.
  4)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞answer for, count on depend on, insist on, see to等后接有that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),必須冠以形式賓語(yǔ)it.
  例如:① I’m counting on it that you will come.
  ② She’ll see to it that he goes ahead.
  注:作形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只能用it.


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