高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作原則

編輯: 逍遙路 關(guān)鍵詞: 高考復(fù)習(xí) 來(lái)源: 高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)

  一、長(zhǎng)短句原則

  寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)作文時(shí),有長(zhǎng)句,也要有短句。在文章第一段(開(kāi)頭)用一長(zhǎng)一短,且先長(zhǎng)后短;在文章主體部分,要先用一個(gè)短句解釋主要意思,然后在闡述幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)的時(shí)候采用先短后長(zhǎng)的句群形式,定會(huì)讓主體部分妙筆生輝!文章結(jié)尾一般用一長(zhǎng)一短就可以了。寫(xiě)一個(gè)短小精辟的句子可以起到畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛的作用。而且如果我們把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主題:

  For example:

  As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.

  二、主題句原則

  寫(xiě)作文時(shí)一定要寫(xiě)一個(gè)主題句,放在文章的開(kāi)頭(保險(xiǎn)型)或者結(jié)尾,讓讀者一目了然,隱藏主體句是不可取的。

  For example:

  To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主題句).

  Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

  三、一二三原則

  寫(xiě)文章必然要通過(guò)一些關(guān)鍵性的“標(biāo)簽”來(lái)判定你的文章是否結(jié)構(gòu)清楚,條理自然。方法很簡(jiǎn)單,只要把下面任何一組的詞匯加入到你的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)前就清楚了。不僅僅在寫(xiě)作中注意,平時(shí)說(shuō)話的時(shí)候也應(yīng)該條理清楚!

  1)first, second, third, last(不推薦,原因:俗)

  2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推薦,原因:俗)

  3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推薦,原因:俗)

  4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推薦,原因:俗)

  5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(強(qiáng)烈推薦)

  6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(強(qiáng)烈推薦)

  7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(強(qiáng)烈推薦)

  8)most important of all, moreover, finally

  9)on the one hand, on the other hand(適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況)

  10)for one thing, for another thing(適用于兩點(diǎn)的情況)

  四、短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先原則

  寫(xiě)作時(shí),尤其是在考試時(shí),如果使用短語(yǔ),有兩個(gè)好處:其一、用短語(yǔ)會(huì)使文章增加亮點(diǎn),如果老師們看到你的文章太簡(jiǎn)單,看不到一個(gè)自己不認(rèn)識(shí)的短語(yǔ),必然會(huì)看你低一等。相反,如果發(fā)現(xiàn)亮點(diǎn)?精彩的短語(yǔ),那么你的文章定會(huì)得高分了。其二、關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻思維短路,只有湊字?jǐn)?shù),怎么辦?用短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)辦法!

  For example:

  I cannot bear it.

  可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá):I cannot put up with it.

  I want it.

  可以用短語(yǔ)表達(dá):I am looking forward to it.

  這樣字?jǐn)?shù)明顯增加,表達(dá)也更準(zhǔn)確。

  五、多實(shí)少虛原則

  寫(xiě)文章應(yīng)該寫(xiě)一些實(shí)際的東西,不要空話連篇。這就要求一定要多用實(shí)詞,少用虛詞。這里所說(shuō)的虛詞就是指那些比較大的詞。比如我們說(shuō)很好的時(shí)候,不應(yīng)該只說(shuō)nice這樣空洞的詞,應(yīng)該使用一些諸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之類(lèi)的形象詞。再比如:

  走出房間,general的詞是:walk out of the room

  但是小偷走出房間應(yīng)該說(shuō):slip out of the room

  小姐走出房間應(yīng)該說(shuō):sail out of the room

  小孩走出房間應(yīng)該說(shuō):dance out of the room

  老人走出房間應(yīng)該說(shuō):stagger out of the room

  所以多用實(shí)詞,少用虛詞,文章將會(huì)大放異彩!

  六、多變句式原則

  1)加法(串聯(lián))

  都希望寫(xiě)下很長(zhǎng)的句子,像個(gè)老外似的,可就是怕寫(xiě)錯(cuò),怎么辦,最保險(xiǎn)的寫(xiě)長(zhǎng)句的方法就是在任何句子之間加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后關(guān)系或者并列關(guān)系。

  比如說(shuō): I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的,我們可以用一個(gè)超級(jí)句式:Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短語(yǔ)可以用:besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

  2)轉(zhuǎn)折(拐彎抹角)

  寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候,在要點(diǎn)之前先寫(xiě)點(diǎn)別的,注意二者之間的聯(lián)系就夠了。

  For example:

  The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.

  The coat was thin, but it was warm.

  更多的短語(yǔ):despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, not with standing

  3)因果(so, so, so)

  講故事的時(shí)候要追求先后順序,先什么,后什么,所以然后這個(gè)詞就變得很常見(jiàn)了。其實(shí)這個(gè)詞表示的是先后或因果關(guān)系!

  The snow began to fall, so we went home.

  更多短語(yǔ):then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

  4)失衡句(頭重腳輕,或者頭輕腳重)

  文章中如果出現(xiàn)這樣的句子,就更會(huì)讓考官看到你的句子與眾不同。其實(shí)就是主語(yǔ)從句,表語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句的變形。

  舉例:This is what I can do.

  Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.

  同樣主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)可以改成如下的復(fù)雜成分:

  When to go, Why he goes away…

  5)附加(多此一舉)

  在寫(xiě)作時(shí),用上定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句或者是插入語(yǔ),效果會(huì)更好。

  The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.

  I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.

  Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.

  其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單,同位語(yǔ)要解釋的東西刪除后不影響整個(gè)句子的構(gòu)成;定語(yǔ)從句?借用之前的關(guān)鍵詞并且用其重新組成一個(gè)句子插入其中,但是whom or that 關(guān)鍵詞必須要緊跟在先行詞之前。

  6)排比(排山倒海句)

  文學(xué)作品中最吸引人的地方莫過(guò)于此,引用一個(gè)個(gè)的排比句,一個(gè)個(gè)得對(duì)偶句,一個(gè)個(gè)的不定式,一個(gè)個(gè)地詞,一個(gè)個(gè)的短語(yǔ),如此表達(dá)將會(huì)使文章有排山倒海之勢(shì)!

  Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.

  Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.

  We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (氣勢(shì)恢宏)

  要想寫(xiě)出如此氣勢(shì)恢宏的句子非用排比不可!

  七、挑戰(zhàn)極限原則

  既然是挑戰(zhàn)極限,必然是比較難的,但是并非不可攀!

  原理:在學(xué)生的文章中,很少發(fā)現(xiàn)諸如獨(dú)立主格的句子,其實(shí)也很簡(jiǎn)單,只要花上5分鐘的時(shí)間看看就可以領(lǐng)會(huì),它就是分詞的一種特殊形式,分詞要求主語(yǔ)一致,而獨(dú)立主格則不然。比如:

  The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

  Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.

 

 

相關(guān)信息:
2009高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作句型
高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作輔導(dǎo):注意記住和累積固定句型
高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作指南
金榜2008高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作素材超級(jí)資料包
本文來(lái)自:逍遙右腦記憶 http://yy-art.cn/gaokao/297744.html

相關(guān)閱讀:2019高考物理考點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè)分析