高三英語知識點(diǎn):動詞和動詞短語

編輯: 逍遙路 關(guān)鍵詞: 高三學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo) 來源: 高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)

【摘要】:高三的生活緊張而又忙碌,看似單調(diào)實(shí)則充實(shí),在學(xué)習(xí)上同學(xué)們只有不斷積累基礎(chǔ)知識和解題方法,用百倍的耐心和細(xì)心,才能更快的提高成績,并為今后的幾輪復(fù)習(xí)打好基礎(chǔ)。以下是小編帶來的“高考英語動詞和動詞短語”一文,希望大家喜歡。

高考英語動詞和動詞短語知識點(diǎn)如下:

一、動詞的用法

(一)實(shí)義動詞的用法實(shí)義動詞詞義完整,能獨(dú)立作謂語,可分成及物動詞和不及物動詞。

1.及物動詞后面必須跟賓語Mr. Smith gave——for her birthday.

史密斯先生給了他妻子20英鎊過生日。

We have friends all over the world我們的朋友遍天下。

Children and young people like_________________孩子和年輕人喜歡亮麗的顏色。

2.不及物動詞后面不跟賓語Most shops in Britain open at 9:00 a.mand close at5:00 0r 5:30 in the evening.

英國大部分商店上午九點(diǎn)開門,晚上五點(diǎn)或五點(diǎn)半關(guān)門。

George's father——.喬治的爸爸住在那里。

The examination ended at 11:30a.m.

考試于上午十一點(diǎn)半結(jié)束。

3.特殊實(shí)義動詞很多英語動詞既是及物動詞又是不及物動詞。如:

close, begin, study, leave, work等。-The post office closes at 9:00 n m.郵局晚上九點(diǎn)關(guān)門。

___ _,please.請關(guān)窗。

He_ ___ .他在一家超市工作。

She— on h40ndays.

她每星期一操作這臺機(jī)器。

(二)三種連系動詞的差異

連系動詞不能單獨(dú)充當(dāng)句子成分,必須和它后面的表語一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語部分。根據(jù)其意義,連系動詞的用法不盡相同,但按類型可以分。為以下三類:

1.以be為代表的,用來表示主語“特征”和“狀態(tài)”的動詞,有seem,look,appear,prove,sound,taste,smell,feel等。后面跟形容詞、分詞、介詞短語,有的還可以跟名詞、不定式或從句作表語。例如:

The food smells inviting.(現(xiàn)在分詞)Don't be excited.(過去分詞)He appeared to be frienclly to us.(不定式)You look pale What's、Nrong?(形容詞)Your solution proved(tc, be) effective.(不定式to be可省略)His voice sounds like tlnat of a wolf.(介詞短語)The book is of much value.(介詞短語)The meat tastes as if it has gone bad.(表語從句)I' seems that' am to blame for all this.(表語從句2.以become為代表的,用來描述主語變化的動詞,ge‘,com。,fall,go,grow,make,run,turn等。后面要跟形容詞或分詞作表語。become和turn的后面還可j跟名詞作表語。例如:

After graduation, he became a doctor in a middle-si;hospital.(名詞)Your dream will come true one day.(形容詞)Food goes bad easily in.summer.(形容詞)Truth never grows old.,(形容詞)rhey bave got accustomed tothe life here(過去分詞)比較:He became a wr;iter later.(有冠詞)He tumed writerr later.(無冠詞)注意:當(dāng)become的后面』跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式作表語時(shí),名詞的前面要加不定冠詞,tum后面的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不能加不定冠詞。

3-以keep為代表的,用來表示主語保持某種特征和狀態(tài)的動詞,有r emain,stay,continue。

keep后面主要跟形容詞、副詞和介詞短語。例如:

You must keep calm in an emergency.

Keep away from the fire, childrenWe will keep in touch with you.

.remaln后面主要跟名詞、形容詞、副詞、分詞、介詞短語和不定式to be。例如:

We must always remain modest in spite of what wehave achieved.

stay和contlnue后主要跟形容詞作表語。

The weather continued damp and wet.

(三)助動詞

助動詞指的是那些用來構(gòu)成疑問、否定以及多種時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)詞。如:be( am,1S,are,was,were,etc),have( has, had), do( does, did), will( would), shall( should),這些助動詞不能單獨(dú)作謂語,必須和主要動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語部分。

1.be用來構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、將來時(shí)態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。例如:

English is widely spoken all over the world;(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài))The problem (正在被討論)this morning.

(過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài))We are to hold the opening ceremony next week(將來時(shí),表示安排好的將來)2 have用來構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。例如:

They had lived there for ten years when I came.(過去完成時(shí))You have to write the composition again, for thercare SO many mistakes in it3.do用來構(gòu)成疑問句、陳述句,可以用在否定句、祈使句中加強(qiáng)語氣,可以用來替代前面出現(xiàn)的動詞,以避免重復(fù)。例如:

What did you think of the concert7(一般過去時(shí)的疑問句)They didn't accept my offer of help.(一般過去時(shí)的否定句) ’

The car did run very slowly, but it was faster than abike.(陳述句加強(qiáng)語氣)Do come early next time.(祈使句加強(qiáng)語氣)You don't adore football, but l do.(替代adore)He spent more time on English than he did on math.

(替代spent time)

4.will和shall用來構(gòu)成將來時(shí),可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑問句。shall只能用于第一人稱,will可以用于各種人稱。它們的過去式為should和would,用來構(gòu)成過去將來時(shí)。例如:

We shall look into the case Be patient.(一般將來時(shí))He will finish his job ahead of time.(一般將來時(shí))He asked me if I would attend his wedding party.(過去將來時(shí))

參考答案

一、動詞的用法

1. his wife twenty pounds; bright colors2. lives there3. Close the window; works in a supermarket; worksthe machine

(三)1. was being discussed

【總結(jié)】高考英語動詞和動詞短語知識點(diǎn)就為大家整理到這里了,希望大家在高三期間好好復(fù)習(xí),為高考做準(zhǔn)備,大家加油。

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