2012屆高考英語頂尖學(xué)案：大綱版
Unit 4 A garden of poems 詩的花園
核心詞匯
1．They have no ____________ (打算)of getting married at present.
2．We must make up an excuse for our ____________ (缺席)．
3．There is an ____________ (氣氛)of peace and calm in the country，quite different from that of a big city.
4．To my knowledge，there is no such _____________(習(xí)語)in English.
5．There was a prize for the best ____________()on Shakespeare in the city.
6．The doctor strongly ____________(建議)that he should take a holiday.
7．This text is long and difficult，so I can’t ____________(背誦) it.
8．He likes collecting stamps and has a ____________(收藏) of thousands of stamps.
9．用 translate 的適當(dāng)形式填空：
(1)The story was first written in English and later ________ into Chinese.
(2)Do you do a lot of ____________ in your language classes?
10．He is such a warm?hearted man that he contributes a great deal of money to the Hope Project.He has made great ____________ to the development of the Hope Project.(contribute)
1.intention 2.absence 3.atmosphere 4.idiom 5.essay 6.recommended 7.recite 8.collection 9.(1)translated (2)translation 10.contributions
高頻短語
1．_____________ 把……結(jié)合成一整體；裝配
2．_____________召喚；使人想起；調(diào)動(dòng)(力量、人員等)； 提出(議案等)；(給……)打電話
3．________________突出；顯眼；遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過某人(物)
4．______________ 照亮；使放光彩；點(diǎn)上(煙等)吸起
5．_______________ 出現(xiàn)；形成；產(chǎn)生
6．________________ 使某人到；要求將某物取或送到
7．________________ 為……作貢獻(xiàn)(或捐款)；
有助于……；
向……投稿
8．________________ 通過；穿過
9．________________ 陷入；落入；可分成
10．________________ 從……開始
1.put... together 2.call up 3.stand out 4.light up 5e into being 6.send for 7.contribute to 8.get through 9.fall into 10.start with
重點(diǎn)句式
1．____________，his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
他的作品一出版就因?yàn)樵诿恳恍性姷慕Y(jié)尾沒有韻腳而聞名。
2．_____________________the English Romantic poets.
英國(guó)浪漫主義詩人深受中國(guó)人的喜愛。
3．Besides，____________ well a poem is translated，something of the spirit of the original
work is lost.除此之外，無論一首詩翻譯得多好，原作中的某些精華也會(huì)消失。
4．That question ____________________ if we change the word poetry to songs.
如果我們把“詩”這個(gè)字眼換成歌曲，那個(gè)問題就不難回答了。
1.Once published 2.Greatly loved in China are 3.no matter how 4.is not difficult to answer
知識(shí)詳解
1.absence n． 不在；缺席；缺乏；沒有
【教材原句】(P28)Once published，his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
他的作品一出版就因?yàn)樵诿恳恍性姷慕Y(jié)尾沒有韻腳而聞名。
思維拓展
①(牛津P6)The decision was made in my absence/while I was not there.這個(gè)決定是我不在的時(shí)候作出的。
②(牛津P6)We did not receive any news during his long absence.我們?cè)谒L(zhǎng)期離開的時(shí)候沒有得到一點(diǎn)消息。
③John has been absent from school/work for three days no
約翰到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)曠/曠工3天了。
1．完成句子
(1)然而，在缺乏母語環(huán)境的情況下學(xué)習(xí)作為外語的英語相當(dāng)困難。
However，learning English as a foreign language is very difficult _____________ a native language environment.
答案：in the absence of
即境活用
(2)The reason why he ____________ (缺席) his best friend’s birthday party was that he had to look after his sick mother.
答案：was absent from
2.intention n． 意圖，目的，打算
【教材原句】(P25)Practise expressing intention
練習(xí)表達(dá)意圖
①(牛津P1063)He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa.他離開英格蘭，打算去非洲旅行。
②I have no intention of helping him after what he said to me.
聽了他對(duì)我說的話，我再也不想幫他了。
思維拓展
③As far as I know，the book is intended for children.
據(jù)我所知，這本書是為兒童寫的。
即境活用
2．完成句子
(1)她去巴黎是想學(xué)習(xí)法語。
She went to Paris ___________________ learning French.
答案：with the intention of
(2)這本詞典是給中學(xué)生用的。
This dictionary ____________ middle school students.
答案：is intended for
3.recommend vt. 推薦；推舉；勸告；忠告
【教材原句】(P32)Ask your teacher to recommend poems to you.讓你的老師推薦給你一些詩歌。
(1)推薦，推舉
①Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.
因此，我毫不猶豫地向你推薦我自己。
②(牛津P1658)I recommend the book to all my students.
我向我所有的學(xué)生推薦這本書。
(2)建議
③(2009年高考浙江卷)The doctor recommended that you shouldn’t swim after eating a large meal.
醫(yī)生建議你不應(yīng)該在飽餐之后游泳。
④(牛津P1658)It is strongly recommended that the machines should be checked every year.
建議每年一定把機(jī)器檢修一遍。
⑤(牛津P1659)He recommended reading the book before seeing the movie.他建議先看這本書，再去看這部電影。
3．(2010年高考福建卷)Teachers recommend parents ______their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
A．not allow B．do not allow
C．mustn’t allow D．couldn’t allow
即境活用
解析：選A。句意：為了安全起見，老師建議家長(zhǎng)不要讓12歲以下的孩子騎自行車上學(xué)。本題考查虛擬語氣用法。recommend，suggest，insist，order，request，advise 等表“建議、命令、要求”等意思的動(dòng)詞，后接賓語從句時(shí)，賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用“should＋動(dòng)詞原
形”，should 可以省略。
4.contribute vt.& vi. 捐助；捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；投稿
【教材原句】(P32)Collect your favourite poems in a notebook and ask your friends to contribute to it.
把你喜愛的詩歌收集在筆記本里并讓你的朋友投稿。
(1)vt.捐款，捐助
①He contributed a lot of money to the Hope Project.
他捐很多錢給希望工程。
(2)vt.&vi.投稿
②He contributes regularly to that magazine.
他定期給那家雜志投稿。
(3)vt.提供(時(shí)間，精力等)；提出
③The volunteers contribute huge amounts of their own time to the project.志愿者把自己大量的時(shí)間花在了這個(gè)上。
(4)vi.對(duì)……有貢獻(xiàn)，有助于……
④A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.
適度的運(yùn)動(dòng)有益健康。
思維拓展
⑤The invention made a major contribution to road safety.
這項(xiàng)發(fā)明對(duì)道路安全做出了卓越貢獻(xiàn)。
【溫馨提示】 contribute 和 contribution 后面的 to 都是介詞。
【高效記憶】
⑥any people contributed money to the Hope Project，which contributed to many children returning to school.A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a newspaper.
好多人給希望工程捐錢，使許多孩子可以重返校園。一位作家寫了一篇關(guān)于此事的故事并把它投到報(bào)社。
4．Take care during the holidays！Drinking too much can____________heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
A．contribute to B．relate to
C．a(chǎn)ttend to D．devote to
即境活用
解析：選A。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。contribute to導(dǎo)致；引起；relate to與……有關(guān)；attend to注意聽；專心；招待；devote...to致力于。句意：假期要注意！飲酒太多會(huì)引起心臟病和導(dǎo)致高血壓。故A項(xiàng)正確。
5.call up
【教材原句】(P27)Poetry also calls up all the colours，feelings，experiences and curious images of a dream world.
詩歌還能喚起夢(mèng)幻世界的一切色彩、感情、經(jīng)歷和各種奇特的意象。
(1)使人想起，使回憶起
①That picture calls up memories of a holiday I had as a child.
那張照片使我回憶起兒時(shí)假期的情景。
(2)打電話
②I tried to call you up last night，but no one answered the phone.我昨晚曾打電話給你，但沒人接。
(3)召集，征召……入伍
③When the war broke out, they were at once called up.
戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)一爆發(fā)，他們立即就被征召入伍了。
思維拓展
④(朗P271)The game was called off due to heavy rain.
比賽因下大雨被取消。
⑤He is not fit for the job because it calls for patience.
他不適合這項(xiàng)工作，因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)工作需要耐心。
【高效記憶】
5．As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain，the visit to the village________scenes of my childhood.
A．called up B．called for
C．called on D．called in
解析：選A。此題考查call的相關(guān)詞組的區(qū)別。句意：因?yàn)槲以谝粋�(gè)腳的小村長(zhǎng)大，對(duì)這個(gè)小村子的訪問使我想起了我童年的情形。call up表示“使人想起”。
即境活用
6.Your letter________the days________we worked together on the farms fifteen years ago.
A．calls up；which B．calls in；when
C．calls up；when D．calls in; that
解析：選C。句意為：“你的信使我回憶起15年前我們一起在農(nóng)場(chǎng)工作的日子”。
6.stand out 顯眼，突出，杰出
【教材原句】(P27)Poems by Du Fu，Li Bai and Wang Wei among others stand out in the halls of glory.
杜甫、李白、王維以及其他詩人的詩詞兀立在榮光寶殿之上。
①(朗P2004)We want the picture on the cover of the newspaper to stand out.
我們想要報(bào)紙封面的照片醒目突出。
②(牛津P1962)She is the sort of person who stands out in a crowd.她是那種在人群中很顯眼的人。
思維拓展
③(朗P2004)They will not stand by and let you take away their homes.
他們不會(huì)袖手旁觀，聽任你們奪走他們的家園。
7．Though many actresses applied for the role in the film，only Lucy________and realized her dream.
A．gave out B．went out
C．stood out D．came out
解析：選C。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。結(jié)合上下的意思，應(yīng)該選stand out(突出，顯眼，出色)。give out分發(fā)，用盡；go out出去，倒塌；come out出現(xiàn)，真相大白。
即境活用
8.Our country will________in the world for its great achievements in economy，sports，space，technology and so on.
A．stand up B．stand out
C．rise up D．rise out
解析：選B。stand out表示“突出”；stand up
意為“起立，經(jīng)得起”；rise up意為“起義，反抗”。
句型梳理
1.【教材原句】 (P28)Once published，his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.
他的作品一出版就因?yàn)樵诿恳恍性姷慕Y(jié)尾沒有韻腳而聞名。
【句法分析】 此處Once published 為狀語從句，是Once it was published 的省略形式。
當(dāng)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致時(shí)，或當(dāng)從句的主語是it (謂語含有be)時(shí)，�？梢允∪木涞闹髡Z和謂語的一部分。
狀語從句主要有以下六種省略形式：
(1)從屬連詞＋形容詞
①I’ll buy a computer if (it is) necessary.
若有必要，我就買一臺(tái)電腦。
(2)從屬連詞＋名詞
②While (he was) yet a youth，he gained many prizes.
他年輕時(shí)就獲得過許多獎(jiǎng)。
(3)從屬連詞＋介詞短語
③He looked everywhere as if(he was) in search of something.他到處打量好像在尋找什么東西。
(4)從屬連詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞
④While (I was) walking along the street，I heard my name called.當(dāng)我正在沿著大街走路時(shí)，聽見有人叫我的名字。
(5)從屬連詞＋過去分詞
⑤Unless (it is) repaired，the machine is of no use.
這臺(tái)機(jī)器若不修便沒用了。
(6)連詞(as if，as though)＋不定式
⑥He opened his lips as if (he were) to speak.
他張了張嘴好像要說話。
9．(2010年高考浙江卷)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise，if____________regularly，can improve our health.
A．being carried out B．carrying out
C．carried out D．to carry out
即境活用
解析：選C。句意：試驗(yàn)表明，如果有規(guī)律地進(jìn)行適量的鍛煉，就能夠提高身體健康狀況。首先，if carried out＝if it is carried out ，依句意可知it ＝proper amounts of exercise，與 carry out 構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞表被動(dòng)含義。而 being carried out 意為：正在被開展；carrying out 與 to carry out 表主動(dòng)含義，所以C項(xiàng)正確。
2.【教材原句】 (P28)Greatly loved in China are the English Romantic poets.
在中國(guó)深受喜愛的是英國(guó)的浪漫主義詩人。
【句法分析】 為表示強(qiáng)調(diào)和保持句子平衡，此句采用了倒裝句式，將表語置于句首，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“表語＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語”。
(1)形容詞＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語
①Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.
到會(huì)的有懷特教授、史密斯教授以及許多其他客人。
(2)過去分詞＋連系動(dòng)詞＋主語
②Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.
他們能夠?qū)χ袊?guó)人民為所欲為的日子一去不復(fù)返了。
(3)介詞短語＋be＋主語
③Among the goods are Christmas trees，flowers，candles，turkeys and toys.
貨品中有圣誕樹、花卉、蠟燭、火雞和玩具。
10.(2010年高考陜西卷)John opened the door.There____________he had never seen before.
A．a(chǎn) girl did stand B．a(chǎn) girl stood
C．did a girl stand D．stood a girl
解析：選D。句意：約翰打開門，那里站著一個(gè)他從未見過的姑娘。本題考查倒裝句型。當(dāng) there，here，away，down 等副詞置于句首且主語為名詞時(shí)，要用完全倒裝形式。所以D選項(xiàng)正確。
即境活用
11.(2010年高考江西卷)Not until he left his home______to know how important the family was for him.
A．did he begin B．had he begun
C．he began D．he had begun
解析：選A。句意：直到離開家他才開始了解家對(duì)他說多么重要。本題考查倒裝句。 not until 置于句首，主句要部分倒裝，排除C、D兩項(xiàng)；又根據(jù)句意得知 begin 需用過去時(shí)，但發(fā)生在 leave 之后，故排除B項(xiàng)。
3.【教材原句】 (P31)Given more time，we would be able to do the work much better.
如果給更多的時(shí)間，我們工作會(huì)做得更好。
【句法分析】 Given more time＝If we were given more time，句子的主語we和give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。此處為過去分詞作狀語。
①Given enough care，the tree would not die.
如果給予足夠的照顧，小樹就不會(huì)死亡。
②Given more time，I’ll catch up with you.
如果有更多的時(shí)間，我會(huì)趕上你們的。
③Driven by a greater demand for vegetables，farmers have built more green houses.由于受到更大的蔬菜量需求的推動(dòng)，農(nóng)民修建了更多的溫室。
12．(2010年高考陜西卷)__________from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A．Seen B．Seeing
C．Having seen D．To see
即境活用
解析：選A。句意：從塔頂往下看，南邊的腳下是一片樹的海洋。本題考查分詞作狀語。分詞作狀語，其邏輯主語與句子主語一致。主語 the south foot of the mountain 與 see 在邏輯上為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)表被動(dòng)。
13．(2009年高考四川卷)________many times，he finally understood it.
A．Told B．Telling
C．Having told D．Having been told
解析：選D�？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。句意：他被告知了好多次，最后他終于懂了。句子主語是he，he與動(dòng)詞tell 之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且動(dòng)作有先后順序。
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