2012屆高考英語(yǔ)頂尖學(xué)案：大綱版
Unit 3 Art and architecture 藝術(shù)與建筑
核心詞匯
1．David Beckham likes to change his hair_____________ (式樣)frequently.
2．It has been terribly hot recently，I can hardly ____________(忍受)it.
3．During the course of the socialist______________
(建設(shè))，we’re sure to meet with all kinds of difficulties but we’ll surely overcome them.
4．Some articles of ____________(家具) were lost when we moved.
5．With the _____________(發(fā)展)of modern agriculture，farmers are leading a better life.
6．y son likes to describe his _____________
(荒誕的) dreams to me.
7．We will go to the ____________(體育場(chǎng)) to watch a football match.
8．The more help a man has in his garden，the less it __________(屬于) to him.
9．I ____________ my English classes to other classes，that is because my English teacher should not show ____________ for any one of his pupils.(prefer)
10．y house is in a ____________ place，near the station，please come to me at your earliest convenience.(conveniently)
1.style 2.stand 3. construction 4.furniture 5.development 6.fantastic 7.stadium 8.belongs 9.prefer preference 10.convenient
高頻短語(yǔ)
1．_________________ 充當(dāng)，扮演；擔(dān)當(dāng)
2．________________ 用……裝滿
3．________________ 屬于；是……成員
4．________________ 把……置于一旁；留出；撥出
5．________________ 拆毀；摧毀
6．________________ 用……裝飾
7．________________ 與……相比較
8．________________ 提醒某人某事，使某人想起某事
9．________________ 違背；違反
10．________________ 與……分享/分擔(dān)……
11．________________ 靠近；接近
1.act as 2.fill up with 3.belong to 4.set aside 5.pull down 6.be decorated with 7pare with 8.remind sb.of 9.go against 10.share...with 11.stand close to
重點(diǎn)句式
1．What words and phrases ____________ will be useful when you want to talk about art and architecture?
當(dāng)你想談?wù)撍囆g(shù)和建筑時(shí)，你認(rèn)為什么詞及短語(yǔ)是有用的？
2．When you look around at buildings，streets，squares and parks，you will ______________________ in different styles.
當(dāng)你環(huán)顧周?chē)慕ㄖ�、街道、廣場(chǎng)和公園時(shí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們是用不同的風(fēng)格設(shè)計(jì)、規(guī)劃和建造起的。
3．____________ he used traditional materials，Gaudi was a modern architect.
盡管高迪使用傳統(tǒng)，他仍是一位現(xiàn)代建筑家。
4．A nest______________a bird ____________ a house ____________ a man.鳥(niǎo)巢之于鳥(niǎo)就如同房子之于人一樣。
1.do you think 2.find them designed，planned and built 3.Despite the fact that 4.is to；what；is to
知識(shí)詳解
1.design vt.& n． 設(shè)計(jì)；
【教材原句】(P17)If you were free to design your own dream house，what would that house look like？假如讓你自己設(shè)計(jì)你夢(mèng)想中的房子，它會(huì)是什么樣子？
(1)vt.設(shè)計(jì)；
①(牛津P540)The programme is designed to help people who have been out of work for a long time.
這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的目的是為長(zhǎng)期失業(yè)者提供幫助。
②We have designed all our bank cards to make your life easier.
我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)的所有銀行卡都可以讓你的生活更加便捷。
(2)n.設(shè)計(jì)；計(jì)劃；意圖
③Whether this happened by design or not we shall never kno我們將永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法得知這事是不是有意安排的。
1．完成句子
(1)這些鍛煉活動(dòng)是為了增強(qiáng)肌肉力量而設(shè)計(jì)的。
These exercises ________________develop and strengthen muscles.
答案：are designed to
(2)這些書(shū)是為中學(xué)生編寫(xiě)的。
These books ______________middle school students.
答案：are designed for
即境活用
2.convenient adj. 方便的；近便的
【教材原句】(P18)It is also convenient to live close to your work.在離你上班近的地方居住對(duì)你說(shuō)也很方便。
①(牛津P436)A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in towns.在城鎮(zhèn)騎自行車(chē)常常比開(kāi)車(chē)更方便。
②What time would it be convenient for me to come round?
我什么時(shí)候過(guò)您方便呢？
③Come and see me whenever it is convenient to you.
請(qǐng)?jiān)谀惴奖愕臅r(shí)候看望我。
思維拓展
④(牛津P436)We have provided seats for the convenience of our customers.為了方便顧客我們備有座位。
⑤(牛津P436)Can you telephone me at your convenience to arrange a meeting.
你能不能在你方便時(shí)給我打個(gè)電話，安排見(jiàn)一次面？
即境活用
2．Would it be________for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport?
A．free B．vacant
C．handy D．convenient
解析：選D。句意：四點(diǎn)鐘接我并把我送到機(jī)場(chǎng)，你方便嗎？It is convenient for sb. to do sth.某人做某事很方便。
3.If it is quite________to you，I will visit you next Tuesday.
A．convenient B．fair
C．easy D．comfortable
解析：選A。此題考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你方便的話，我將在下周二拜訪你。fair公平的；easy容易的；comfortable舒適的。
3.stand vt. 忍受；經(jīng)受；承擔(dān)
【教材原句】(P20)Both in the choice of materials and shape of buildings ，ancient architecture stands much closer to nature.
從選材和建筑物的式樣方面，古代的建筑與大自然非常接近。
(1)vt.忍受，忍耐；承擔(dān)，經(jīng)受
stand the test of time 經(jīng)受時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)
stand (doing)sth.忍耐(做)某事；忍受(做)某事
①(朗P2002)How can you stand letting her talk to you like that?
你怎么能容忍她那樣對(duì)你說(shuō)話？
②I can’t stand the hot weather there.
我受不了那兒的炎熱天氣。
③Which songs from the last year will stand the test of time?
去年有哪些歌將經(jīng)受住時(shí)間的考驗(yàn)?zāi)兀?br />【溫馨提示】 stand 作“忍受”講時(shí)，多用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)不喜歡，不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，常和can/could 連用，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，類(lèi)似詞put up with，bear，tolerate 等。
(2)vi.處于……狀態(tài)，情況如何
④The door stood open.門(mén)開(kāi)著。
⑤We stood in a terrible financial crisis.
我們處在可怕的財(cái)政危機(jī)中。
(3)vi.坐落；屹立
⑥The house stands at the top of the hill.
這座房子坐落在小頂上。
【高效記憶】
4．I want to leave noI can’t________nothing useful here.
A．stand to do B．stand doing
C．stand being done D．stand to be doing
解析：選B。stand作“忍受”解時(shí)，后可跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的ing形式；I是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，因此，do必須用主動(dòng)形式。
即境活用
4.impress vt. 銘刻，給……極深的印象；使感動(dòng)
【教材原句】(P19)odern buildings impress us because they are huge，but many people do not find them beautiful.
現(xiàn)代建筑物因?yàn)閷挸ńo我們留下印象，但是許多人并不覺(jué)得他們美。
impress sth.on/upon sb.
使某人銘記某物；使某人深深意識(shí)到某物
impress sth./itself on one’s mind/memory 使銘記
impress sb.with/by sth.給某人深刻印象；使某人欽佩而起敬
be impressed on one’s mind memory 被印在腦海里
①Father impressed on me the value of hard work.
(＝Father impressed me with the value of hard work.)
父親對(duì)我強(qiáng)調(diào)努力工作的重要意義。
②(牛津P1026)Her words impressed themselves on my memory.
她的話語(yǔ)我銘記在心里。
③I was deeply impressed by/at/with his speech.
他的演說(shuō)給我留下了深刻的印象。
思維拓展
impression n.印象；感覺(jué)have/leave/make/create a(n)...impression on sb.,給某人留下……的印象
④(牛津P1026)I did not get the impression that they were unhappy about the situation.
我并不覺(jué)得他們不滿于當(dāng)時(shí)的狀況。
⑤The headmaster made a good impression on the parents.
校長(zhǎng)給家長(zhǎng)們留下了很好的印象。
5．All the athletes from all over the world tried their best to make a good ________on the audience in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A．idea B．effect
C．opinion D．impression
解析：選D。idea 想法，主意；effect 效果；opinion 觀點(diǎn)；impression 印象。make a good impression on sb.給某人留下良好的印象。
即境活用
6.He________all the people present that day with his great courage.
A．impressed B．reminded
C．ordered D．brought
解析：選A。句意：他極大的勇氣讓在場(chǎng)的所有人記住了他。impress sb.with sth.給某人深刻印象。
5.set aside
【教材原句】(P23)The simple style of the buildings and the fact that they are German set them aside as very different from Chinese architecture.
建筑物簡(jiǎn)樸的風(fēng)格和德國(guó)式樣使他們?cè)谥袊?guó)建筑中與眾不同。
(1)撥出，存蓄，留出
①(牛津P1823)She tries to set aside some money every month.
她每個(gè)月都盡量存點(diǎn)錢(qián)。
(2)(暫時(shí))把……放在一邊
②(牛津P1823)Let’s set aside my personal feelings for no
目前咱們就不顧及我們的個(gè)人感情了。
③He set aside his book and lit a cigarette.
他把書(shū)放在一旁，點(diǎn)了一支香煙。
思維拓展
④What time will we have to set off for the station tomorrow?
我們明天得在什么時(shí)候出發(fā)去車(chē)站？
⑤For all three years I have been working for others.I’m hoping I’ll set up my own business someday.
三年我一直為他人工作。我希望有一天我能建立起自己的事業(yè)。
7.People are often advised to________some money for their old age.
A．pick up B．set aside
C．put off D．give away
解析：選B。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：人們經(jīng)常被建議要留出(積蓄)一些錢(qián)以備養(yǎng)老。set aside留出，此句中也可用lay aside或put aside。pick up拾起；學(xué)會(huì)；搭車(chē)；恢復(fù)；加速；put off推遲；give away送掉；分發(fā)；放棄；泄露；出賣(mài)。這三個(gè)詞與句意不符。
即境活用
8.(2011年武漢模擬)Try to________a few hours each week for exercise.
A．put away
B．take away
C．pick up
D．set aside
解析：選D。句意：嘗試著每周留出幾個(gè)小時(shí)做運(yùn)動(dòng)。set aside有“留出，空出”之意。
6.belong to 屬于
【教材原句】(P21)What other materials belong to these groups?
其他的什么屬于這些小組？
①(牛津P168)Who does this watch belong to?
這塊手表是誰(shuí)的？
②China is a country belonging to the Third World.
中國(guó)是一個(gè)屬于第三世界的國(guó)家。
③The future belongs to you，young men.
年輕人，未是屬于你們的。
④Put it back where it belongs after you have read it.
讀完后，請(qǐng)你把它放回原處。
9．(2009年高考重慶卷)Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future_____________to the well?educated.
A．belongs B．is belonged
C．is belonging D．will be belonged
解析：選A。句意：Williams 教授不斷告誡他的學(xué)生們未屬于受過(guò)良好教育的人。belong to 沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式，故B和D兩項(xiàng)被排除；C項(xiàng)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)不符合句意，故A項(xiàng)正確。
句型梳理
1. 【教材原句】 (P19)When you look around at buildings，streets，squares and parks，you will find them designed，planned and built in different styles.
當(dāng)你環(huán)顧周?chē)慕ㄖ⒔值�、廣場(chǎng)和公園時(shí)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們是用不同的風(fēng)格設(shè)計(jì)、規(guī)劃和建造起的。
【句法分析】 在此句中designed，planned與built分別是三個(gè)過(guò)去分詞用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
see，hear，watch，feel，think，find，want，like等動(dòng)詞，可以跟過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
①Soon you will find many problems settled in this way.
不久你就會(huì)看到許多問(wèn)題就這么被解決了。
②Never have I seen the play performed so well.
我還從未看見(jiàn)過(guò)這個(gè)戲劇被表演得這么好。
③Tom was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.
湯姆因?yàn)樽约旱慕ㄗh遭到拒絕而感到很失望。
10．A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending，but the reader must not be left ________.
A．unsatisfied B．unsatisfying
C．to be unsatisfying D．being unsatisfied
即境活用
解析：選A。本題考查“l(fā)eave＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”。分詞和不定式都可作該結(jié)構(gòu)的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，但據(jù)題意此處應(yīng)為“不滿意的”，故應(yīng)用unsatisfied作賓補(bǔ)。
2.【教材原句】 (P21)A nest is to a bird what a house is to a man.
鳥(niǎo)巢之于鳥(niǎo)就如同房子之于人一樣。
【句法分析】 A is to B what C is to D.
A對(duì)B而言正如C對(duì)D一樣。
①Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.
讀書(shū)對(duì)于思想就如同運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)于身體一樣。
②A net is to a fisherman what a gun is to a hunter.
漁網(wǎng)對(duì)于漁夫的重要性正如槍對(duì)獵人的重要性一樣。
11．Engines are to machines ________ hearts are to animals.
A．a(chǎn)s B．that
C．what D．which
解析：選C。句意為“發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)于機(jī)器正如心臟對(duì)于動(dòng)物一樣”。該句式是一個(gè)固定句型，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是“A is to B what C is to D”。
即境活用
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