Unit 1 Friendship
I．課堂同步講練
1.—You look unhappy.Why?
—I’m always________when I don’t get any mail.
A．confused B．fearful
C．upset D．Doubtful
解析： 考查形容詞辨析。upset此處用做形容詞，意為“心煩意亂的”。答語意為：我接不到任何郵件時總是心煩意亂。confused困惑的；fearful害怕的，可怕的；doubtful懷疑的，不肯定的。
答案： C
calm vt.& vi.(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定；adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的
教材原句P1：You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet and calm your friend down.
你不理會上課鈴，而是去安靜的地方安慰你的朋友。
stay/keep/be calm保持鎮(zhèn)靜
calm down (使某人)平靜下來，鎮(zhèn)靜下來
①The baby was crying and the mother was trying her best to calm him.嬰兒在哭，媽媽盡力使他安靜下來。
②Calm down.There is nothing to worry about!
安靜下來吧，沒有什么可擔(dān)憂的。
③He kept calm in face of great danger.
面臨巨大危險，他還是保持鎮(zhèn)靜。
辨析：calm，quiet，still與silent
calm平靜的；沉著的，特指人的情緒，有時也指(海、湖、河)水和天氣等風(fēng)平浪靜；
quiet安靜的；寧靜的；指無噪音、吵鬧或心境平靜；
still靜止的、不動的，指沒有運(yùn)動的一種狀態(tài)；
silent寂靜的、不出聲的；不發(fā)表意見的，指無聲或不講話。
2.用calm，quiet，still與silent：
(1)The students were ________when the teacher came into the classroom.
(2)When I asked her where she had put the dictionary，she kept________.
(3)Although she was frightened，she answered in a ________voice.
(4)Please keep________while I take photograph of you.
答案： (1)quiet (2)silent (3)calm (4)still
concern vt.(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到；n.擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系
教材原句P1：You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.
告訴你的朋友你關(guān)心他/她，下課后你們就見面談?wù)劇?br />①As far as I am concerned，I am quite satisfied with the result of the exam.就我而言我對這次考試結(jié)果相當(dāng)滿意。
②If you are concerned in the accident，you’d better have a talk with our teacher.
如果你與這個事故有關(guān)的話，你最好去找我們的老師談?wù)劇?br />③How much money I earn is none of your concern.
我掙多少錢不關(guān)你的事。
④The Party showed great concern for the people in the flooded areas.黨對災(zāi)區(qū)的人民非常關(guān)心。
3.What the public is ________ about is whether medical workers and scientists will be able to find a cure for the new disease in a short time.
A．concerning B．concern
C．concerned D．to concern
解析： 句意為：公眾關(guān)心的是醫(yī)療工作者和科學(xué)家們是否能在短期內(nèi)找到治療這種新疾病的方法。be concerned about擔(dān)心，關(guān)心；concerning為介詞，意為“關(guān)于”，與題意不符。
答案： C
4．In recent years________global warming is becoming________concern for people all over the world.
A．the；the B．/；/
C．/；a D．the；/
解析： 考查冠詞。第一空是修飾抽象名詞global warming，因此不用冠詞；第二空的concern在這里表示一個具體含義“重要或擔(dān)心的事物”，前面用不定冠詞a表泛指。
答案： C
add vt.& vi.增加；添加；補(bǔ)充說
教材原句P1：Add up your score and see how many points you get.把你的分?jǐn)?shù)加起來看看你能得多少分。
add sth.up把……加起來
add sth.to sth.把……加到/進(jìn)……里
add that...補(bǔ)充說……
add up to加起來共計/達(dá)(不用于被動語態(tài))
add to增加；增添
①The bad weather adds to our difficulties.
惡劣的天氣增加了我們的困難。
②He added that he was satisfied with the talk.
他補(bǔ)充說他對會談很滿意。
③There must be some mistakes in this bill；please add up the figures again.這張賬單一定有些錯誤，請把數(shù)字重加一遍。
5.In the evening the car broke down suddenly and the heavy rain________the helplessness of the girl driver on the country road.
A．resulted from B．made up
C．turned out D．a(chǎn)dded to
解析： 本題考查動詞短語的辨析。根據(jù)句子的意思，此處應(yīng)用add to“增添”。
答案： D
suffer v．遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷
教材原句P4：She suffered from loneliness，but she had to learn to like it there.她感到孤獨(dú)，但她得學(xué)會喜歡住在那里。
①The factory suffered a great loss in the fire.
這家工廠在大火中遭受了重大損失。
②The people in the flooded area are suffering (from) cold and hunger.發(fā)生洪水地區(qū)的人們正忍饑挨凍。
③He looked very pale and seemed to have suffered a great deal.
他看起來臉色蒼白，好像很痛苦。
6.完成句子
__________________________(遭受嚴(yán)重?fù)p失之后)，the businessman didn’t have the courage to go on.
答案： Having suffered such a heavy loss
go through經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；仔細(xì)檢查；完成；用完
教材原句P2：Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you，or would not understand what you are going through?
或者害怕你的朋友嘲笑你，或者不理解你正經(jīng)歷的事情？
①How can she keep smiling after what she’s gone through?
在她經(jīng)歷了這一切之后怎么還能保持滿臉笑容。
②I went through my homework to make sure that nothing had been missed.我將作業(yè)檢查了一遍，免得漏掉什么。
③He has gone through all his money before the month ends.
在月底到來之前，他就花光了所有的錢。
④As time went by，she became interested in what she was doing.
隨著時間的推移，她對所做的事情產(chǎn)生了興趣。
⑤Don’t go against your mother’s wish.
別違背你母親的心愿。
go by走過；(指時間)流逝
go in for參加(考試或比賽)；喜歡
go over仔細(xì)檢查；溫習(xí)
go without沒有某事物也可應(yīng)付
go against違背
7.(2014?撫順模擬)The police suspected him of carrying drugs so they________his bag，but found nothing.
A．looked up B．turned in
C．searched for D．went through
解析： 句意為：警察懷疑他攜帶毒品，所以他們仔細(xì)檢查了他的包，但什么也沒發(fā)現(xiàn)。go through經(jīng)歷，仔細(xì)檢查；look up查閱；turn in上交；search for尋找。
答案： D
8．Iraq has________too many wars，making people ________a lot.
A．got through；pay B．looked through；face
C．gone through；suffer D．passed through；destroy
解析： 句意為：伊拉克經(jīng)歷了那么多的戰(zhàn)爭，使得人們遭受了很多痛苦。go through經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；suffer受痛苦，受損害；get through干完(工作等)；接通(電話等)；look through審核，瀏覽；pass through經(jīng)過，通過。
答案： C
get along with與……相處
教材原句P6：I’m getting along well with a boy in my class.
我跟我們班的一個男生相處的很好。
①He’s a person who’s not easy to get along well with.
他是一個不好相處的人。
②I used to quarrel a lot with my parents，but now we get along fine.(2008?四川卷)
我過去常與父母爭吵，但現(xiàn)在我們相處很好。
get down to認(rèn)真做，開始著手做
get over克服，擺脫
get rid of消滅，擺脫，除掉
get through(電話)接通；用完；通過
③Believe in yourself.You will get over the difficulty.
相信自己，你會克服困難的。
④They got down to planting trees as soon as they got there.
他們一到那里就開始植樹。
⑤I am getting along very well with my work.
我的工作進(jìn)展得很順利。
9.(2009?全國Ⅰ)I tried phoning her office，but I couldn’t________.
A．get along B．get on
C．get to D．get through
解析： 上文說“試著給她的辦公室打電話”，下文是轉(zhuǎn)折，根據(jù)couldn’t判斷，此處應(yīng)為“不能接通”。
答案： D
Your friend comes to school very upset.
你的朋友來上學(xué)時很心煩。
upset adj.意為“心煩的；沮喪的”。在該句中為形容詞作伴隨狀語。
①We found him lying on the bed，dead.
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他躺在床上，死了。
②He arrived home，tired and hungry.他又累又餓地到了家。
③A young lady lay in the bed，awake.
一位婦女躺在床上，醒著。
10.(2014?成都第二次診斷)________and excited，the athletes from all over the world took part in the winter Olympics held in Vancounver.
A．Honoured B．Honouring
C．Being honoured D．To be honoured
解析： 考查形容詞短語作伴隨狀語。句意為：來自世界各地的運(yùn)動員光榮而又興奮地參加了在溫哥華舉辦的冬奧會。honoured是形容詞，表示“深感光榮的”與excited一起作伴隨狀語。
答案： A
11．(2014?海淀一模)When it was his turn to deliver his speech，________，he walked towards the microphone.
A．nervously and embarrassingly
B．nervous and embarrassedly
C．nervously and embarrassing
D．nervous and embarrassed
解析： 考查形容詞作狀語。短語nervous and embarrassed“緊張的，局促不安的”，描述主語的狀態(tài)。
答案： D
12．(北京高考)After the long journey，the three of them went back home，________.
A．hungry and tiredly
B．hungry and tired
C．hungrily and tiredly
D．hungrily and tired
解析： 句意為：經(jīng)過長時間旅行后，他們?nèi)齻�回到了家，又餓又累。本題考查形容詞作狀語，表示伴隨或結(jié)果。
答案： B
She and her family hid away for nearly twentyfive months before they were discovered.
她與家人躲藏了將近二十五個月才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。
before conj.用以表示從句動作發(fā)生之前的時間，譯法靈活。
(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)從句動作發(fā)生在主句之前，意為“不等……就……”。
①She was angry before I could explain to her.
我還沒來得及向她解釋她就生氣了。
②He asked a second question before I could answer the first question.我還沒來得及回答第一個問題，他又問了一個問題。
(2)It＋be＋時間段＋before從句，意為“……之后才……”。
③It was some time before I realized the truth.
過了很長一段時間我才悟出真相。
(3)It＋be＋否定形式＋long＋before從句，意為“……不久就……”。
④It was not long before he told me about it.
不久他就告訴了我這件事情。
13.(2010?陜西卷)John thinks it won’t be long________he is ready for his new job.
A．when B．a(chǎn)fter
C．before D．since
解析： 句意為：約翰認(rèn)為不久他就能為他的新工作做好準(zhǔn)備。本題考查固定句式It won’t be long before...，表示“過不了多久就……”。
答案： C
14．(2010?福建卷)The girl had hardly rung the bell________the door was opened suddenly，and her friend rushed out to greet her.
A．before B．until
C．a(chǎn)s D．since
解析： 句意為：小女孩還沒來得及按門鈴，門突然開了，她的朋友出來迎接她。before還沒來得及就……，符合句意。
答案： A
Ⅱ.高考鏈接
1．(2014?廈門質(zhì)量檢測)The UN officials say it could be many weeks and even months________a deal is reached.
A．before
B．a(chǎn)fter
C．when
D．a(chǎn)s
解析： 考查時間狀語從句。句意為：……在協(xié)議達(dá)成之前還需許多星期甚至幾個月。before意為“還需過(多久)才會……”。
答案： A
2．(2014?陜西寶雞檢測)Though it is 30 years________we last met，I still remember the scene________we got separated on a rainy day.
A．before；where
B．before；which
C．since；when
D．since；where
解析： 考查時間狀語從句和定語從句�！癐t is/has been＋一段時間＋since從句”為固定句式，表示自從上次干某事到現(xiàn)在有多長時間了。scene作先行詞且定語從句中需要地點(diǎn)狀語，故用where。
答案： D
3．(2009?上海卷)You can’t borrow books from the school library________you get your student card.
A．before
B．if
C．while
D．a(chǎn)s
解析： 句意為：在你得到學(xué)生證之前不能從學(xué)校圖書館借書。if是否，假如；while在……同時；as當(dāng)……時候，均不合題意。
答案： A
4．I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long，but it’ll still be some time________Brian gets back.
A．before
B．since
C．till
D．a(chǎn)fter
解析： 句意為：對不起，讓你等了這么長時間，但是，Brian還要過一段時間才能回來。本題應(yīng)注意句型：It will be＋一段時間＋before＋從句，意為“要過多久才……”。
答案： A
Ⅲ.語法專練
本單元語法——直接引語和間接引語(Ⅰ)
1．He said that his car________stolen and he________have to telephone the police.
A．was；would B．has been；will
C．had been；would D．had been；will
解析： 句意為：他說他的車被偷了，不得不報警。此句改為直接引語應(yīng)為：He said，“My car has been stolen and I will have to telephone the police.”。
答案： C
2．Yesterday he told me that he had met his uncle________.
A．two years ago B．two years before
C．before two years D．for two years
解析： 句意為：昨天他告訴我他兩年前見過他叔叔。meet為非延續(xù)性動詞，故不能與“for＋時間段”的狀語連用，排除D項；A項常與一般過去時連用。
答案： B
3．The teacher said that Columbus________America in 1492.
A．discovered B．found
C．had discovered D．had found
解析： 句意為：老師說哥倫布在1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。直接引語中有具體的表過去的時間狀語，變間接引語時，時態(tài)不變，故排除C、D兩項；另外，find意為“找到失去的東西或在某個場所發(fā)現(xiàn)某人”，與此題句意不符。discover意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)了原本存在的事物”。
答案： A
4．The mother asked her son________.
A．what did he do the day before
B．where did he find his lost wallet
C．what time he got up that morning
D．that if he had finished his homework
解析： 賓語從句中應(yīng)用陳述句語序，排除A、B兩項；直接引語為陳述句時，變成間接引語可用引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)，但直接引語為一般疑問句，變成間接引語時常用if或whether引導(dǎo)，故排除D項。
答案： C
5. The teacher told the students that there________a meeting at three o’clock.
A．were going to have
B．a(chǎn)re going to be
C．will have
D．was going to be
解析： 句意為：老師告訴學(xué)生們?nèi)c(diǎn)鐘將有一個會議。主句的謂語動詞told提示賓語從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。
答案： D
IV．能力提升
1. The headmaster hurried to the concert hall only _________ the speaker
【譯文】 校長匆匆來到音樂大廳，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)演講者早已走了。
A. to find; left B. to find; gone
C. finding; left D. finding; gone
【答案及簡析】 B。 不定式表結(jié)果時,常指出人意料的結(jié)果。第二個考察點(diǎn)是find+賓語+形容詞(補(bǔ)語)，表狀態(tài)。
2. —I failed again. I wish I _________ harder.?—But you _________.
【譯文】 ——我又失敗了。我真該努力學(xué)習(xí)。——但是你沒有哇。
A. had worked; hadn’t B. worked; don’t
C. had worked; didn’t D. worked; didn’t
【答案及簡析】 C。 第一空表達(dá)與過去事實相反的愿望,所以用過去完成時態(tài)表虛擬語氣。第二空說明過去的事實,用一般過去時態(tài)。
3. —Why not go out for a walk before breakfast? —Oh，yes. _________ is my favorite time of day.
【譯文】 ——早飯前你為什么不出去散步呢？ ——嗯。是的。那是我一天最美好的時光。
A. In the early morning B. Early morning
C. The early of morning D. The early morning that
【答案及簡析】 B。 空處缺少一主語,而非狀語。
4. It was not until liberation that _________ to his hometown.
【譯文】 直到解放他才回到家鄉(xiāng)。
A. did he return B. was he returned
C. he did return D. he returned
【答案及簡析】 D。 此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)： It is/was…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)之前的句子為： He didn’t returnedto his hometown until liberation.要注意not…until…句型變成強(qiáng)調(diào)句后的not的位置
5. —I?d like a pen which _________ well.—Will this one _________?
【譯文】 ——我很想又一只好寫的筆。 ——這只筆如何？
A. writes; do B. writes; work
C. is written; do D. is written；work
【答案及簡析】 A。 此處write作不及物動詞,表事物的性質(zhì),類似詞： sell，wash等。第二句用do來代替上句的write well。
6. －－Can you finish the writing on time?? �。璤________.?
【譯文】 －－ 你能按時完成你的協(xié)作么？ �。瓫]問題。
A. Never mind B. With pleasure
C. No problem D. All right
【答案及簡析】 C。 No problem表示"沒問題"
7. －－When _______ we meet again?? �。璤______ it any time you like.
【譯文】 －－ 我們什么時候再相聚？�。阆矚g何時見面都可以。
A. will; Do B. will; Make
C. shall; Do D. shall; Make
【答案及簡析】 D。 "完全可以"。其他不合題意。
8. Look! There are lots of ________ birds flying over the trees.
【譯文】 看！樹上有許多好看的紅色小鳥。
A. funny red little B. funny little red
C. little funny red D. little red funny
【答案及簡析】 B。 shall用于第一
9. They couldn’t eat in a restaurant because ______ of them had _______ money on them.
【譯文】 他們不可能在餐廳吃飯，因為誰都沒帶錢。
A. all; no B. any; no
C. none; any D. no one; any
【答案及簡析】 C。 三人稱,在問句中表示征求對方意見。
10. －－Shall we meet right now??－－Sorry. I’m too busy to _______ for the moment.
【譯文】 －－我們可以馬上見面嗎？ �。瓕Σ黄�，此刻我忙得抽不開身。
A. get through B. get away
C. get off D. get together
【答案及簡析】 B。 只要你記住"限數(shù)描大形,新色國材名"這句話,此題就迎刃而解。
11 . _________ is known to all，good friends _________ happiness and value to life.?
【譯文】 眾所周知，好朋友給說增添快樂和價值。
A. It; add B. As; add
C. It; add up D. As; add to
【答案及簡析】 B。 as引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾整個主句; add to sth."使增加,使增強(qiáng)"; add sth to sth. "把……加到……里邊"; add up to"總計是……"。因句中已有介詞to,所以只能選B。
12 Mr. Green left _________ suddenly _________ he came.?
【譯文】 格林先生離開像來時一樣突然。
A. so; that B. so; as
C. as; that D. as; as
【答案及簡析】 D。 此句為as…as…結(jié)構(gòu)。
13 Good food，not _________，that’s how one gets fat.
【譯文】 食物好，鍛煉少，這就是一個人長胖的原因。
A. enough exercises B. exercises enough
C. enough exercise D. exercise enough
【答案及簡析】 C。 enough修飾名詞時只能放在其修飾的名詞前,而修飾形容詞時要放在后"鍛煉"之意；用作復(fù)數(shù)名詞時為"體操""運(yùn)動"。而這里應(yīng)該是"鍛煉"的意思。面。exercise作不可數(shù)名詞時為"訓(xùn)練"
14 It was the very place _________ the soldiers fought over sixty years ago.?
【譯文】 這就是戰(zhàn)士們60多年前戰(zhàn)斗過的地方。
A. that B. which
C. where D. there
【答案及簡析】 C。 定語從句。the very place 在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語。
15 ——What about _________ job?? ——It?s too difficult _________ job for me.?
【譯文】 ——這個工作如何？ ——對我來說太難了。
A. the; a B. the; the
C. a; the D. a; a
【答案及簡析】 A。 前面是特指，后面是泛指。
16 It’s what he did _________ what he said that moved us.
【譯文】 是我們感動的是他所做的事而不是他所說的話。
A. except for B. but so
C. instead D. rather than
【答案及簡析】 D。 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。rather than"而不是"。
17 -Have you seen _________ watch? I left it here this morning.?-I think I saw one somewhere. Is it _________ new one?
【譯文】 —你看到一只手表沒有？上午我放在這兒的�！蚁胛乙娺^。是一只新的？
A. a；/ B. a；the
C. the；a D. a；a
【答案及簡析】 D。 考查冠詞的使用。不定冠詞表示泛指。
18 -You must be excited about going to Japan for schooling.? -_________，but I’m afraid I can’t do well because my Japanese is poor.
【譯文】 到日本去讀書，你一定很激動�！ �，我應(yīng)該激動。但日語不好，我會擔(dān)心做不好的。
A. Never mind B. Well，I ought to
C. I don’t know yet D. Certainly not
【答案及簡析】 B。 應(yīng)為I ought to be excited about…Never mind用來回答道歉語，Certainly not用來回答別人的請求和詢問等。
19 The new machine，if _________ properly，will work at least ten years.
【譯文】 如果是用得當(dāng)，這太新機(jī)器會使用10年的。
A. use B. using
C. being used D. used
【答案及簡析】 D。 本題考查分詞與主語之間的關(guān)系。"if the new machine is used properly…"
20 -Do you think we can get there on time? -Yes，_______ the truck doesn’t break down.
【譯文】 —你認(rèn)為我們會準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)那兒嗎？—會的。只要車不出問題。
A. even if B. unless
C. until D. so long as
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