Ⅰ.重點單詞聚焦
1．The rise in the price of bread will________(影響) all the people in that small town.
答案： affect
2．Alan asked me to tell you how much he________(感激) your help when he was in London.
答案： appreciated
3．We all dream of our country becoming more and more______(強大的)，ranking the top.
答案： powerful
4．The government shouldn’t________(減少) the income of the workers by raising their taxes.
答案： decrease
5．Some people who are very intelligent and________(成功的) in their fields find it difficult to learn new languages.
答案： successful
6．To our________(寬慰)，the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy.
答案： relief
7．Nowadays，with such a good public transportation system，it’s easy to take trips to________(遙遠的) places.
答案： distant
8．The book________(包含) all the information you need.
答案： contains
9．We cannot emphasize too much the________(重要性) of learning English.
答案： importance
10．As the________(收入) level increases，more people can afford a car now.
答案： income
Ⅱ.重點短語掃描
1．in 和平地；和睦地；安祥地
2．die 滅亡；逐漸消失
3．burst laughter 突然笑起來；大聲笑了出來
4．pay to 注意
5． to 按照，根據(jù)……所說
6．in (of) 在危險中；垂危
7． relief 如釋重負；松了口氣
8．protect... 保護……不受……(危害)
9． into being 形成；產(chǎn)生
10．so 以至于；結(jié)果
11．turn 轉(zhuǎn)過身；向后轉(zhuǎn)
peace
out
into
attention
according
danger
in
from
come
that
around
Ⅲ.課文原句突破
1．你應當多加注意我居住的雨林并欣賞一下動物們是如何在一起居住的。
You should________ ________ ________ ________the rainforest________I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
答案： pay more attention to；where
2．結(jié)果這些瀕危動物甚至會消亡。
________ ________ ________these endangered animals may even ________ ________.
答案： As a result；die out
3．這是個好消息，它表明了野生動物保護的重要性，不過我想按照世界野生生物基金會的建議幫助你們。
That’s good news.It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I’d like to help ________ the WWF ________.
答案： as；suggests
4．千百萬年前恐龍就在地球上生活，比人類的出現(xiàn)要早得多……
They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，________ ________ humans came into being...
答案： long before
contain vt.包含；容納；克制(強烈的感情等)；抑制
教材原句P26：It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一種強效的藥物可以防止蚊蟲叮咬。
①Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy.
橘汁里含有對人身體有益的成分。
②When you meet him，you must try to contain your anger!
當你見到他的時候，設(shè)法抑制你的怒火！
③The hall can contain/hold/seat/admit 3,000 people.
這個大廳可以容納3,000人。
辨析：include與contain
(1)include包括，側(cè)重被包含者只是整體中的一部分。
(2)contain包括，側(cè)重“整體內(nèi)有”，指在某一范圍或容器內(nèi)能容納某物。不用于進行時態(tài)。
巧學助記：The container contains many kinds of fruits，including apples/apples included.
這容器盛放著許多種水果，其中包括蘋果。
His school bag contains a lot of books，including a cartoon book.
他的書包里有許多書，包括一本漫畫書。
1.(全國高考)Little Johnny felt the bag，curious to know what it________.
A．collected B．contained
C．loaded D．saved
解析： 句意為：小約翰尼摸了一下袋子，想知道里面裝著什么東西。collect收集，搜集；contain含有，裝有；load裝載；save節(jié)省。
答案： B
mercy n．仁慈；寬恕；憐憫
教材原句P26：Farmers hunted us without mercy.
農(nóng)民們總是慘無人道地捕殺我們。
①He went down on his knees and begged for mercy.
他跪下來，乞求寬恕。
②Having lost engine power，the boat’s crew found themselves at the mercy of the wind.在失去引擎動力之后，船員們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己只能任憑風力擺布了。
③It was a mercy that the whole family survived the earthquake.
這次地震中一家人都幸免于難，真是不幸中之大幸。
2.完成句子
(1)She is a kindhearted woman and often________________(同情) people who are in trouble.
(2)__________________(幸運的是) he isn’t seriously hurt.
答案： (1)has mercy on (2)It’s a mercy that
affect vt.影響；感動；(疾病) 侵襲
教材原句P26：It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一種強效的藥物可以防止蚊蟲叮咬。
①The south of the country was worst affected by the drought.
該國南方旱情最嚴重。
②She was deeply affected by the news of his death.
他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。
③His opinion will not affect my decision.
他的意見不會影響我的決定。
④We want to know whether the drug has an effect on people’s health.我們想知道這藥對健康是否有影響。
3.(上海高考)With the government’s aid，those________by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
A．a(chǎn)ffect B．a(chǎn)ffecting
C．a(chǎn)ffected D．were affected
解析： 句意為：在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影響的人們已經(jīng)搬到新的定居點。用affect的過去分詞形式作主語those的后置定語，表示“受到地震影響的人們”。
答案： C
4．(2014?山東師大附中高三摸底考試)The several ways he suggested to solve the problem proved of no________.
A．effort B．a(chǎn)ffect
C．effect D．perfect
解析： 句意為：他建議的用來解決這個問題的幾種方法都被證明是無效的。
答案： C
appreciate vt.欣賞；感激；意識到
教材原句P26：You should pay mor attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
你應該關(guān)注我居住的雨林并觀察動物們?nèi)绾紊钤谝黄稹?br />appreciate＋n./pron./v.ing重視/感激……
I would appreciate it if...假如……我將不勝感激
appreciation n．欣賞；感激
①We appreciate your efforts for the development of the company.
我們感激你為公司發(fā)展所作的努力。
②This film can help you to appreciate more about this novel.
這部電影能夠幫助你更好地理解這本小說。
③I really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.我非常樂意與工作如此出色的人共事。
④I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with my English.如果你能幫助我學英語，我會十會感激。
⑤I’d like to show/express my appreciation for everything you’ve done.我謹對您所做的一切表示感激。
5.I really appreciate________to relax with you on this nice island.
A．to have had time B．having time
C．to have time D．to having time
解析： appreciate后面只能接動名詞或名詞。
答案： B
6．I appreciated________back and greeting that afternoon after our departure.
A．you to call B．you call
C．your calling D．you’re calling
解析： appreciate后接v.ing形式表示“感激做某事”。
答案： C
7．(2014?青島市聯(lián)合模擬)I would appreciate________，to be frank，if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.
A．you B．this
C．it D．myself
解析： 考查代詞。此處it作形式賓語，代替后面的“if goods could be delivered as soon as possible”。to be frank為插入語。
答案： C
succeed vi.成功；繼承；vt.接替；繼任
教材原句P27：What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed？如果野生動物保護要想成功的話必須要做什么？
①If we team up with each other，we will succeed in overcoming the difficulties.只要我們同心協(xié)力，就能克服困難。
②He had to succeed to the business when his father passed away.他父親去世時他不得不繼承他父親的事業(yè)。
③Some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields.一些人學習語言很成功，但卻發(fā)現(xiàn)很難在其他領(lǐng)域有所成就。
④Finally，I wish this year’s English speech competition a great success.最后我預祝今年的英語比賽取得圓滿成功。
8.完成句子
(1)我們的宣傳活動成功地吸引了更多的顧客。
Our advertising campaign has______________________more customers.
(2)我們有理由相信2014年倫敦奧運會將會取得成功。
We have every reason to believe that the 2014 London Olympic Games __________________________.
答案： (1)succeeded in attracting (2)will be a success
die out滅亡；逐漸消失
教材原句P25：As a result these endangered animals may even die out.結(jié)果，這些瀕危動物甚至可能會消亡。
①Many old customs are gradually dying out.
許多舊習俗都在日漸消逝。
②This kind of animals has already died out.
這類動物已經(jīng)絕種。
die away (聲音，風，光線等)逐漸消失，漸弱
die of/from因……而死
die down減弱；平息
die off相繼死亡
be dying for很想要；渴望
be dying to do sth.極想干某事
③The fire is dying down.火正漸漸地熄滅。
④The flowers are dying off because there has been no rain.
由于還沒下雨，這些花相繼死去。
⑤In the old days many poor people died of cold and hunger.
在過去，許多窮人因寒冷和饑餓而死亡。
⑥She is dying to see you.她渴望見到你。
9.Although the wind has______，the rain remains steady，so you still need a raincoat.
A．turned up B．gone back
C．died down D．blown out
解析： C意為“平息”。A意為“出現(xiàn)，到來”；B意為“回來”；D意為“吹出”，因此選C。句意為：雖然風停了，但是雨還在下，因此你要帶上雨衣。
答案： C
10．As the air is being polluted，many kinds of wild animals are________.
A．died B．dying down
C．dying out D．death
解析： die為不及物動詞，不能用被動語態(tài)，排除A項；death為名詞“死亡”，不合題意。根據(jù)題意應為“滅絕”。
答案： C
come into being形成；產(chǎn)生
教材原句P30：They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.它們生活在億萬年前的地球上，比人類誕生早很多，而且那時它們的未來看似很安全。
①When did the club first come into being?
俱樂部是什么時候成立的？
②The new tax regulations came into effect last month.
新稅法是上個月生效的。
③The present government came into power a year ago.
本屆政府一年前開始執(zhí)政的。
④As you went on，a lake came into sight.
你向前走，一個湖就出現(xiàn)在了眼前。
come into effect生效
come into sight看得見
come into office
come into power當權(quán)；執(zhí)政
come into use開始使用
11.(北京高考)Scientists have many theories about how the universe________into being.
A．came B．was coming
C．had come D．would come
解析： 句意為：關(guān)于宇宙是如何產(chǎn)生的，科學家們有很多理論。根據(jù)句意可知宇宙產(chǎn)生絕非將來要發(fā)生的事，所以先排除B、D兩項，C項had come為過去的過去，因題中無過去時間作參照，故排除。宇宙產(chǎn)生發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。
答案： A
in danger在危險中，垂危
教材原句P25：Why are they in danger of disappearing?
它們?yōu)槭裁刺幱跍缃^的危險中？
①We were warned that we were in danger.
有人警告我們有危險。
②Another famous animal in danger is the giant panda，whose habitat is in China.另一種著名的瀕臨滅絕的動物是大熊貓，它們的棲息地在中國。
③The little boy was once in danger of losing his sight，but the doctor helped him out of danger.那小男孩曾經(jīng)處于失明的危險，但是醫(yī)生幫助他脫離了危險。
④That tall young man is a danger to our society.
那個高個子年輕人是我們社會的危害分子。
in danger of有……的危險
out of danger脫離危險
full of danger充滿危險
a danger to...對……很危險
12.—Have you enjoyed camping in________wild with your friends?
—Never.I’m afraid that my life is in________danger there.
A．the；a B．/；/
C．a(chǎn)；the D．the；/
解析： 考查冠詞。in the wild是固定搭配，意思是“在野外，自然狀態(tài)”；in danger也是固定短語，意思是“在危險中”。
答案： D
That’s good news.It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests.這是個好消息，它表明了野生動物保護的重要性，不過我想按照世界野生生物基金會的建議幫助你們。
(1)as在句中引導方式狀語從句，意為“按照；如同”。
You must do everything as I do.
你必須照著我來做每一件事。
When in Rome，do as Romans do.
入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。(在羅馬時就要像羅馬人那樣做。)
I will do as you advise.我會照你的忠告去做。
He suggested going out for a walk.他建議出去散散步。
I suggest you (should) ask some specific problems about his past.我建議你問一些有關(guān)他的過去的具體的問題。
②suggest作“暗示；表明”之意時，可接名詞或從句，但從句中的謂語動詞要根據(jù)主句的謂語動詞決定其形式。
Her expression suggested that she was angry.
從她的表情暗示出她生氣了。
13.(2009?上海卷)Bill suggested________a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
A．having held B．to hold
C．holding D．hold
解析： 句意為：比爾建議在假期中召開一個有關(guān)上海世博會事宜的會議。suggest doing sth.建議做某事。
答案： C
They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being...千百萬年前恐龍就在地球上生活，比人類的出現(xiàn)要早得多……
(1)long before相當于long ago，意為“很久以前”，常用于
過去時或過去完成時的句子中作時間狀語，before后
邊可以跟從句。
(2)before long相當于soon或a little later，意為“不久；不
久以后”，常與將來時、過去時態(tài)連用，在句中作狀語，
不可以接從句。
(3)It is/was not long before＋從句 不久就……
(4)It will be long before＋從句，要過很久才……
①I had heard of him long before I came here.
早在我來這兒以前我就聽說過他的情況。
②Before long he went to Canada to go on with his further education.不久以后他就去了加拿大繼續(xù)深造。
③The president made a mistake，but then he corrected the situation before it got worse.董事長犯了一個錯誤，但是后來他在情況惡化之前進行了糾正。
④The field research will take John and Paul about five months.It will be long before we meet them again.這項研究要花費約翰和鮑五個月的時間，很長時間之后才能再見到他們。
14.(2014?石家莊畢業(yè)班教學檢測)—It’s a long time________I last saw you.
—Yes，and it will be another month________we can meet again.
A．before；since B．when；before
C．since；when D．since；before
解析： it is...since...表示“自從……以來……”，而it will be...before...則表示“過……(時間)才……”。
答案： D
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．It is said that dinosaurs existed on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before man____________________(出現(xiàn))．
答案： came into being
2．Put on your hat when you go out so that you can________your skin________(保護……不受……) being burnt.
答案： protect；from
3．The noise outside was so loud that I could hardly______________(注意) my studies.
答案： pay attention to
4．Don’t take too much of the medicine or it will________________(對……有害) your health.
答案： do harm to
5．It was the doctor that helped the girl who was __________________(處于……危險) losing her sight.
答案： in danger of
6．__________________(根據(jù)) statistics，a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer as a woman.
答案： According to
7．No one has come up with a convincing explanation of why the dinosaurs________________(滅絕)．
答案： died out
8．We all hope our country flourishes and that people live______________(安靜地)．
答案： in peace
Ⅱ.巧思妙解
1．He came to my class every week，but his attitude________that he was not really interested in it.
A．expressed B．described
C．explained D．suggested
解析： 句子的意思是“他每星期都來聽我的課，但他的態(tài)度表明他并非真對它感興趣”。suggest在這里意為“表明，暗示”，此時賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。
答案： D
2．There is a lot of evidence to suggest that a short nap in the afternoon________you refreshed for the next four or five hours.
A．will help B．should leave
C．will leave D．should remain
解析： 考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)句子的意思此處用leave表示“使某人處于某種狀態(tài)”的意思。注意謂語動詞suggest在此表示“表明”的意思，賓語從句不用虛擬語氣。
答案： C
3．—How do you________we go to Beijing for our holidays?
—I think we’d better fly there.It’s much more comfortable.
A．insist B．want
C．suppose D．suggest
解析： 考查動詞辨析。insist堅持，want想要，suppose支持，suggest建議，通過上下文語境可得出選D。
答案： D
4．Jane’s pale face suggested that she________ill，and her parents suggested that she________a medical examination.
A．be；should have B．was；have
C．should be；had D．was；has
解析： 句中第一個suggest意為“表明”，從句不用虛擬語氣，應用過去時態(tài)；第二個suggest意為“建議”，應用虛擬語氣，省略了should。
答案： B
5．The parents suggested________in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.
A．sleep B．to sleep
C．sleeping D．having slept
解析： 動詞suggest后只能用動詞的ing形式作賓語，意為“建議做……”。
答案： C
Ⅲ.語法專練
本單元語法——現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)
1．(2010?陜西卷)It is reported that many a new house________at present in the disaster area.
A．a(chǎn)re being built
B．were being built
C．was being built
D．is being built
解析： 句意為：據(jù)報道，目前在這個受災地區(qū)正在建很多新房子。本題考查的是主謂一致和時態(tài)。many a：a large number of 許多。many a＋單數(shù)名詞＋單數(shù)動詞。如：Many a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.很多堅強的人面對這種挑戰(zhàn)都動搖了。Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs.很多著名的流行音樂歌星都因毒品而被毀了。根據(jù)謂語動詞應該用單數(shù)，排除A和B兩項。根據(jù)at present，時態(tài)應該是現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，所以D選項是正確的。
答案： D
2．—Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?
—Yes，I have.I guess it________now.
A．has graded
B．is graded
C．is being graded
D．is grading
解析： 本題考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)。其句意為“你已交上作業(yè)了嗎？”“是的，我認為它現(xiàn)在正在被評閱”。指的是現(xiàn)在正在被怎樣，故用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。
答案： C
3．(2010?南通一模)Now the world’s attention________the stocking markets，as they have great influence in the world’s economy.
A．is fixing on B．has fixed on
C．is being fixed on D．had been fixed on
解析： 本題考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。attention和fix on之間是被動關(guān)系，故排除A、B兩項，再根據(jù)Now，可知應用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。
答案： C
4．(2010?4月濟南模擬)—Flight MU257________.I must be off now.
—Have a nice trip.
A．is being announced B．has announced
C．was announcing D．had been announced
解析： 考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。從語境知“MU257航班正在通知(登機中)”，此處強調(diào)“現(xiàn)在這個時刻正在進行”的動作，所以用現(xiàn)在進行時，同時announce與Flight MU257又是動賓關(guān)系，故用“現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)”。
答案： A
5．(2010?東北三省四市聯(lián)考)—What’s that terrible noise，David?
—Oh，I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant________.
A．were tested B．will be tested
C．a(chǎn)re being tested D．have been tested
解析： 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)問句中的What’s that terrible noise 可知，這里應該用進行時態(tài)，噪音是機器正在被檢測時發(fā)出的，所以用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。
答案： C
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