【新課標(biāo)人教版】（全國通用）2014屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精講精練學(xué)案必修2 Unit 3 Computers
Ⅰ.重點單詞聚焦
1．Many difficulties________(產(chǎn)生) in the course of their experiment，which was beyond our expectations.
答案： arose
2．There is another kind of beauty that has nothing to do with________(外貌)，but comes from the heart.
答案： appearance
3．It is just her childhood experiences that affect her________(性格) and later life.
答案： character
4．Where can I________(下載) the exercises from the Internet?
答案： download
5．During the winter holidays，I________(輔導(dǎo)) some students for English exams.
答案： coached
6．They achieved their________(目標(biāo)) of increasing sales by five percent.
答案： goal
7．It is such a hard problem that it is impossible for me to________(解決)．
答案： solve
8．These changes are due to an increase in the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere since the beginning of the Industrial________(革命)．
答案： Revolution
9．The ability to give good advice at the right time involves a great deal of________(智力)．
答案： intelligence
10．Her speech yesterday was a________(信號) that her views had changed.
答案： signal
Ⅱ.重點短語掃描
1．from... 從……時起
2． a result 結(jié)果
3．so... ... 如此……以至于……
4． a way 在某種程度上
5． the help of 在……的幫助下
6．deal 處理；安排；對付
7．watch 看守；監(jiān)視
8． by 經(jīng)過
9．have...in 有……共同之處
on
as
that
in
with
with
over
go
common
10．what’s 而且
11．get 集合；聚集
12．make 彌補；補足；整理
more
together
up
Ⅲ.課文原句突破
1．我發(fā)育緩慢，差不多到了兩百年之后，查爾斯?巴比奇才把我制成了一臺分析機。
I developed very slowly and ________ ________ nearly two hundred years ________ I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
答案： it took；before
2．隨著時間的推移，我的記憶力發(fā)展得如此之快，就像一頭大象一樣，我從來不會忘記告訴我的任何事情！
________ ________ my memory has developed so much that，like an elephant，I never forget ________ ________ ________ ________ ________！
答案： Over time；anything I have been told
3．我的存儲量變得如此之大，甚至連我自己都不能相信！
And my memory became ________ large________ even I couldn’t believe it!
答案： so；that
4．不管怎樣，我的目標(biāo)是給人類提供高質(zhì)量的生活。
________，my goal is to provide humans with a life________ ________ ________.
答案： Anyhow；of high quality
5．從某種程度上講，我們的程序員就好比是我們的教練。
________ ________ ________our programmer is like our coach.
答案： In a way
6．不管怎樣，在我過目不忘的電子腦的幫助下，運用智能就是我的一切！
After all，________ ________ ________ ________ my electronic brain which never forgets anything，using my intelligence is what I’m all about!
答案： with the help of
totally adv.全部地；完全
教材原句P18：As a result I totally changed my shape.
結(jié)果我的外形完全改變了。
①I totally agree with you.我完全同意你的看法。
②China has a total land area of over 9.6 million km2.
中國土地總面積超過960萬平方公里。
③A total of 100 teachers will attend the meeting.
總共100名老師參加了會議。
④In total，over 250 employers completed the safety training.
總共有超過250名員工完成了安全培訓(xùn)。
1.完成句子
這些宇航員總共在太空中逗留了26 000多天。
________________，these astronauts have spent more than 26,000 days ________________.
答案： In total；in space
arise vi.出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；起身，起床
教材原句P23：Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.
接著她準(zhǔn)備好了可行的步驟來應(yīng)對新情況的出現(xiàn)。
(1)作“呈現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生”之意時，主語多為抽象名詞argument/
problem/quarrel/question/movement等
(2)arise from由……而引起，由……而產(chǎn)生；從……中產(chǎn)生
①Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.在他們進(jìn)行實驗的過程中，出現(xiàn)了意想不到的困難。
②He arose from his seat.他從座位上站起來。
③Accidents often arise from carelessness.
事故往往是由疏忽大意而引起的。
辨析：arise，arouse，rise與raise
We were watching the children raising the national flag，and saw it rising slowly in the wind，which aroused our patriotic minds.
我們在觀看孩子們升國旗，看到國旗在風(fēng)中徐徐升起，這喚起了我們的愛國之心。
原形過去式過去分詞v.ing
arise (vi.) 出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生，起因于arosearisenarising
arouse (vt.) 喚醒，激起arousedarousedarousing
rise (vi.) 升起，起身，增長，上升roserisenrising
raise (vt.) 舉起，喚起，提高，飼養(yǎng)raisedraisedraising
2.用arise，rise與raise：
(1)The sun ________ in the east and sets in the west.
(2)We should always keep in mind that accidents________from carelessness while driving.
(3)After the war the standard of living was ________rapidly.
(4)This book ________ my interest in politics.
答案： (1)rises (2)arise (3)raised (4)aroused
anyhow adv.無論如何；即使如此
教材原句P18：Anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.不管怎樣，我的目標(biāo)是給人類提供高質(zhì)量的生活。
①Anyhow，we have plenty of time to plan ahead.
不管怎樣，我們有許多時間提前作計劃。
②It’s too expensive and anyhow (＝anyway) the color doesn’t suit you.這個太貴，而且顏色也不適合你。
③I’m afraid we can’t come，but thanks for the invitation anyhow (＝anyway)．恐怕我們來不了，不過還是感謝邀請。
④Anyhow (＝Anyway)，let’s forget about that for the moment！無論如何，咱們此刻忘記那件事吧！
3.I’m certain David’s told you his business troubles.________，it’s no secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank.
A．However B．Anyway
C．Therefore D．Though
解析： 句意為：我確信戴維已經(jīng)告訴你他的生意遇到麻煩了。不管怎么說，他欠銀行的錢已不是秘密了。however可是；然而；therefore因此；though盡管；雖然；anyway相當(dāng)于anyhow總之，無論如何。
答案： B
signal vi.& vt.發(fā)信號；n.信號
教材原句P23：For example，I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal.
例如，當(dāng)我啟動的時候，我可以用計算機語言向隊友示意把球傳給我，這樣可以有一個漂亮的射門。
①She signalled the car to stop by raising her hand.
她舉手示意車停下。
②She signalled (to) him to follow.
她示意他跟她走。
③He signalled that it was time to leave.
他示意該走了。
④Rapid breathing is a danger signal and you should call your doctor.呼吸急促是個危險的征兆，該去請你的醫(yī)生了。
4.(湖北高考)In our class，when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book，it was a________for everyone to stand up.
A．signal B．chance
C．mark D．measure
解析： 句意為：在我們班，鈴聲響起，老師合上課本，這就是大家起立的信號。signal信號，導(dǎo)火線，符合題意。chance機會，運氣；mark分?jǐn)?shù)，痕跡；measure測量，措施，辦法，尺寸。
答案： A
5．(2010?龍巖一檢)The door and the windows were all closed and there was no________of forced entry.
A．scene B．signal
C．sign D．sight
解析： 考查名詞辨析。語意表示“門窗都關(guān)閉著，沒有強力侵入的跡象”。sign跡象；scene場景，景色；signal信號；sight視野。根據(jù)句意，選C項。
答案： C
in a way從某一角度看；在某種程度上
教材原句P23：In a way our programmer is like our coach.
從某種程度上講，我們的程序員就好比是我們的教練。
all the way一路上；自始至終；完全
by the way順便說
in no way一點也不；決不
in the way擋道；礙事
No way！[俚]別想！沒門！
on one’s way/the way to在……路上
①In a way，I’m a little surprised he accepted the offer.
從某種意義上講，他接受了這個報價讓我覺得有點驚訝。
②Only in this way can you get rid of your bad habits.
只有用這種方法你才能戒掉你的壞習(xí)慣。
③In no way should you lose heart.
你決不應(yīng)該失去信心。
④Don’t stand in the way.Move aside and let me pass.
不要擋著路，靠邊點讓我過去。
6.用way的短語：
(1)____________________to school he came across a boy who lost his way.
(2)There is a truck____________________and I can’t get through.
(3)Perhaps he should have said nothing，but______________it was his duty.
(4)____________________，have you seen my umbrella anywhere?
答案： (1)On the way (2)in the way (3)in a way (4)By the way
as a result結(jié)果
教材原句P18：As a result I totally changed my shape.
結(jié)果我的外形完全改變了。
①The boy worked hard.As a result he passed the examination.
這個男孩努力學(xué)習(xí)，結(jié)果，他通過了考試。
②They didn’t get enough money.As a result，they had to give up the plan.
他們沒有弄到足夠的錢，因此，只好放棄那項計劃。
辨析：as a result，as a result of，result in與result from
(1)as a result因此，結(jié)果，副詞短語，常作狀語，使用時其前常有一個表示原因的句子。
We helped each other in studies and as a result we became good friends.我們在學(xué)習(xí)上互相幫助，結(jié)果我們成了好朋友。
(2)as a result of是介詞短語，相當(dāng)于because of，只能連接名詞/代詞/動名詞及what賓語從句。
As a result of the car accident，Jackson couldn’t work any longer.由于車禍，杰克遜不能再工作了。
(3)result in相當(dāng)于lead to，結(jié)果為……；導(dǎo)致，主語是原因，賓語是結(jié)果。
His carelessness resulted in his failure.他的粗心導(dǎo)致他的失敗。
(4)result from相當(dāng)于lie in，因為，源自，主語是結(jié)果，賓語是原因。
His failure resulted from his carelessness.
他的失敗在于他的粗心。
7.(2009?全國卷Ⅱ)Jenny nearly missed the flight______doing too much shopping.
A．a(chǎn)s a result of B．on top of
C．in front of D．in need of
解析： 考查固定詞組辨析。句意為：由于購物花費時間太多，珍妮差點錯過航班。as a result of由于作為……的結(jié)果，由于；on top of在……之外，另外；in front of在……前面；in need of 需要……
答案： A
8．用result的短語填空：
(1)It rained heavily.________________we had to stay at home for the whole weekend.
(2)________________the heavy rain，we had to stay at home for the whole weekend.
答案： (1)As a result (2)As a result of
deal with處理；安排；對付
教材原句P24：This means that it should clean the house，mop the floors，cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls.
這就意味著它應(yīng)該打掃房子、拖地、做飯以及接電話。
①I found her quite hard to deal with.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)她很難相處。
②This is a book dealing with Asian problems.
這是一本論述亞洲問題的書。
deal with常與how連用，而do with則常與what連用。
③I don’t know how to deal with the situation.
我不知道如何處理這種情況。
④I don’t know what to do with the situation.
我不知道如何處理這種情況。
9.?You look so worried.What’s the matter?
?I don’t know________these boring problems.
A．what to deal with
B．how to do with
C．what can I do with
D．how to deal with
解析： 考查短語用法。deal with通常與how搭配，而do with通常與what搭配。C項語序不對。
答案： D
10．With the world changing fast，we have something new ________ with all by ourselves every day.
A．deal B．dealt
C．to deal D．dealing
解析： 本題考查不定式作定語。句意為：隨著世界的快速變化，我們每天都有新的問題要獨自處理。have something to deal，動詞deal 邏輯上的主語是we，也就是句子的主語。
答案： C
As time went by，I was made smaller.
一年年過去，我被做得更小了。
as意為“隨著”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。
①As time went on，his knowledge broadened.
隨著時間的推移，他的知識面變寬了。
②As we grow older，we get wiser.
隨著年齡的增長，我們會變得越來越聰明。
辨析：as與with
(1)as是連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句
③As time went by，the city became more beautiful.
隨著時間的流逝，這座城市變得更美麗了。
(2)with是介詞，后接名詞或代詞構(gòu)成with短語或with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
④With the time going by，they became close friends.
隨著時間的流逝，他們變成了好朋友。
⑤With the wealth of the country increasing，more waste will be produced.隨著國家財富的增加，更多的垃圾也產(chǎn)生了。
11.I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise________.
A．going on B．goes on
C．went on D．to go on
解析： with所引導(dǎo)的結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中作伴隨狀語�！皐ith＋n.＋doing/done/介詞短語”為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。noise與go on之間為主動關(guān)系，故選A。
答案： A
12．________children get older，they become more and more interested in the things around them.
A．While B．When
C．As D．With
解析： as可表示兩個同步發(fā)展的動作或行為，意為“隨著”；while表示一段較長的時間或過程內(nèi)主從句謂語動作同時發(fā)生；when作“當(dāng)……時候”講，指較短的一段或點時間；with不能引導(dǎo)從句。
答案： C
And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it.
我的存儲量變得如此之大，甚至連我自己都不能相信。
so...that...結(jié)果是，以至于……，so是副詞，后面要跟形容詞或副詞，其用法如下：
①The problem is so difficult that nobody can work it out.
這道題太難，沒有一個人能解出來。
②It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.(＝It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.)
天氣如此熱，誰也不想干活。
③I made so many mistakes in the composition that the teacher criticized me.我的中出了許多錯誤，老師批評了我。
④It is such lovely weather that we all want to go out for a walk.
天氣那么好，我們都想出去散步。
⑤So fast did the teacher speak that I couldn’t follow him.(The teacher spoke so fast that I could not follow him.)
那個老師說得太快，我聽不懂。
13.(2009?重慶卷)Peter was so excited______he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.
A．where B．that
C．why D．when
解析： 句意為：當(dāng)Peter的朋友邀請他來重慶時，他很是興奮。此題考查狀語從句，只有when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句符合題意。
答案： D
14．(2009?上海卷)The Great Wall is________tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.
A．so a wellknown
B．a(chǎn) so wellknown
C．such wellknown a
D．such a wellknown
解析： 句意為：長城是如此著名的旅游勝地，以至于每年都有上百萬人涌來。such＋a＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句，表示“如此……以至于……”。
答案： D
Ⅰ.選詞填空
in a way；deal with；make up；have a lot in common；as a result of；watch over；with the help of；after all
1．Those two brothers not only look alike，but also they________________________.
答案： have a lot in common
2．When I am back to school from sick leave，I will______________for the missing lessons.
答案： make up
3．The doctors and nurses__________________the seriously wounded worker day and night.
答案： watched over
4．Why are you so anxious？It isn’t your problem________.
答案： after all
5．________________the pilot strike，all flights have had to be cancelled.
答案： As a result of
6．He has________________many complicated situations successfully so far.
答案： dealt with
7．________________，I’m glad you made that mistake，since you can learn from it.
答案： In a way
8．____________________a passerby，I carried the injured person into a clinic.
答案： With the help of
Ⅱ.巧思妙解
1．(福建高考)Nancy enjoyed herself so much________she visited her friends in Sydney last year.
A．that B．which
C．when D．where
解析： 句意為：去年Nancy在悉尼拜訪她朋友的時候，她玩得很開心。本題是when引導(dǎo)的一個時間狀語從句，when這里意為“當(dāng)……的時候”，B、D兩選項可以從句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)上加以排除。但可能有些學(xué)生會受so...that固定句型的影響，而選that，翻譯成“如此……以至于”與語境不符。
答案： C
2．(四川高考)I haven’t seen Ann for________long that I’ve forgotten what she looks like.
A．such B．very
C．so D．too
解析： 句意為：我有很長時間沒見著安了，我已忘記她長什么樣了。so/such...that如此……以致，即so＋adj./adv.＋that，而such＋n.＋that，long為副詞，故用so。
答案： C
3．Pop music is such an important part of society________it has even influenced our language.
A．a(chǎn)s B．that
C．which D．where
解析： 考查such...that “如此……以至于”結(jié)構(gòu)。
答案： B
4．Beijing was attacked by such a terrible sandstorm________few residents had ever experienced before.
A．a(chǎn)s B．which
C．a(chǎn)nd it was D．that
解析： 考查定語從句。as在此處為關(guān)系代詞，作experienced的賓語。
答案： A
5．(2014?江西六所重點中學(xué)聯(lián)考)So difficult________it to live in an Englishspeaking country that I determined to learn English well.
A．I have felt B．have I felt
C．I did feel D．did I feel
解析： 考查倒裝。本句使用的so...that句式表示“如此……以至于”，當(dāng)“so＋形容詞/副詞”置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝；與下文的時態(tài)相呼應(yīng)，這里用一般過去時表示同時存在的情況。
答案： D
Ⅲ.語法專練
本單元語法??現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)
1．(2014?湖南適應(yīng)性測試)?Why are you still here？Everybody has gone to attend the lecture by the president.
?Oh，I________about it!
A．wasn’t informed B．hadn’t been informed
C．haven’t informed D．didn’t inform
解析： 本題考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。從語意可知，我沒有去聽講座，是因為之前(過去某個時候)沒有人通知我，因此應(yīng)該使用一般過去時態(tài)。因為我沒有被(別人)通知，故用被動語態(tài)，選A項。
答案： A
2．(北京崇文期末)It________that the road will be closed tomorrow for repairs.
A．was announced B．has been announced
C．had been announced D．would be announced
解析： 本題考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。題干句子中that到句子結(jié)束是賓語從句，且從句動詞用“will＋動詞原形”表示將來，由此推斷出空白處謂語動詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在的某種時態(tài)，在所給四個選項中，只有B項正確。
答案： B
3．?We want to sit at the table near the window.
?I’m sorry，but it________already.
A．has taken B．took
C．was taken D．has been taken
解析： 從題干的答語知道，座位已經(jīng)有人占了，說明結(jié)果，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。
答案： D
4．His sister left home in 1998，and________since.
A．had not been heard of B．has not been heard of
C．had not heard of D．has not heard of
解析： 句意為：他妹妹在1998年離開家，從那以后就沒了音訊。根據(jù)句意，指的是過去離開以后，到現(xiàn)在一直沒音訊，故用現(xiàn)在完成時；hear of與his sister在本句中為被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)，所以選B。
答案： B
5．?Would you like to go to the cinema with me tomorrow afternoon?
?I’d like to，Mum，but I________to a party by Jane.It is her birthday.
A．a(chǎn)m invited B．was invited
C．will be invited D．have been invited
解析： 由句意可知，邀請這個動作雖發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在造成的影響還存在(不能和媽媽一起看電影了)，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。
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