1.That’s what people call the underground in London. (the tube) 就是人們對倫敦地鐵的叫法。
句中what引導的從句為表語從句。What 在從句中作從句的賓語，the underground in London 為從句的賓語補足語，what 在這里的意思為“……的”
例：1) This is what I want to tell you. 這就是我要告訴你的事。
2）China is not what it used to be. 中國已經(jīng)是今非昔比了。
2. Usually it’s so crowded that I can’t find anywhere to sit.
通常地鐵和擁擠，很難找到座位。
句中so…that為連詞，引導結(jié)果狀語從句。 請注意：1. so+形容詞/副詞2. so+形容詞+a(an)+名詞 3. so+ many / few / little / much+ 名詞。so…that 還可以引導目的狀語從句，引導目的狀語從句時，從句謂語動詞常有情態(tài)動詞，如：can / could, will / would, may / might。
例：1）He works so hard that he often forgets to eat and sleep.
他工作很努力，以至于經(jīng)常忘記吃飯睡覺。
2）He is so good a teacher that all his students like him very much.
他是一位好老師，他的學生都喜歡他。
3）He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.
他摔了很多跤，以致渾身青一塊紫一塊。
3.I need to do that because I don’t get enough exercise otherwise.
因為每天運動量不夠，我需要增加些運動。
句中otherwise 為副詞，意思為“否則，不然”。Otherwise 還有“除此以外”的意思。
例：樓上有些音樂聲， 除此以外， 房子里靜悄悄的。
4.We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city, and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.
我喜歡去那些遠離城市、幽靜、風光秀麗的地方，在沒有商店、人群、地鐵的地方漫步。
句中where為連詞，引導地點狀語從句，修飾動詞go。
例：1) Sit where I can see you.
坐在我能看到你的地方。
2）We should go where we are needed most.
我們應該去最需要我們的地方。
5.After a big breakfast in my house, I walk out of the front door and I’, already at work.
飽餐一頓早飯之后，我走出家門，開始一天的工作。
句中be at work 意思為“在工作”。介詞at在這里表示“處于……狀態(tài)”。
例：The country is now at war.
這個國家正在打仗。
I felt at a disadvantage. 我覺得處于不利地位。
6. We don’t have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.
我們的工作時間和在辦公室工作的人們不同。
句中that為關(guān)系代詞，引導一個定語從句，修飾名詞hours，在從句中作賓語。有時我們也用as 代替that。 the same …that 更強調(diào)同一事物。
例：This is the same man that asked me for money yesterday.
那個人就是昨天向我要錢的人。
7.This meal included cakes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food.
這頓飯有蛋糕和三明治，用茶來把事物送下去。
句中wash down 的意思為“用水等吞送（食物等）”。wash down還有“沖洗，流下”的意思。
例：The soil has washed down into the valley.
泥土被沖入了山谷。
8.In fact, the London Stock Exchange is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.
事實上，人們認為倫敦證券交易所的前身就是這些咖啡館。
這句話等于In fact, people believe the London Stock Exchange has started from these coffeehouses. 在be believed后面跟動詞不定式，to have started 為不定式的完成式。常用句型有It is said/ expected/reported等+動詞不定式。
例：Tom is believed to be the child they looking for.
人們認為湯姆就是他們要找的那個孩子。
The vase is believed to be worth a lot of money.
人們相信這個花瓶價值連城。
翻譯句子
1.這就是我想要做的事。
2.告訴我你在想什么。
3.那牛奶太好了，我們沒辦法不喝。
4.他是一位那么溫文爾雅的人，我們大家都喜歡他。
5.有那么多食物可吃，以致我弟弟都不想離開那兒。
6.把窗戶關(guān)好，不然屋里就太冷了。
7.他愛吵鬧，除此之外在其他方面倒是一個好孩子。
8.我們得早一點兒去，不如就沒座位了。
9.有志者事竟成。
10.哪里有煙，哪里就有火。（無風不起浪）
11.我想哈里斯先生正在吃飯。
12.目前這個地區(qū)正處于和平狀態(tài)。
13.他手里的小刀和我丟的一模一樣。
14.在這件事上，我和你的想法一樣。
15.他們在刷車。
16.茶不能用來服藥。
17.那個人可能被認為攜帶武器。
18.地球一度被人們認為是平的。
答案：
1.This is what I want to do.
2.Tell me what you are thinking about
3.The milk was so good that we couldn’t stop drinking it.
4.He is so gentle a man that we all like me.
5.Shut the window. Otherwise it’ll get too cold in here.
6.He is noisy, but otherwise a nice boy.
7.We’ll go early. Otherwise we may not get a seat.
8.We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city, and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.
9.Where there is will, there is a way.
10.Where there’s smoke, there’s fire.
11.I think Mr. Harris is at dinner.
12.At present this area is at peace.
13.The knife I his hand is the same that I have lost.
14.I think the same as you o about this.
15.They are washing down a car.
16.Tea can not be use to washed down medicine.
17.The man may be believed to carry arms.
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