Study guide: Read the new words and fill in the blanks in about 20 minutes.
☆重點(diǎn)句型☆
1. 英語句型中的否定轉(zhuǎn)移
在英語中，如果主句的動(dòng)詞是think, suppose, expect, believe, imagine 之類的動(dòng)詞，其否定形式應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句。構(gòu)成反意疑問句時(shí)，主語是第一人稱，以從句為準(zhǔn)；主語是其它人稱，以主句為準(zhǔn)。 I don't think you're right, are you? 我認(rèn)為你不對(duì)，不是嗎？
Mary doesn’t expect she can have a long holiday, does she?
練習(xí)：a. I don't suppose I shall be back until 9 o'clock, ________________?
b. They all think that English is very important, _______________?
c. I don’t believe he can afford to buy an apartment, _____________?
d. He didn’t think that the news was true, ________________?
e._________________________________________我認(rèn)為你的答案是不對(duì)的，不是嗎？
反義疑問句的回答是根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來回答的�？隙ɑ卮穑篩es, I do.否定回答：No, I don't. 注意: 要前后保持一致，切不可說成“Yes, I don't.”或“No, I do.
(1) ---His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she?
---______. She fell ill that day.
A. Yes, she did. B. No, she did. C. Yes, she didn’t D. No, she didn’t
(2) ----He likes playing football, doesn’t he?
---______. He does it every day.
A.Yes, he doesn’t. B. No, he doesn’t. C. Yes, he does. D. No, he does.
2. Pierre and I did have a very good time at the ball. 皮埃爾與我確實(shí)在舞會(huì)上玩得很開心。
助動(dòng)詞do / does / did + 動(dòng)詞原形表示 “確實(shí)，的確，一定”。常常用在肯定句或祈使句中，起加強(qiáng)語氣的作用。有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化。例如：
_______send me e-mail immediately you arrive at Beijing. 你一到北京，一定要給我發(fā)電子郵件
He __________ smoke two packs of cigarettes every day. 他確實(shí)每天抽兩包煙。
You ________look nice today. 你今天看起來真漂亮。
We ________need help those days. 在那些日子里我們的確需要幫助。
____ careful while crossing the street.
A. Your being B. To be C. Do be D. Being
3. be (was / were) to do 此結(jié)構(gòu)表示安排、命令、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、用途、可能性、命中注定等。
You are to be back by 11 o'clock. 你得在11點(diǎn)鐘前回來。(命令)
I am to inform you that the meeting will be held in Hangzhou.我謹(jǐn)通知你會(huì)議在杭州舉行。(職責(zé))
A knife is to cut with. 刀是用來切割的。(用途)
They were never to meet again. 他們注定以后永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)見面。(命中注定)
4. Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.
這種句式叫“祈使句 + and /or + 陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，有時(shí)候，祈使句中的動(dòng)詞可省略。
Work harder, and you'll find it not difficult to learn. 再用功一點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)它不難學(xué)。
Hurry up, or you will be late. 快一點(diǎn)，否則你會(huì)遲到。
More effort, and you can finish it in time.再加把勁，你會(huì)按時(shí)完成它。
練習(xí)：I ____ the accident with my own eyes last night.
A. did see B. do see C. have seen D. did saw
5. I’m sorry, but I don’t think I know you. I’m sorry, but… 還有Excuse me, but… 如：
I’m sorry, but I would rather stay at home. Excuse me, but would you please tell me the time?
6. Having realised that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment.
Having realised是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，在句中作狀語，表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前，相當(dāng)于When I had realised that… 一般式v.-ing 表示該動(dòng)作與句子謂語的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或在其后發(fā)生。其否定形式是在v-ing前加not。
Having finished his homework, the boy decided to play football for a while.
Not having cleaned the classroom, they couldn't go home.
練習(xí)：_______________________ in class, the girl felt very happy. 那個(gè)姑娘在班上得到表揚(yáng)，…
__________________________, we couldn’t get in touch with her. 不知道她的電話號(hào)碼，…
______________________(work)among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.
_________________________________, he decided to write another letter. 沒有收到答復(fù)，…
(2004北京) ____ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To Wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited
7. pick out, pick up與pick off的區(qū)別
① pick out 挑出，辨認(rèn)出 ②pick off 摘下來 ③pick one’s pocket 扒某人的口袋
④ pick up 拾起；偶然獲得/學(xué)會(huì)； (用車)接；恢復(fù)(健康)；中途搭載；加快速度
My sister is going with me to help me pick ___________ a new suit.
Henry's been ill, but he's picking ___________ again now.
I can pick ___________my sister in the crowd. The gardener picked ________ the dead flowers.
If you go to England you’ll soon pick __________ English.
The car stopped to pick me __________.
改錯(cuò)：(1) I can pick on my friend among the crowd.
(2) I will pick you off at six o’clock. (3) There’re 10 minutes left. Please pick over speed.
8. get +過去分詞
(1) 具有被動(dòng)意義，多用來表示主語遭受某種損失、傷害，或者不能提供具體的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者
⑴ The boy got lost in the forest. ⑵ I got caught in the traffic jam yesterday.
⑶ Her son got killed in the war. ⑷ My bike got stolen the other day.
(2) 無被動(dòng)意義，表示使自己處于某狀態(tài)或情況
He got dressed quickly. Hearing the news, we got excited. get married getting bored
(3) 其他get結(jié)構(gòu)：get （sb./sth.）doing使某人做起某事來，使某物進(jìn)入…（狀態(tài)）
get sb. to do sth. get sth. done =have sth. done 表示遭遇或請(qǐng)人做某事
She got her finger _____________(catch)in the door.
Just get them ________________(finish) up as quickly as possible.
With the help of engineer, we soon got the machine _________(go)well.
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