◆drown v.
表示“淹死”、“淹沒”,可用作及物或不及物動詞。如:
She drowned herself in the lake. 她投湖自殺了。
A drowning man will catch at a straw. 溺水者稻草也想攀。
He drowned while swimming in the sea. 他在大海里游泳時淹死了。
由于用作及物或不及物動詞,在表示某人被淹死時,用主動語態(tài)或被動語態(tài)均可。如:
他上周星期日被淹死了。
正:He drowned last Sunday. (主動語態(tài),不及物用法)
正:He was drowned last Sunday. (被動語態(tài),及物用法)
注:比較而言,在現(xiàn)代英語中 drown用作及物動詞的情形比用作不及物動詞的情形要多。
◆due adj.
1. 表示“到期的”、“應(yīng)付(給)的”、“到期應(yīng)付的”,通常只用作表語。如:
The bill is due. 這張票據(jù)已到期。
My salary is due tomorrow. 我明天領(lǐng)薪。
表示應(yīng)付給或應(yīng)給予某人,通常與介詞 to 連用。如:
A great deal of money is due to you. 要付給你一大筆錢。
Respect is due to older people. 年長者應(yīng)受到尊重。
Our grateful thanks are due to you. 我們衷心感謝你。
2. 表示“預(yù)定的”、“約定的”、“預(yù)定要到達或發(fā)生的”,也通常用作表語。如:
When is the train due? 火車什么時候到?
I’m due for a pay rise soon. 我不久就要加薪了。
其后可接不定式。如:
The guests are due to arrive very soon. 客人很快就會到。
The meeting isn’t due to start until four. 會議預(yù)定要到四點才召開。
3. 表示“適當(dāng)?shù)摹薄ⅰ昂线m的”、“應(yīng)得的”,通常只放在名詞前作定語。如:
We should pay due attention to this problem. 我們應(yīng)對這個問題給予適當(dāng)?shù)淖⒁狻?/p>
You must put these things in due order. 你必須把這些東西按適當(dāng)?shù)捻樞蚍藕谩?/p>
4. 用于 due to(由于,因為)。按照傳統(tǒng)語法 due to 主要引導(dǎo)表語,一般不引導(dǎo)狀語。如:
His absence was due to the storm. 他因暴風(fēng)雨而缺席。
Her success was due to her hard work. 她成功是因為她努力工作。
但是在現(xiàn)代英語中,due to 也可用來引導(dǎo)狀語。如:
He was late due to the very heavy traffic. 由于交通擁擠他遲到了。
◆during prep.
1. 表示“在……期間”,是介詞,不要將其誤用作連詞。如:
他在巴黎期間,與他的朋友住在一起。
誤:During he was in Paris, he lived with his friends.
正:While he was in Paris, he lived with his friends.
正:During his stay in Paris, he lived with his friends.
由于 during 本身為介詞,其后通常不再接介詞短語。如:
誤:During in Paris, he lived with his friends.
2. during 和 for 均可表示一段時間,但兩者有差別:during 通常表示事件發(fā)生的在何時(when),而 for則表示事件持續(xù)了多長時間(how long)。如:
He was in hospital for six weeks during the summer. 他在夏天住了六個星期的醫(yī)院。
A:When did he die? 他是什么時候死的?
B:During the last war. 是在上次戰(zhàn)爭中。(此句不能用 for)
A:How long did you live there? 你在那兒住過多久?
B:For about three years. 大約三年。(此句不能用 during)
本文來自:逍遙右腦記憶 http://www.yy-art.cn/gaozhong/1003078.html
相關(guān)閱讀:英語短語學(xué)習(xí):陷入困境