Children of obese parents may be at risk for developmental delays, according to a study by researchers at the National Institutes of Health. The investigators found that children of obese mothers were more likely to fail tests of fine motor skill — the ability to control movement of small muscles, such as those in the fingers and hands. Children of obese fathers were more likely to fail measures of social competence, and those born to extremely obese couples also were more likely to fail tests of problem solving ability.

  根據(jù)美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院的研究人員的研究，肥胖父母的孩子可能有發(fā)育遲緩的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，母親肥胖有可能影響孩子的精細(xì)運(yùn)動(dòng)技能，包括控制小肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)的能力，如手指和手的運(yùn)動(dòng)。肥胖父親的孩子有可能有較差的社交能力。對(duì)于那些父母都很胖的孩子，解決問題的能力可能更差。

  The study, appearing in Pediatrics, was conducted by scientists at the NIH’s Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).

  該研究出現(xiàn)在兒科，由美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院的尤尼斯肯尼迪斯里弗國立兒童健康和人類發(fā)展研究所(NICHD)的科學(xué)家進(jìn)行。

  “The previous U.S. studies in this area have focused on the mothers’ pre- and post-pregnancy weight,” said the study’s first author, Edwina Yeung, Ph.D., an investigator in NICHD’s Division of Intramural Population Health Research. “Our study is one of the few that also includes information about fathers, and our results suggest that dad’s weight also has significant influence on child development.”

  該研究的第一作者，NICHD 的健康研究部門的 Edwina Yeung 博士說：“美國以前在該領(lǐng)域的研究關(guān)注的是母親的孕前和孕后體重，我們的研究是少數(shù)幾個(gè)將父親的體重納入關(guān)注的研究之一，我們的研究結(jié)果表明，爸爸的體重也對(duì)兒童發(fā)育有重大影響�！�

  Dr. Yeung and her coauthors cited research indicating that about 1 in 5 pregnant women in the United States is overweight or obese.

  楊博士及其合作者引用的研究表明，美國約有五分之一的孕婦超重或肥胖。

  In the study, authors reviewed data collected from the Upstate KIDS study, which originally sought to determine if fertility treatments could affect child development from birth through age 3. More than 5,000 women enrolled in the study roughly 4 months after giving birth in New York State (excluding New York City) between 2019 and . To assess development, parents completed the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (link is external) after performing a series of activities with their children. The test isn’t used to diagnose specific disabilities, but serves as a screen for potential problems, so that children can be referred for further testing.

  在該研究中，作者收集了從北部 KIDS 研究的數(shù)據(jù)，這一研究最初是為了確定不孕治療是否會(huì)影響 0 到 3 歲兒童的發(fā)育。2019 年至2019 年在紐約州有超過 5000 名婦女在分娩后大約 4 個(gè)月內(nèi)參加了此研究。為了評(píng)估孩子的發(fā)育，家長在與孩子們進(jìn)行一系列活動(dòng)后完成了相應(yīng)年齡階段的問卷調(diào)查。該測(cè)試不用于診斷特定的疾病，僅作為潛在問題的篩查，所以兒童可以參考進(jìn)一步測(cè)試。

  Children in the study were tested at 4 months of age and retested 6 more times through age 3. When they enrolled, mothers also provided information on their health and weight — before and after pregnancy — and the weight of their partners.

  研究中的兒童在4個(gè)月齡時(shí)進(jìn)行測(cè)試，并在 3 歲時(shí)重新測(cè)試多次。當(dāng)他們注冊(cè)時(shí)，母親還提供了他們?cè)趹言星昂蟮慕】岛腕w重以及他們的伴侶體重的信息。

  Compared to children of normal weight mothers, children of obese mothers were nearly 70 percent more likely to have failed the test indicator on fine motor skill by age 3. Children of obese fathers were 75 percent more likely to fail the test’s personal-social domain — an indicator of how well they were able to relate to and interact with others by age 3. Children with two obese parents were nearly three times more likely to fail the test’s problem solving section by age 3.

  與正常體重母親的孩子相比，肥胖母親的孩子在3歲時(shí)進(jìn)行精細(xì)運(yùn)動(dòng)技能測(cè)試失敗的可能性接近70%。肥胖父親的孩子社會(huì)方面的測(cè)試有75%的可能會(huì)失敗，這是他們?cè)?歲時(shí)能夠與他人相處并互動(dòng)的指標(biāo)。雙親都肥胖的孩子在3歲前解決問題失敗的幾率是其他孩子的三倍。

  It is not known why parental obesity might increase children’s risk for developmental delay. The authors note that animal studies indicate that obesity during pregnancy may promote inflammation, which could affect the fetal brain. Less information is available on the potential effects of paternal obesity on child development. The authors added that some studies have indicated that obesity could affect the expression of genes in sperm.

  研究人員也不清楚為什么父母的肥胖會(huì)增加兒童發(fā)育遲緩的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。作者指出，動(dòng)物研究表明，在懷孕期間的肥胖可能促進(jìn)炎癥，這可能會(huì)影響胎兒的大腦。關(guān)于父親肥胖對(duì)兒童發(fā)展的潛在影響的研究分長常少。作者補(bǔ)充說，有一些研究表明，肥胖可能會(huì)影響基因在精子中的表達(dá)。

  If the link between parental obesity and developmental delays is confirmed, the authors wrote, physicians may need to take parental weight into account when screening young children for delays and early interventional services.

  如果父母的肥胖和孩子發(fā)育遲緩之間的關(guān)系得到確認(rèn)，在篩查兒童發(fā)育延緩和早期介入指導(dǎo)兒童發(fā)育時(shí)，醫(yī)生可能需要將父母的體重也考慮進(jìn)來。

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