一. 作主語(yǔ)
1. 直接位于句首
eg. Swimming is a good sport in summer.
2. 用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞(真實(shí)主語(yǔ))置于句尾作后置主語(yǔ)。
eg. It is no use telling him not to worry.
* important，essential，necessary 等形容詞不能用于上述結(jié)構(gòu)。
3. 用于“There be”結(jié)構(gòu)中
eg. There is no saying when he'll come.
4. 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ):當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)，�？梢栽谇懊婕由弦粋�(gè)名詞或代詞的所有格，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu), 動(dòng)名詞疑問(wèn)句通常使用這種結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)
eg. Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
Does your saying that mean anything to him?
二. 作賓語(yǔ)
1. 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)
某些動(dòng)詞后出現(xiàn)非限定性動(dòng)詞時(shí)只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能用不定式。不定式通常指某種特定的動(dòng)作，但動(dòng)名詞表示泛指，常見(jiàn)的此類動(dòng)詞有：
admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,give up,cannot help,imagine,include,keep,understand,keepon,mind,report,risk,miss,put off,delay,practise,resist,suggest,depend on,think about,set about,succeed in,worry about,burst out,insist on,feel like,be used to,get used to,devote…to…，look forward to,pay attention to,get down to,escape and so on.
eg. They went on walking and never stopped talking.他們繼續(xù)走，說(shuō)個(gè)不停。
2．作介詞的賓語(yǔ)
動(dòng)詞+介詞+動(dòng)名詞
eg.The rain prevented us from finishing the project.
形容詞+介詞+動(dòng)名詞
eg. I know who is responsible for breaking the window.
名詞+介詞+動(dòng)名詞
eg. We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term.
3．作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)
eg. We are busy preparing for the coming test.
三. 作表語(yǔ)：動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)常是無(wú)生命的事物的名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞與主語(yǔ)通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系，表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)可互換位置。如果句中的主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)同為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要注意保持兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞在形式上的一致。
eg. Your task is cleaning the windows.
四. 作定語(yǔ): 動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)往往表示被修飾詞的某種用途。如：
eg. a reading room.（a room for reading）
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