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高一英語語法：多姿多彩的with結(jié)構(gòu)

With是個介詞，基本的意思是“用”，但它也可以協(xié)助構(gòu)成一個極為多采多姿的句型，在句子中起兩種作用;副詞與形容詞。

with在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中起副詞作用：

1.“with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞或短語”，如：

(1) This article deals with common social ills, with particular attention being paid to vandalism.

2.“with+賓語+過去分詞或短語”，如：

(2) With different techniques used, different results can be obtained.

(3) The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands.

3.“with+賓語+形容詞或短語”，如：

(4) With so much water vapour present in the room, some iron-made utensils have become rusty easily.

(5) Every night, Helen sleeps with all the windows open.

4.“with+賓語+介詞短語”，如：

(6) With the school badge on his shirt, he looks all the more serious.

(7) With the security guard near the gate no bad character could do any thing illegal.

5.“with+賓語+副詞虛詞”，如：

(8) You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on.

(9) How can you lock the door with your guests in?

上面五種“with”結(jié)構(gòu)的副詞功能，相當(dāng)普遍，尤其是在科技英語中。

接著談“with”結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞功能，有下列五種：

一、“with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞或短語”，如：

(10) The body with a constant force acting on it. moves at constant pace.

(11) Can you see the huge box with a long handle attaching to it ?

二、“with+賓語+過去分詞或短語”

(12) Throw away the container with its cover sealed.

(13) Atoms with the outer layer filled with electrons do not form compounds.

三、“with+賓語+形容詞或短語”，如：

(14) Put the documents in the filing container with all the drawers open.

四、“with+賓語+介詞短語”，如：

(15) The young lady with a red ribbon on her head is my former maths teacher.

(16) Do you know the gentleman with both hands in his pockets?

五、“with+賓語+副詞虛詞，”如：

(17) Is there any water in the kettle with this cover off ?

(18) Out went the boy scouts with their uniforms on.

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