【編者按】代詞在近幾年高考試題中的復(fù)現(xiàn)率為100%，每年至少測試一道題。測試代詞常用對話形式，構(gòu)成特定語境，考查考生靈活運(yùn)用代詞的能力。代詞指代的范圍、作主語時(shí)主謂一致的用法、易混不定代詞的細(xì)微差別都是高考的必考點(diǎn)。其中不定代詞one，the one，ones與that，those，it的用法區(qū)別。
專題三 代詞
考點(diǎn)一､ 考查one(s), that, those, it的用法
[考點(diǎn)解讀]
● one泛指一個(gè)人或物｡其復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones｡ one和the one作同位語時(shí),如果與其同位的詞語是特指,則用the one;如果是泛指,則用one,｡
● that指代前面提到過的名詞,常有后置定語｡ that的復(fù)數(shù)形式是those｡ that可指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(= the one), 也可指代不可數(shù)名詞,或指代前面提到過的一件事｡
● it可指代前面提到過的一 個(gè)名詞,如例7;指代一件事,如例8;指代不明性別的嬰兒或不明確的人,也可指代時(shí)間､天氣､距離等0｡
二､ 考查all, both, either, neither, none, no one的用法
[考點(diǎn)解讀]
● both表示“兩個(gè)人或物都”,具有肯定含義; either表示“兩者中的 任何一個(gè)”,如例13; neither表示“兩者都不”｡
● all表示“全部”,指三者或三者以上的人或物,;all也可籠統(tǒng)地表示“一切,所有”, none表示“三者或三者以上的人或物的全部否定”,在與of連用或回答how many/much的提問時(shí)只能用none, no one表示“沒有一個(gè)人”,
三､ 考查another, the other, others, the others的用法
[考點(diǎn)解讀]
● another泛指 三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物中不確定的另一個(gè),如例19｡ another還可以作形容詞,表示“另一個(gè)的”
● the other指已知的兩個(gè)人或物中的另一個(gè)
● others和“other + 名詞”均泛指“別的人或物”
● the others指“一定范圍內(nèi)其余的人或物”,如例23｡如果被指代的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞,則用the rest替代,
四､ 考查(a) little, (a) few, some, any的用法
[考點(diǎn)解讀]
● few和little可用作代詞和形容詞｡ few和a few可以修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)｡ few有否定含義, a few有肯定含義, little和a little可以修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞｡ little有否定含義, a little含肯定含義,｡
● some和any表示“一些”,可用作代詞和形容詞｡ some用于肯定句,如例31; any用于否定句､疑問句和條件句中, some也可用于疑問句,如例32和例33; any也可用于肯定陳述句中,表示“任何一個(gè)”,
五､ 考查something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, everything, everybody的用法及它們與else的搭配
[考點(diǎn)解讀]
● 由some和any構(gòu)成的不定代詞的用法和some和any的用法基本一致｡
● nothing和nobody/no one表示全部否定｡
● 無論在肯定句､否定句還是疑問句中, everything和everyone (everybody) 都表示“全部,所有”｡
● 不定代詞后跟else時(shí),表示“另外的,其他的”;形容詞修飾so mething/anything/nothing時(shí),應(yīng)置于不定代詞之后｡以上不定代詞連寫時(shí),不和of連用,every one可和of連用｡
【精選試題】 模擬題及其答案
1. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A. everything B. anything
C. something D. noth ing
2. “What do you think of them?” “I don’t know _____ is better, so I’ve taken _____ of them.”
A. what, both B. what, none
C. which, both C. which, none
3. “Would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of beer?” “____ will do, but milk is _____ popular with me.”
A. Neither, not B. Both, more
C. Either, the most D. All, the most
4. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?
A. where B. what
C. how D. which
5“Who told you?” “Oh, somebody or other, I’ve forgotten _____.”
A. what B. when
C. which D. who
6.Some of the students were late for the meeting, but I can’t remember _____.
A. what B. when
C. which D. whom
7. These trousers are dirty and wet — I’ll change into my _____.
A. another B. trousers
C. others D. other
8. Her lecture was hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to _____.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
9. There are four bedrooms, ______ with its own bathroom.
A. all B. each
C. every D. either
10. “ It’s said that he is a wise leader.” “Oh, no, he is _____ but a wise leader.”
A. anything B. anyone
C. anybody D. anywhere
11.I didn’t make clear when and where the sports meet would be held.
A.this B that C it D one
12 To tell you the truth..really don't like when people talk with you with their eyes stating into the sky.
A.which B that C it D.what
13.一Which one can I take?
一You can take of them;I’ll keep none.
A.both B.any C.either D.all
14.一Which coat would you prefer.sir?
一I’ll take ,to have n change sometimes.
A.allthem B.them dl C.both them D them b0Ih
15.The movie is boring;it is，in fact，rather exeiting and interesting
A anything but B nothing but C no more D all but
16 Alan sold most of his belongings.He has hardly left in the house
A.everything B.anything C.nothing D something
17.I have been lived in Shanghai for two years.butI haven’t covered of the city
A.anything B.much C many D plenty
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