1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

（1） 表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)在存在的狀態(tài)，常與sometimes, always, often, every day等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.
（2） 表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)等。如：The earth goes round the sun.
2、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
(1) 表示說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與now, at present等時(shí)間狀語連用。如：
What are you doing now?
(2) 和always, continually等連用，表一種經(jīng)常反復(fù)的動(dòng)作，常含有某種情感。如：
He is always doing good deeds.
3、 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
主要表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響，或動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或可能還要繼續(xù)下去，常與just, already, so far, once, never 等詞連用。如:Have you ever been to Beijing?
4、一般將來時(shí)
表示將來某一時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與tomorrow, next year等連用。如：
I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.
We're going to see a film next Monday.
5、一般過去時(shí)
表示在過去某一時(shí)間或某一階段內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等詞連用。如：It happened many years ago.
6、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)期正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：
What were you doing this time yesterday?
7、 過去完成時(shí)
表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動(dòng)作。如：
The train had already left before we arrived.
８、一般過去將來時(shí)
表示說話人從過去的角度來看將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：
He said he would come, but he didn't.
９、被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)，以give為例。

II．例題

　例１ I learned that her father ____ in 1950.
A had died B died C dead D is dead
解析：該題正確答案為Ｂ。從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作雖然發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前，但因從句中有明確的過去時(shí)間狀語in 1950, 所以不用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，而用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。

　例２ The five-year-old girl ____ by her parents.
A is looked B has looked for
C is being looked for D has been looked

　解析：該題正確答案為Ｃ。在帶有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)句中，介詞不能省，否則就變成了不及物動(dòng)詞短語，而不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中。

（五）動(dòng)詞虛擬語氣

I．要點(diǎn)
表示說的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。一般常用于正式的書面語中。
１、 虛擬語氣的構(gòu)成

　注：如果條件從句謂語動(dòng)詞包含有were或had, should, could有時(shí)可將if省去, 但要倒裝。如：
Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.
２、 虛擬語氣在各種從句的應(yīng)用
（１） 在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等，其謂語形式是"should(可省) ＋動(dòng)詞原形"，常用于以下三種句型中。
句型一：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…
句型二：It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…
句型三：It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…
如： It is strange that he (should) have done that.
It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.
It is requested that we (should) be so careless.
（２） 在賓語從句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中，表間接的命令和建議。其謂語形式是"(should)+動(dòng)詞原形"。如：
I suggest that we (should) go swimming.
（３） 在表語從句中，表示間接的命令，要求、請(qǐng)求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。從句謂語形式是"(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形"。如：
His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
（４） 在同位語從句中，謂語形式是"(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形"。如：
We received order that the work be done at once.
（５） 在It is time that…句型中，其謂語動(dòng)詞形式是"動(dòng)詞的過去式"或
"should ＋動(dòng)詞原形",should不可省。如：It's time (that) we went ( should go) to school.

II．例題
例１ We had hoped that he ____ longer.
A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay
解析：該題正確答案為Ｄ。had hoped表示"本希望"，同樣用法的動(dòng)詞還有think, expect等，后面的句子需用虛擬語氣
例２ "Mary wants to see you today".
"I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today."
A comes B came C should come D will come
解析：該題正確答案為Ｂ。would rather后面的從句需用虛擬語氣，用動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)表示。
例３ Had she been older, she ____ it better.
A had done B might have doneC might do D would do

本文來自：逍遙右腦記憶 http://www.yy-art.cn/gaozhong/196618.html

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