高中英語(yǔ)指導(dǎo):及物動(dòng)詞的用法及其講解

編輯: 逍遙路 關(guān)鍵詞: 高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源: 高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)


【編者按】“及物動(dòng)詞+介詞+賓語(yǔ)”(transitive verb+preposition+object),是常見(jiàn)的一種。所謂及物動(dòng)詞,就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、、、具體內(nèi)容請(qǐng)進(jìn)入大學(xué)頻道

高中英語(yǔ)指導(dǎo):及物動(dòng)詞的用法及其講解(1)

“及物動(dòng)詞+介詞+賓語(yǔ)”(transitive verb+preposition+object),是常見(jiàn)的一種。所謂及物動(dòng)詞,就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(predicative verb),不必通過(guò)介詞引薦賓語(yǔ)。相反的,不及物動(dòng)詞(intransitive verb)是不帶賓語(yǔ)的。有許多動(dòng)詞,雖然性質(zhì)是及物的,但不一定要有賓語(yǔ),如下列的①a和②a便是這種情形:

①a. We study every day.

b. Do you study English every day.

②a. Please write clearly next time.

b. Can you write your composition now?

如果本質(zhì)上就是不及物動(dòng)詞,就不會(huì)有賓語(yǔ);若要賓語(yǔ),就要借介詞之助,一起連用才行,如③b和④b;③a和④a是錯(cuò)的;

*③a. The children are listening the music.

b. The children are listening to the music.

*④a. She is laughing the crippled man.

b. She is laughing at the crippled man.

反之,及物動(dòng)詞不必靠介詞,就可以帶賓語(yǔ),如上述的①b和②b ,又如⑤和⑥:

⑤ John is giving a book to me.

⑥ Who will answer this question?

如果無(wú)意中把介詞加上,就錯(cuò)了,如:

*⑦ Who will answer to this question?

下列這句從房地產(chǎn)廣告中看到的句子,也犯了同樣的錯(cuò):

“We have many buyers awaiting for available units here.”

“Awaiting”是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,后面的介詞“for”是多余的,要去掉;不然把“awaiting”改為“waiting for”也行。

許多人習(xí)慣上喜歡把介詞加到及物動(dòng)詞后面,然后才帶出賓語(yǔ)。最常見(jiàn)的是“emphasize/stress on/upon”和“discuss about”,如:

⑧ Singaporeans seem to have emphasized on material gains.

⑨ In our education system, we stress upon examination results.

⑩ World leaders spent a lot of time discussing about worsening economic problems.


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