作為基本技能之一的“聽力”，在高考中具有不可忽視的地位。要求考生聽懂人們?nèi)粘?a href='http://www.yy-art.cn/rensheng/shenghuo/' target='_blank'>生活交際中所進(jìn)行的簡短對話和獨(dú)白�？忌鷳�(yīng)該能夠做到以下幾點(diǎn):

(1) 理解主旨要義: 它要求我們對聽到的內(nèi)容有一個(gè)整體的把握和全面的領(lǐng)會, 理解說話者究竟在說什么。任何一段對話或獨(dú)白都是圍繞一個(gè)中心展開的, 有時(shí)主旨大意較明顯, 有時(shí)則需要?dú)w納和概括。

(2) 獲取事實(shí)性的具體信息: 它要求我們聽清、聽懂與話題中心相關(guān)的具體信息, 準(zhǔn)確理解具體細(xì)節(jié),如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、價(jià)錢、數(shù)量、目的、原因、結(jié)果等。同時(shí), 還要求我們對所聽到的信息進(jìn)行簡單的處理, 比如數(shù)字運(yùn)算、時(shí)間排序、比較篩選、同義轉(zhuǎn)換等。

(3) 對所聽內(nèi)容做出簡單推斷: 它要求我們從對話或獨(dú)白的話題和語氣中來推斷出對話雙方(或說話人)的職業(yè)或身份, 彼此之間(或與他人)的關(guān)系, 對話發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或場合等。

(4) 理解說話者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度: 它要求我們從話語中聽出“弦外之音”, 也就是揣摩說話人的意圖、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度。從最近幾年高考試題分析可歸納以下幾個(gè)考點(diǎn):

考點(diǎn)一: 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)類

1. 地點(diǎn)場景類

考例 1: Where does the conversation most probably take place? (2008閩、蘇、皖、贛卷)

A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. At home.

聽力原文：W: OK, time to go home.

M: I can’t, because I haven’t finished the report about the newly opened restaurant.

W: Well, if you carry on working like that, you’ll make yourself ill.

解析: 根據(jù)對話中 “ time to go home. … I can’t, because I haven’t finished the report”就可以推斷出是在辦公室。

地點(diǎn)題選項(xiàng)一般由表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或介詞加這類名詞組成。有些地點(diǎn)是對話中直接提到的, 有些是需要根據(jù)對話的內(nèi)容來判斷的, 還有的兩者兼而有之。地點(diǎn)類�？嫉牡攸c(diǎn)一般為機(jī)場、實(shí)驗(yàn)室、學(xué)校、商店、車站、圖書館、餐館、醫(yī)院、郵局等。常見的提問方式: 1. Where does this conversation probably take place? / 2. Where did it happen? / 3. Where is…? / 4. What kind of store is she going to?

關(guān)鍵詞: Bank: account, cash, check, savings.

School: campus, dorm, grades, lecture, paper, exam, grades, playground, teacher.

Restaurant: menu, soup, drink, order, bill.

Airport / Station : train, time table, take off, passenger, flight.

Post office: parcel, package, stamp, postage, letter, airmail.

Hospital: cold, fever, pain, cough, trouble, temperature.

2. 時(shí)間類

考例2: When will the two speakers leave if they get cheaper tickets? (2007湖南卷)

A. On Tuesday. B. On Thursday C. On Friday

聽力原文：M: Those tickets on Tuesday are so expensive. Can’t you find anything better before Friday?

W: Well, if we want cheaper tickets, we have to leave on Thursday.

解析: 根據(jù)對話中 “we have to leave on Thursday” 就可以直接得出答案。

在時(shí)間類題目中,當(dāng)對時(shí)間進(jìn)行提問時(shí),也可能不用數(shù)字而用表示時(shí)間的短語來表示,考生應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

a. 根據(jù)表示時(shí)間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞來判斷事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間,如: before, after, when, while, then, until, later, right away, immediately, as soon as possible等。

b. 掌握年、月、日、星期等時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法。注意一些表示時(shí)間的詞, 如 quarter, a couple of days, eve, fortnight (two weeks), dawn (daybreak), dusk (time just before it gets quite back) 等。同時(shí)注意英、美不同的時(shí)間表達(dá)方式,如：2 : 15讀作 a quarter past two(英)或 two fifteen(美); 2：30讀作 half past two (英) two thirty(美)等。

c. 有時(shí)候,文中通過從句或短語表示時(shí)間,而不出現(xiàn)具體表示時(shí)間的數(shù)字或表示時(shí)間概念的單詞,這種情況也要引起注意。例如：“Aren’t you glad the term’s over?”可以判斷出時(shí)間為“at the end of the term”。常見的提問方式有: 1. When does the conversation take place? / 2. When does the man want to leave? / 3. How long did it take the man to ….? / 4. When did the football match start?

關(guān)鍵詞: ago, before, after, when, until, later, immediately, quarter, a couple of days, fortnight, decade, etc..

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