應用文的閱讀方法
　　應用文不同于一般普通的文章，應用文措辭簡潔明了、直截了當。應用文是一種使用范圍比較廣泛的文體，象廣告、書信、列車或飛機的時刻表、產(chǎn)品說明書、宣傳海報、簡明新聞等都屬于應用文，他們的目的都是為了向讀者傳輸信息。在閱讀這類文章時主要是注意細節(jié)信息，做題時，根據(jù)所提問題用尋讀、跳讀的方法更有效。
　　了解了應用文的措辭和內(nèi)容特點，我們在實踐中總結(jié)出讀應用文的關(guān)鍵是：抓信息。例如：
　　（05江西卷 C段）
　　OUR KIDS ARE AMAZING－especially compared with everybody elses (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show your love for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value－because you are the boss.
　　1．FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET
　　Here is a toy that doesnt need power－and the bike have to put it together themselves. This 50-piece puzzle set is made of soft-edged hardwood and makes a complete hospital, with an X-ray room. It also includes eight patients, a car and a driver.  $135; flaxart.com.
　　2．TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL
　　Sure, its cool, but this colorful baby toy also develops problem solving and motor skills. It has a head and legs, a magnetic(磁性的) hand and a tail. Suitable for little ones from 6 to 36 months.  $19．95; tinylove.com.
　　3．ROBOSAPIEN
　　This small, remote-control robot is really powerful. It performs 67 preprogrammed functions(功能), including throwing, kicking, picking up and dancing. You can even program your own function-which, sadly, does not include doing windows. $99;  robosapienonline.com.
　　4．MINI PEDAL CAR
　　Want a Mini Cooper but cant fit the family inside? Get one for the kids. They can jump into this Mini car, which comes in hot orange with a single adjustable(可調(diào)的) seat, and ride away. But it could spoil them for that used car theyll be driving when they turn 16．For ages 3 to 5．$189; miniusA．com  (click on gear up, then Mini motoring gear).
　　解析：快速scanning，我們知道這是一篇關(guān)于兒童玩具的廣告。抓信息是關(guān)鍵，要抓住對我們答題有用的信息。我們先看問題，看題目對什么信息提問，這樣就能做到有的放矢，先看64題。
　　64．Which toy is said to have the special design for childrens safety?
　　A．ROBOSAPIEN
　　B．MINI PEDAL CAR
　　C．FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET
　　D．TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL
　　該題問哪一個玩具為孩子的安全做了特別的設計？回到原文，我們很快發(fā)現(xiàn)在1．FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET中有This 50-piece puzzle set is made of soft-edged hardwood and makes a complete hospital, with an X-ray room.一句描述，注意句中的soft-edged，我們可得出答案：C。
　　65．Which toy are fit for three-year-old kids?
　　A．1 and 3． B．2 and 4． C．I and 2． D．3 and 4．
　　采用尋讀的方法，很快找到答案：B。
　　66．Educational value is mentioned in all the toys EXCETP _________.
　　A．FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SET
　　B．TINY LVE ACTIVITY BALL
　　C．ROBOSAPIEN
　　D．MINI PEDAL CAR
　　快速掃描四種玩具的特點，我們很快就能找到相關(guān)信息，得出答案：B。
　　67．This passage is written for __________.
　　A．parents B．children C．the writer D．the boss
　　家長才會給孩子買玩具，不言而喻，答案：A。
　　【實戰(zhàn)演練練習二十六】（05山東卷 D篇）
　　Use your American Express Card to enjoy one-day privileges at four of Americas greatest museums. Note the participating museums, and their exciting special exhibitions that you will not want to miss, listed below.
　　Boston
　　Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
　　Chairs
　　February 11--May 8, 2005
　　Italian furniture expert Fausto Calderai and Indian photographer Dayanita Singh present an exhibition of chairs from the museums collection and chair photographs from around the world presented in a Venetian-style hall housing world-famous masterpieces.
　　For more information: www.gardnermuseum.org
　　New York
　　The Noguchi Museum
　　Noguchi and Graham
　　December 1, 2004--May 1, 2005
　　Noguchis long-term collaboration with dancer Martha Graham is regarded by many as a high point in the history of both modern dance and art. The exhibition highlights nine of the sets created through this collaboration.
　　For more information: www.noguchi.org
　　Philadelphia
　　Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
　　In Full View: American Painting(1720--2005)
　　January 11--April 10, 2005
　　Founded in 1805, the Pennsylvania Academy has been home to Americas artists for 200 years. The Academy collects and exhibits the works of famous American artists, and is well-known for training fine artists. 2005 at the Academy begins with the largest exhibition of Academys distinguished American collection in the institutions history.
　　For more information: www.pafA．org
　　Seattle
　　Seattle Museum of Glass
　　Murano: Glass from the Olnick Spanu Collection
　　Through November 7, 2004
　　This exhibition includes over 200 pieces of beautiful glass from Murano, the island of glassblowers near Venice, Italy. Watch live glass-blowing shows in the Hot Shop and see other modern glass exhibitions.
　　For more information: www.museumofglass.org
　　69．Which of the following websites offers information about the furniture show?
　　A．www.pafA．org   B．www. museumofglass.org
　　C．www.noguchi.org  D．www.gardnermuseum.org
　　70．We learn from the text that Martha Graham is _____.
　　A．a(chǎn) dancer B．a(chǎn) glassblower C．a(chǎn) painter D．a(chǎn) photographer
　　71．If you want to know the history of American painting, you may visit _____.
　　A．the Noguchi Museum  B．Seattle Museum of Glass
　　C．Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum  D．Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts

 

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