副詞的概念:
副詞是指在句子中表示行為或狀態(tài)特征的詞,用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞乃至整個句子,表示時間、地點、程度、方式等概念。
副詞的位置:
1)在動詞之前。
2)在be動詞、助動詞之后。
3)多個助動詞時,副詞一般放在第一個助動詞后。
注意:
a. 大多數(shù)方式副詞位于句尾,但賓語過長,副詞可以提前,以使句子平衡。
如:We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.
b. 方式副詞well,badly糟、壞,hard等只放在句尾。
如:He speaks English well.
副詞的排列順序:
1)時間,地點副詞,小單位的在前,大單位在后。
2)方式副詞,短的在前,長的在后,并用and或but等連詞連接。
如:Please write slowly and carefully.
3)多個不同副詞排列:程度+地點+方式+時間副詞。
注意:副詞very可以修飾形容詞,但不能修飾動詞。
改錯:(錯)I very like English.
(對)I like English very much.
注意:副詞enough要放在形容詞的后面,形容詞enough放在名詞前后都可。
如:I don't know him well enough.
There is enough food for everyone to eat.
There is food enough for everyone to eat.
兼有兩種形式的副詞:
1)close與closely:
close意思是“近”;closely意思是“仔細地”。
如: He is sitting close to me.
Watch him closely.
2)late與lately:
late意思是"晚";lately意思是“最近” 。
如:You have come too late.
What have you been doing lately?
3)deep與deeply:
deep意思是“深”,表示空間深度;deeply時常表示感情上的深度,“深深地”。
如:He pushed the stick deep into the mud.
Even father was deeply moved by the film.
4)high與highly:
high表示空間高度;highly表示程度,相當于much。
如:The plane was flying high.
I think highly of your opinion.
5)wide與widely:
wide表示空間寬度;widely意思是“廣泛地”,“在許多地方”。
如:He opened the door wide.
English is widely used in the world.
6)free與freely:
free的意思是“免費”;freely的意思是“無限制地”。
如:You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.
You may speak freely, say what you like.
副詞知識體系:
相關(guān)高中英語知識點:副詞的比較級
副詞的比較級:
副詞和形容詞一樣,也有它的比較級形式。表示兩個人或事物之間的比較。用來修飾形容詞、動詞、其他副詞或者整個句子。
副詞的比較級的用法:
1)單獨使用:
如:Try to do better next time.下次爭取干好一點。
I had seen the film only a few days earlier. 我是幾天前才看的這部電影。
He'll come back sooner or later. 他遲早會回來的。
Please speak more slowly. 請講慢一點。
I determined not to travel farther that night. 我決定那天晚上不再往前走了。
2)和than一起使用:
如:He swims better than I do. 他游泳游得比我好。
He works less than he used to. 他工作的時間比以前少了。
Can you do any better than that? 你能不能干的好一些?
He arrived earlier than usual. 他到的比平時早。
He studied the subject further than I do. 這問題他研究得比我深。
3)比較級前可有狀語修飾:
如:You must work much faster. 你必須大大加快干活的速度。
He walked no further. 他沒在往前走。
She could dance even more gracefully than a dancer. 她能比舞蹈演員跳的更美。
Helen came late, but her sister came still later.海倫來晚了,而她妹妹來得更晚。
Can you come over a bit more quickly? 你能稍稍快點來嗎?
as...as和notso...as結(jié)構(gòu):
1)as...as可用在肯定句中,表示“像…一樣”,后面的副詞要用原級:
如:She can run as fast as a deer. 她能跑的像鹿一樣快。
They work as hard as you do. 他們工作像你一樣努力。
I hate him as much as you do. 我像你一樣恨他。
2)在否定句中,as...as和so...as都可以用:
如:I don't go there as much as I used. 我現(xiàn)在到那里不象過去那么多了。
Ididn't do as(so) well as I should. 我做的不如我應(yīng)做的那么好。
I can't jump so(as) loudly as Bill. 我跳高不如比爾。
3)這種句子中也可以有一個表示程度的狀語:
如:I don't speak half as(so) well as you. 我講的不及你的一半好。
She can read twice as fast as he does. 她閱讀的速度比他快一倍。
The substancere acts three times as fast as the other one. 這種物質(zhì)的反應(yīng)速度是另一種物質(zhì)的三倍。
副詞比較級的構(gòu)成:
副詞的比較級的構(gòu)成與形容詞的類似,有規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化。
規(guī)則變化:
原級 | 比較級 |
hard | harder |
fast | faster |
early | earlier |
多數(shù)副詞是在前面加more構(gòu)成比較級 | more quickly |
more slowly | |
more carefully |
不規(guī)則變化:
原級 | 比較級 |
badly | worse |
much | more |
far | farther |
further | |
well | better |
little | less |
比較等級用法注意事項:
1)比較的對象應(yīng)當一致。
如:It's hotter in Guang zhou than Beijing.(誤)
It's hotter in Guang zhou than in Beijing.(正)
A woman's heart beats faster than a man.(誤)
A woman's heart beats faster than a man's.(正)
2)不能與自身相比較。應(yīng)借助other或else來表達排除。
如: Beckham is more popular than any footbal lplayer in the world.(誤)
Beckham is more popular than any other football player in the world(正)
Beckham is more popular than all the other football players in the world.(正)
Beckham is more popular than any football player, else in the world.(正)
Beckham is the most popular football player in the world.(正)
3)形容詞和副詞的比較級前可以用以下單詞來修飾:much,even,far,abit,alittle,alot,still等。
如:This pair of shoes is even cheaper.
The new text book is a little thicker than the old one.
He is five years younger thanI.
4)在比較級的句子中出現(xiàn)“of the two”之類的結(jié)構(gòu)時,比較級前也需加定冠詞the。
如:He is the shorter of the two boys.
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
5)“比較級+and+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“越來越……”,多音節(jié)詞則要用“more+and+more+原級”。
如:A block of ice is becoming smaller and smaller.
I am more and more interested in history.
6)“the+比較級,the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“越是……就越”。
如:The sooner, the better.(越快越好。)
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
相關(guān)高中英語知識點:疑問副詞
疑問副詞的概念:
疑問副詞用來引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句,表示時間,地點,方式,原因等,常見的有:when, where, how, why等。
疑問副詞的特點:
疑問副詞有when,where,why,how等,用于引出特殊疑問句:
如:Where do you come from? 你是哪里人?
When will it beready? 這什么時候能準備好?
Why was she crying? 她剛才為什么哭?
使用疑問副詞應(yīng)注意的幾點:
(1)疑問副詞用于引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句,通常位于句首,但有時也不一定:
如:Without friends where are we? 沒有朋友我們會怎樣?
(2)疑問副詞引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句時,其后應(yīng)接一般疑問句,但有時可有所省略:
如:Why argue with him? 為什么要與跟他爭吵?
Why not ask the teacher?/ Why don't you ask the teacher? 為什么不問問老師呢?
注:Why或Whynot后接動詞原形,不接帶to不定式,主要用于現(xiàn)在或?qū)恚挥糜谶^去,如不說:why not tell me yesterday? 應(yīng)改為:Why didn't you tell me yesterday?(昨天為什么不告訴我?)(3)有時兩個疑問副詞連用:
如:When and where were you born? 你生于何時何地?
相關(guān)高中英語知識點:連接副詞
連接副詞的概念:
連接副詞可分為兩類,一類是用于連接句子或從句,常見的有therefore, otherwise, however, moreover, still, thus, meanwhile等,另一類是用于引導(dǎo)從句或不定式,主要有when, why, where, how等。 例如:We all tried our best; however, we lost the game.
Tell me when we shall leave.
I do not know how to find him.
連接副詞的分類:
連接副詞可分為兩類,一類是用于連接句子或從句,常見的有therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, still, thus, meanwhile等;
另一類是用于引導(dǎo)從句或不定式,主要的有when, why, where, how等。
連接句子或從句的連接副詞:
其性質(zhì)類似于并列連詞,使用時其前通常用分號或句號;若其前用逗號,則通常帶有并列連詞(如and):
如:I don't like it; besides, it's too expensive. 我不喜歡它,而且也太貴了。
We all tried our best; however, we lost the game./ We all tried our best. However, we lost the game. 我們都已盡了最大的努力,不過我們還是輸了。
注意:有的連接副詞(如however等)后通常有逗號與句子的其他成分隔開。另外,有的這類副詞還可位于句中或句末:
如:Peter is our youngest child, and we have three others besides. 彼昨是我們最小的孩子,我們另外還有三個孩子。
He may, however, come later. 不過,他也許一會兒就到。
We all tried out best. We lost the game, however.我 們都已盡了最大的努力,不過我們還是輸了。
引導(dǎo)從句和不定式的連接副詞:
用于引導(dǎo)從句(名詞性從句)或不定式的連接副詞主要有when, why, where, how等:
如:Tell me when we shall leave./ Tell me when to leave. 告訴我什么時候離開。
I don't know how I can find him./ I don't know how to find him. 我不知道如何找到他。
Where we can get the money is just our problem./ Where to get the money is just our problem. 到哪里去弄這筆錢正是我們頭痛的事。
That's why he speaks English so well. 那就是他為什么英語講得這么好的原因。
注:連接副詞why后不能接不定式,如可說:I don't know why I must leave. (我不知道我為什么必須離開),但不能說:I don't know why to leave.
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