反身代詞的定義:
反身代詞是一種表示反射或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞。它的基本含義是:
通過(guò)反身代詞指代主語(yǔ),使施動(dòng)者把動(dòng)作在形式上反射到施動(dòng)者自己。因此,反身代詞與它所指代的名詞或代詞形成互指關(guān)系,在人稱(chēng)、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。
反身代詞的句法功能:
(1)用作同位語(yǔ)(加強(qiáng)被修飾詞的語(yǔ)氣,緊放在被修飾名詞后,或句末):
如:The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重。
You yourself said so./ You said so yourself. 你自己是這樣說(shuō)的。
(2)用作賓語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)):
Take good care of yourself. 照顧好自己。
She could not make herself understood. 她不能使別人聽(tīng)懂她的話。
(3)用作表語(yǔ):
The poor boy was myself. 那個(gè)可憐的孩子就是我自己。
The ones who really want it are ourselves. 真正想要它的是我們自己。
有時(shí)用于be, feel, seem, look 等后作表語(yǔ)表示身體或精神處于正常狀態(tài):
I'm not quite myself these days. 我近來(lái)身體不大舒服。
I'll be myself again in no time.我過(guò)一會(huì)兒就會(huì)好的。
(4)用作主語(yǔ):
在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中,反身代詞一般不能獨(dú)立用作主語(yǔ),但是它卻可以借助and,or,nor等連詞與其他名詞一起構(gòu)成并列主語(yǔ)(且位于并列主語(yǔ)的后部),以及用于某些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)(如as...as等):
My brother and myself went there yesterday.昨天我兄弟和我一起去了那兒。
Jim's sister and himself get up at six everyday.吉姆的妹妹和他每天6點(diǎn)起床。
He was as anxious as myself. 他和我一樣擔(dān)心。
反身代詞人稱(chēng)、單復(fù)數(shù)對(duì)比:
單數(shù) | 復(fù)數(shù) | |
第一人稱(chēng) | myself | ourselves |
第二人稱(chēng) | yourself | yourselves |
第三人稱(chēng) | himself | themselves |
herself | themselves | |
itself | themselves |
反身代詞的基本形式:
反身代詞是oneself 根據(jù)所指詞的人稱(chēng)、性別、單復(fù)數(shù)等的變化可以有myself, himself, herself, yourself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 等形式。
oneself 與 himself:
當(dāng)one指人時(shí),其相應(yīng)的反身代詞通常用oneself,在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中也可用 himself:One should not praise oneself[himself].一個(gè)人不應(yīng)該自吹自擂。
反身代詞知識(shí)體系:
反身代詞用法拓展:
1、反身代詞不能做主語(yǔ),但可作主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ),放在主語(yǔ)后或句末。
錯(cuò):Myself went to the cinema.
對(duì):I went to the cinema myself.
2、反身代詞可以作賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。如:You can go and ask John himself. 你可以去問(wèn)約翰本人。
3、反身代詞可以作介詞的賓語(yǔ),如:by oneself 全靠自己
She learnt swimming all by herself. 她是自學(xué)游泳的。
She said to herself,"Who am I?" 她自言自語(yǔ)的說(shuō):“我是誰(shuí)?”
4、反身代詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。如:enjoy oneself 玩得高興;help oneself (to) 隨便用..... hurt oneself 傷害自己;
teach oneself 自學(xué);get dressed oneself 自己穿衣。
本文來(lái)自:逍遙右腦記憶 http://yy-art.cn/gaozhong/314963.html
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