結(jié)構(gòu)一 “be said+不定式一般式”

該結(jié)構(gòu)主要有兩個(gè)用法：

1. 表示不定式所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生或即將要發(fā)生。如：

They are said to leave soon. 據(jù)說他們很快就要離開。

He is said to move to the South this winter. 據(jù)說他今年冬天要搬到南方去。

2. 有時(shí)不表示將來，而表示一般情況(尤其是當(dāng)不定式表示狀態(tài)而非動(dòng)作時(shí))。如：

This friend of hers is said to be very rich. 她的這個(gè)朋友據(jù)說很有錢。

His company is said to be in trouble. 據(jù)說他的公司遇到了困難。

People who cannot distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind. 不能辨別顏色的人稱為色盲。

Women are often said to be more emotional than men. 女人常常被說成是比男人易于動(dòng)感情。

結(jié)構(gòu)二 “be said+不定式進(jìn)行式”

該搭配表示不定式所表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如：

He is said to be doing fine at school. 據(jù)說他在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很好。

The children are said to be playing by the river. 據(jù)說孩子們在河邊玩。

結(jié)構(gòu)三 “be said+不定式完成式”

該搭配表示不定式所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。如：

They are said to have left London. 據(jù)說他們已經(jīng)離開倫敦。

He is said to have written another TV play. 據(jù)說他又寫了一部電視劇。

Mr. Brown is said to have died of liver cancer. 據(jù)說布朗先生死于肝癌。

結(jié)構(gòu)四 “be said+不定式完成進(jìn)行式”

該搭配強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作迄今為止已經(jīng)持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間。如：

The family was said to have lived there for 30 years. 據(jù)說這一家人在那兒住了30年。

The battle was said to have been going on for two days. 據(jù)說戰(zhàn)斗已經(jīng)進(jìn)行兩天了。

結(jié)構(gòu)五 “be said+不定式一般式的被動(dòng)式”

該搭配表示不定式所表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生或即將要發(fā)生，同時(shí)它還表示被動(dòng)意義。如：

The case against Mr. White is said to be heard tomorrow. 據(jù)說懷特先生被起訴一案定于明天開庭。

有時(shí)也可以不表示將來，而表示一般情況。如：

The old castle is said to be haunted. 這座古堡據(jù)說有鬼魂出沒。

結(jié)構(gòu)六 “be said+不定式的完成式的被動(dòng)式”

該搭配表示不定式所表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，同時(shí)它還表示被動(dòng)意義。如：

Mr Smith is said to have been told the news. 據(jù)說已經(jīng)有人把這消息告訴了史密斯先生。

They were said to have been killed in the battle. 據(jù)說他們已在戰(zhàn)斗中被殺死了。

This book is said to have been translated into English. 據(jù)說這本書已譯成英語。

結(jié)構(gòu)七 用于“There be said+不定式”

There is said to be plenty of oil off our coast, 據(jù)說我國沿海有大量的石油。

There is said to have been an earthquake in Japan. 據(jù)說日本發(fā)生了一次地震。

There was said to be disagreement between the Prime Minister and the Home Secretary. 聽說，首相和內(nèi)政大臣意見有分歧。

【幾點(diǎn)注意】

1.“be said+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)只有被動(dòng)式，沒有主動(dòng)式。如：

據(jù)說他懂得許多語言。

正：He is said to know many languages.

誤：They say him to know many languages.

但是，可以換成it’s said that…句式。如：

正：It is said that he knows many languages.

2.“be said+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式有時(shí)可能是目的狀語。如：

These words were said to frighten you. 說那些話是為了嚇唬你。

【思維發(fā)散】與“be said+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)相似的還有“be reported (believed, supposed, thought, etc) + 不定式”等，其用法和搭配均大致相同。如：

She is believed to be staying with her aunt. 可以相信她住在她姑姑家里。

There is supposed to be a train at 12:37. 12點(diǎn)37分想必有一班火車。

Thousands were reported to be working as slaves there. 據(jù)報(bào)導(dǎo)數(shù)以千計(jì)的人在那里作奴隸。

He is reported to have been chosen chairman of the trade union. 據(jù)說他當(dāng)選了工會(huì)主席。

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