◆典型陷阱題分析◆
1. We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don’t want him to smell ____.
A. well, wellB. bad, bad
C. well, badlyD. badly, bad
【陷阱】容易誤選B,認為兩個smell 均為連系動詞,后接形容詞作表語。
【分析】這是1995年的一道上海高考題,最佳答案為D。句中的第一個 smell 為實義動詞,意為“聞氣味”、“嗅覺”,smell badly 意為“嗅覺差”;第二個 smell 為連系動詞,意為“聞起來(有某種氣味)”,smell bad 意為“聞起來氣味難聞”。全句意為“我們并不介意一條獵狗的嗅覺不好,但我們的確不希望它的氣味難聞”。
2. “_____ do you think of your English teacher?” “Oh, he is an _____ man.”
A. What, interestingB. What, interested
C. How, interestingD. How, interested
【陷阱】容易誤選D,認為第一空應填 how,表示“如何”;第二空應填 interested,因為有的書上說 ?ing 形容詞主要說明事物,-ed 形容詞主要說明人。
【分析】其實最佳答案應是A。英語中表示漢語的“你覺得……如何?”時,可用How do you like ...? 或 What do you think of ...? 注意兩者搭配不同,即 like 與 how 搭配,think of 與 what 搭配。另一方面,有的書認為:-ing形容詞說明事,-ed形容詞說明人。此說法在很多情況下是可行的,但表述欠嚴謹。嚴謹?shù)谋硎鰬撌牵罕硎臼?別)人感到如何, 用-ing形容詞;表示人自己本身感到如何,用-ed形容詞。比較:
All the children are interested. 所有的孩子都很感興趣。
All the children are interesting. 所有的孩子都很有趣。
I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他臉上露出一種感興趣的表情。
I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他臉上露出一種有趣的表情。
再比較:
He is frightened. 他很害怕。
He is frightening. 他很嚇人。
He has a frightened look on his face. 他臉上帶有驚恐的神情。
He has a frightening look on his face. 他臉上帶有嚇人的神情。
3. The operation was successful, but I still felt _____.
A. very painfulB. much painful
C. a lot of painD. very paining
【陷阱】容易誤選A,想當然地認為:pain 表示“痛”,其形容詞painful自然表示表示“感到疼痛的”。
【分析】其實 painful 的意思并不是“感到疼痛的”,而是表示“使人感到疼痛的”、“使人感到痛苦的”,所以它通常用于說明事物,而不宜用于說明人。比較并體會:
他仍很痛苦。
正:He is still in pain.
誤:He’s still painful.
你感到痛嗎?
正:Do you feel any pain?
誤:Are you painful?
見到你這樣生活我很痛心。
正:I am pained to see you living this way.
誤:I am painful to see you living this way.
聽到他的死訊,我們都很痛苦。
誤:We were all painful to hear of his death.
正:We were all pained to hear of his death.
他眼睛痛。
正:He has painful eyes.
誤:He’s painful in the eyes.
4. “Our team is _____ to win the match.” “Really? But I don’t think so.”
A. easyB. difficult
C. possibleD. sure
【陷阱】幾個干擾項均有可能誤選,因為假若單純從中文意思來看,四個答案均說得通。
【分析】正確答案為D,A、B、C三項填入空格處雖然從漢語來看說得通,但不合英語習慣。因為按英語習慣,easy 和difficult 后接不定式時,其主語(或邏輯主語)通常應是 it,而不能是具體的人或物,除非這個主語與其后不定式有動賓關系。如:
他回答案這個問題很容易。
誤:He’s very easy to answer this question.
正:It is very easy for her to answer this question. (用形式主語 it 作主語)
正:The question is very easy for her to answer. (主語為具體的事物,但它與其后不定式有動賓關系,即 to answer this question)
我們很難在半小時內(nèi)完成這工作。
誤:We are very difficult to finish the work in half an hour.
正:It is very difficult for us to finish the work in half an hour. (用形式主語 it 作主語)
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