◆depend v.
主要意思為“依靠”、“依賴”、“取決于”等,只用作不及物動詞,通常與介詞 on, upon 連用,主要用法有:
1. depend on [upon]+某人或某物
Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather. 我們是否去野營要看天氣。
I haven’t got a car, so I have to depend on the buses. 我沒有汽車,所以我得乘公共汽車。
有時可在某人或某物后用介詞 for。如:
We depend on the radio for news. 我們靠收音機聽新聞。
Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. 兒童的衣食靠父母。
2. depend on [upon]+某人或某物+不定式或動名詞
I’m depending on you to do the work. 我指望你做這工作。
You can never depend on him [his] arriving on time. 你決不能指望他能準時到達。
You can’t depend on the train arriving on time. 千萬不要認為火車能正點到達。
3. depend on [upon]+從句
Our success depends on whether everyone works hard ornot. 我們的成功取決于每個人是否努力。
The amount you pay depends on where you live. 你付多少錢要看你住什么地方。
在 It (all) depends on [upon]+從句中,介詞 on, upon 有時可省略(主要見于口語中)。如:
It all depends how you do it. 那要看你怎么辦。
It depends (on) whether you can afford it. 這要看你是否買得起。
注:depend on [upon] 后不接 that-從句(此時須用 it)。如:
You may depend on it that he will join our club. /You may
depend on him to join our club. 你可以指望他加入我們的俱樂部。
4. 口語中說 It (all) depends. /That depends. 意為“那要看情況”。如:
A:Are you going too? 你也去嗎?
B:That depends. 那要看情況。
I want to leave early but it all depends. 我想早點離開,但那要看情況。
◆dependent adj.
1. 表示“依靠的”、“依賴的”,注意以下習慣搭配:
He is dependent on his parents (for support). 他依靠父母(養(yǎng)活)。
Success is dependent on hard work. /Success is dependent on how hard you work. 成功取決于努力與否。
2. 比較其派生名詞為 dependence(依靠,依賴)的有關(guān)搭配:
We put no dependence on him. 我們不信賴他。
He lives in dependence on his friends. 他依靠朋友生活。
3. 值得注意的是:以上兩詞的反義詞 independent(獨立的,自立的)和 independence(獨立,自主,自立;不可數(shù))卻通常不連用介詞on, upon, 而分別連用 of 和 from。如:
He is now independent of his parents. 他現(xiàn)在不依賴父母。
This money gives me independence from my family. 這筆錢可以讓我不依賴家庭了。
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相關(guān)閱讀:常考詞的語法與用法:against