【作品簡(jiǎn)介】
《六丑·楊花》由彭元遜創(chuàng)作,被選入《宋詞三百首》。這首詞是一首詠物詞,通過(guò)詠楊花而寫(xiě)身世,寄托故國(guó)之思。其特色在于不寫(xiě)楊花之形與神,而是用一些可以通過(guò)楊花產(chǎn)生聯(lián)想的語(yǔ)匯營(yíng)造境界,引導(dǎo)讀者進(jìn)行想象和聯(lián)想。下闋表現(xiàn)得尤為明顯,尤其末尾兩句,想象新穎奇特,為畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛之筆。更多宋詞賞析文章敬請(qǐng)關(guān)注小學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)的《宋詞三百首》專(zhuān)欄。
【原文】
《六丑·楊花》
作者:彭元遜
似東風(fēng)老大,那復(fù)有,當(dāng)時(shí)風(fēng)氣。有情不收,江山身是寄。浩蕩何世?但憶臨官道,暫來(lái)不住,便出門(mén)千里。癡心指望回風(fēng)墜。扇底相逢,釵頭微綴。他家萬(wàn)條千縷,解遮亭障驛,不隔江水。
瓜洲曾艤①。等行人歲歲。日下長(zhǎng)秋,城烏夜起,帳廬好在春睡。共飛歸湖上,草青無(wú)地。??雨、春心如膩②。欲待化、豐樂(lè)前,青門(mén)都廢③。何人念、流落無(wú)幾。點(diǎn)點(diǎn)摶作,雪綿松潤(rùn),為君?淚④。
【注釋】
①反洲曾艤:王安石有《泊船瓜洲》詩(shī)。艤:即泊船,讓船靠岸。
②?(yīn):寧?kù)o。
③青門(mén):古長(zhǎng)安城門(mén)名。邵平為秦東陵侯,秦破,寓居青門(mén)外種瓜,其瓜甚佳,以東陵瓜或青門(mén)瓜名聞遐邇。
④?(yì):沾濕。此處有揩拭的意思。淚:拭淚。
【譯文】
暮春時(shí)節(jié)春風(fēng)漸老,哪里還有當(dāng)初的芳芬情意?多情的楊花無(wú)人收留。在空闊的江山中到處漂泊,身世如寄,不知要飄落到何時(shí)何世?追憶當(dāng)年她曾在官道暫時(shí)依傍,卻未能長(zhǎng)久地留居,又只有悠悠地出門(mén)千里,癡心遺篇指望著能被旋風(fēng)吹墜,能飛落到佳人的扇底。或是輕輕地落在釵頭上作為點(diǎn)綴。別人家的柳條千絲萬(wàn)縷,只知道遮蔽長(zhǎng)亭短驛,卻阻隔不斷向東流的江水。她曾經(jīng)在瓜洲靠岸,歲歲等著行人返歸。夕陽(yáng)已落下故宮,城頭的棲烏被月光驚起。她又曾在賬幕中沉沉春睡,也曾和友伴共同飛到湖上,四處都是青草而無(wú)落足之地。奈何空中落著綿綿絲雨,沾濕楊花,使她春心如膩。想飛也飛不起。她想要飛到豐樂(lè)樓前餞別的宴席,想要飛到青門(mén)外去,都因力氣不足而枉費(fèi)了心機(jī)。有誰(shuí)來(lái)可憐她,到處流落所剩無(wú)幾,點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴,滾作松軟雪白的綿團(tuán),只可以為君擦去傷心的淚水。
【賞析】
本詞詠楊花。表面上句句是詠楊花,實(shí)際上是字里行間寓以詞人身世之感,含有故國(guó)君王之思。這首詞以細(xì)膩筆觸,描繪了飄零無(wú)依的楊花,并用擬人手法賦予它哀怨之感,纏綿之情,楊花無(wú)依飄零的形象,便是南宋遺民的形象,故此詞,無(wú)不有哀民悼國(guó)之感。本詞看起來(lái)并不想固守詞家所謂不粘不滯的行規(guī),而是直抒其情,隨意任性,洋洋灑灑,一如漫天飛舞無(wú)可依歸的落絮游絲,倒也清新別致。另外,從本詞也可看出由宋入元雅詞的通俗化趨勢(shì),這也與散曲的興起有關(guān)。更多宋詞賞析文章敬請(qǐng)關(guān)注小學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)的《宋詞三百首》專(zhuān)欄。
【作者介紹】
彭元遜,生卒年不詳,字巽吾,廬陵(今江西吉安)人。與劉辰翁有唱和,宋亡不仕。存詞20首。更多唐詩(shī)宋詞賞析敬請(qǐng)關(guān)注小學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)的相關(guān)文章。
【宋詞英譯】
PENG Yuanxun – Lyrics to the Melody of Six Failings (On willow catkins)
Easterlies seem weak and feeble,
They have not the spirit they used to breathe.
Emotions need not be suppressed, for we live in the countryside,
Why be bothered by the mighty world?
Nonetheless I think of the way of office, stays are short and never long-term,
One soon finds oneself thousands of miles from home.
My wishful thinking hopes for the breeze to turn its head,
So we could meet under fans of foliage as hairpin-like sprigs sway.
There are those who have millions of willow strands
To shade provide for their garden which the river cannot divide and separate.
Once I docked at the Melon Bay where crowds pass one another year after year,
The sun fell drawing out a feel of fall, crows in the town fluttered at night.
Sleeping on board, luckily I had a sweet dream,
Back to linger on a lake I was, there was not a spot not covered by grass.
Silent is the drizzle, boredom encumbers the vernal spirit,
Which one hopes to alleviate at the House of Joy and Prosperity,
Yet in ruins is the drinking place by the Blue Gate.
I wonder who keeps in mind a destitute soul with little left,
Down dribble sparkling, soft and snowy drops and droplets
To my saturated tears shed.
本文來(lái)自:逍遙右腦記憶 http://yy-art.cn/shici/songci/691381.html
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