寫作的重要性 6分最低限，只要結(jié)構(gòu)不出錯(cuò)，得分應(yīng)該為9分。
評判作文
四級(jí)考試作文主要看內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)、語言三個(gè)方面。
內(nèi)容不跑題即可，注意：1.不要妄圖以情動(dòng)人;2.不要妄圖在構(gòu)思上出奇制勝。
結(jié)構(gòu)上牢記總分總：先寫主題句(Topic Sentence)，再寫分論點(diǎn)，最后寫總結(jié)句(Conclusion)。
語言最重要，往往使評分產(chǎn)生重大差異，語言要模仿和包裝。
基本表達(dá)
人們認(rèn)為：it is generally/ widely believed/ held/ agreed that
越來越：be increasingly + adj., be on the rise, the growing number of
萬能理由(Omnipotence)
1. 方便：convenient/ convenience
2. 效率：efficient/ efficiently/ efficiency
3. 節(jié)省和浪費(fèi)：save time/ money/ space; economical, thrift; waste time/ money/ space; costly, lavish
4. 人的心理健康：independent, cooperative, competitive,considerate, confident, creative, sociable,perseverance; selfish, isolated, conserative
5. 人的身體健康：health, disease, strong, strength, energetic
6. 娛樂：colorful, pleasure,joy, recreation, entertainmentm, relax, tired, boring, lonely
7. 環(huán)境：environment, pollute, poisonous, dirty
8. 安全和危險(xiǎn)：safe, danger, risk
9. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)：experience, social experience, enter the society
10. 人際：humane, fair, unfair, help, assist, freedom, freely
寫完之后修改注意：(內(nèi)容方面盡量不要修改)
1、字母大小寫
2、怪符號(hào)
3、單詞拼寫
4、主謂一致
5、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)
6、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)
實(shí)例一
題目：Bicycles――An Important Means of Transport in China提綱：(1)為什么自行車在中國這樣普及(2)和汽車的比較(3)自行車在中國的前途
Score: 8
Bicycle is an important means of transport in China. The important reason of it is the economy of Chinese. The use of bicycle in China is widely because people in China have not high wage. They can only afford a bicycle, and they have no money to buy a car which is too expensive. So Chinese usually buy a bicycle, and use it to go to work, or go to travel and so on. The other reason is the large population of China. All these made the bicycle become the important means of transport.
The bicycle, compared to the car, is not too expensive and it is easy to learn and to use and it can save the surface of putting it. It doesn’t ask to build the garage like car. This point is very important to China, because of the lack of land. It isn’t too expensive, so Chinese can afford it. It doesn’t need any oil, and it can’t cause the polusion. All of these are the good needs compared to the car.
In the future, bicycle will be widely used. And it will be in good demand. People will produce much more modern bicycles.
Score: 14
Bicycles are very popular in China. Almost every family in the city has two or three bicycles. During the rush hour, you can see that thousands of people -- man and woman, old and young -- ride their bicycles to work and study. That is why China is called “the kingdom of bicycles”.
注：1. 第一句總寫，第二句和第三句分寫，最后總寫。
2. During the rush hour 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)開頭。
3. 破折號(hào)內(nèi)容為同位語,句式多變化。
Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in many ways. First, they are cheap, convenient and easy to ride. Second, riding bicycle is good for health. Third, they bring no noise nor air pollution. Though cars are faster and more comfortable, they are too expensive. They consume plenty of oil and they pollute the air. Sometimes, it is difficult for a driver to park his car. Moreover they often cause traffic jams and accidents.
注：1. Compared with cars 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)開頭。
2. be superior to/ be inferior to 優(yōu)于/ 低于
3. thirst, second, third 英語語言有層次感，信號(hào)詞
4. cheap 便宜，最好用inexpensive
5. be good for health 對健康有好處(萬能理由)
6. Moreover 表示遞進(jìn)
In my opinion, the future of bicycle is very promising. Since China is a developing country and has a large population, I think, riding bicycle is appropriate to Chinese present conditions. It will be an important means of transportation for quite a long time.
注：promising 有前途的 a promising young man
Score: 11
There millions of bicycles in today’s China. Bicycles are very important means of transport in people’s daily lives. Because to ride a bicycle is very simple, to buy a bicycle will not cost so much money, to park a bicycle needs just a small room and to ride a bicycle does not need oil but the rider’s strength, bicycles are popular all over the world, especially in China.
注：第一句應(yīng)該用there be結(jié)構(gòu)
Compared with a car, a bicycle is much cheaper. It is more suitable for China as a developing country. And a bicycle has almost caused no pollution but a car has. On the contrary, a bicycle is too slow, it costs more times than a car.
I think the population of China’s bicycle will be kept for the long run. Because it will be replaced by a car, a bus and so on in some developed areas in China, and it will be made a wide use in the developing areas in China, the number of bicycles in China will be the same as today but I believe that it’s quality will be improved.
I、對比觀點(diǎn)選擇題：1.有人認(rèn)為……; 2.另外一些人認(rèn)為……; 3.談?wù)勀愕挠^點(diǎn)和看法。(最好寫成4段)
實(shí)例二 99年6月真題
Reading Selectively Or Extensively?
Outline: 1. 有人認(rèn)為讀書要有選擇2. 有人認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)博覽群書 3. 我的想法
How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view.
Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. What’s more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldn’t read them. Since we can’t read all the books and we shouldn’t read bad books, we must read selectively.
But others may not agree, they emphasize that today's society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively.
Who’s right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field.
典型的對比觀點(diǎn)選擇題的文章邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)：
(啟)Paragraph I：(1)引出將要評論的事物或者是觀點(diǎn); (2)簡明扼要的提出人們在這個(gè)問題上的兩種不同看法。
Score: 14分
How should we read? Should we read selectively or extensively? Everyone has his own view.(啟)
注：第一句提出問題，第二句提出兩種見解
典型的對比觀點(diǎn)選擇題的文章邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)：
(承)Paragraph II：(1)提出一種觀點(diǎn)或優(yōu)點(diǎn);(2)本段的支持性分論點(diǎn);(3)本段總結(jié)(可以省略)。
Some people think we should read selectively. They argue that with the development of modern science and technology, more and more books are published. It is impossible for us to read all the books. What’s more, there are many bad books that are poisonous to our mind, and we shouldn’t read them. Since we can’t read all the books and we shouldn’t read bad books, we must read selectively.(承)
注：1. 本段總分總結(jié)構(gòu)
2. they argue that = they think that
3. with the development of... 隨著……的發(fā)展
4. what's more 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，moreover
5. bad = pornographic 色情的 & violent 暴力的
典型的對比觀點(diǎn)選擇題的文章邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)：(轉(zhuǎn))Paragraph III：(1)承上啟下的過渡句; (2)提出另一種觀點(diǎn)或缺點(diǎn);(3)本段的支持性分論點(diǎn)(4)本段總(可以省略)。
But others may not agree, they emphasize that today's society is not what it was. If one man has many kinds of knowledge, he will have more chances to succeed. If a man knows much in one field but knows nothing in other fields, he may be useless. Since we must have many kinds of knowledge, we must read extensively.(轉(zhuǎn))
注：1. But 轉(zhuǎn)折詞(信號(hào)詞)
2. they emphasize that = they think that
3. today's society is not what it was 現(xiàn)代社會(huì)今昔非比
4. 許多知識(shí) a wide range of knowledge/ a large scope of knowledge/ much knowledge;
獲取知識(shí) acquire/ get knowledge
5. knows nothing→little;he may be useless→he may not be of great use to the society 后者比前者更委婉
典型的對比觀點(diǎn)選擇題的文章邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)：(合)Paragraph IV：(1)平衡兩種看法;(2)給出自己的觀點(diǎn)。
Who’s right? I think both of them have something right. But I think we should read extensively first. We should read books in many fields, and read selectively in one field.(合)
Score: 11分
When it comes to reading, some people think that reading selectively is a good way, but some other people do not agree with them, they think that reading extensively is better.
注：結(jié)構(gòu)非常好，可以套用。
Those people, who think that reading selectively is better, believe that good books are as many as bad books. Those good books can give us pleasure and knowledge, while those bad books can only lead us to the wrong way. So, they suggest that we should only choose the good books to read and never touch the bad books.
注：1.“people, who...,”應(yīng)去掉逗號(hào)，改為限制性定語從句。
2. as many as bad books 改為 as many as bad ones
3. lead us to the wrong way 改為 lead sb. astray
4. they suggest that = they think that
5. touch 碰(閃光點(diǎn)詞匯：如教材P7：shouldering the responsibility of doing sth. 肩負(fù)起責(zé)任)
But, the other people, who hold that reading extensively is better, think that one kind of books can only give us one aspect of knowledge. Even the best book only contains one field of information. So, they can easily come to the conclusion that “to know more, to read more”. So they believe that reading extensively is better.
注：1. hold 認(rèn)為 同樣表示“think”的詞還有argue, emphasize, believe, suggest, claim, insist, maintain, agree, hold
2. the best book 在西方國家是“圣經(jīng)”的意思
3. to know more, to read more 錯(cuò)誤，中式英語
To my point, we should choose good books to read and read good books as many as possible. By this way, we can increase the quality and quantity of reading.
范文22. Is Television a Blessing or a Curse?
Now, it is generally accepted that television plays an important part in people’s lives. But, there is an ongoing heated discussion as to whether television is a blessing or a curse.
注：it is generally accepted that 人們通常認(rèn)為
As is often pointed out by some people, television keeps one better informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in politics and science, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and stimulating. The most distant countries, the strangest customs and the most attractive scenes of nature are brought right into one’s room.
本文來自：逍遙右腦記憶 http://www.yy-art.cn/waiyu/yingyuxuexi/16035.html
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