小學(xué)英語語法復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)
一、名詞
可數(shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)形式，其單數(shù)形式與不定冠詞a(n)連用。
可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則：
1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：faily-failies, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)： an-en, woan-woen, policean-policeen, policewoan-policewoen, ouse-ice child-children foot-feet, tooth-teeth
fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
不可數(shù)名詞：表示不能個(gè)別存在的事物，如液體類，氣體類的物質(zhì)；少數(shù)固體類的物質(zhì) （grass草，ice冰），抽象的名詞（help幫助，usic音樂）。不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)（如soe water）,不能與不定冠詞連用。
寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)
diary ____________ day_____________ dress _______________ glass __________
peach___________ juice________________water ____________ rice______________
tea ______________ an____________ woan____________ banana ___________ bus___________ child ____________ foot _____________ sheep ____________ leaf(樹葉) ________ dish ____________ knife _____________ pen____________ boy__________ baby___________ ap _____________ city ____________ box __________ book ___________ class ____________ eye ____________ office ________ car____________ fox(狐貍) ___________ watch ____________ library ________ pear ___________ skirt ____________ shelf _____________ toato _________tooth ____________ Englishan________ paper __________ ilk___________ faily __________ ouse __________ people (人們) __________ fish _________ brush ________ Japanese ____________ policean____________ waterelon______________ Chinese____________ strawberry _________ atch ____
二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹 1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。
　　 2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。
　　 3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成：
1.be動(dòng)詞：主語+be(a, is, are)+其它。如：I a a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。注意：（我用a，你用are，三單is，復(fù)數(shù)
2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。
注意：（當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：ary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。）
1，一般疑問句：一般以is ,are,a,can,do,did,does……開頭的�；卮鹩肶ES/NO.
特殊疑問句：what,who,why,whose,which,where,when,how,how any,how,uch開頭的，需要具體回答。
行為動(dòng)詞的變化�？隙ň洌褐髡Z+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。
否定句：主語+ don't( doesn't ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。
一般疑問句：Do( Does Did) +主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。（句首加助動(dòng)詞do, does did）
動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則
1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, ilk-ilks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:
用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at hoe.
2. David and To _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on onday.
4. ike _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) soe water in the bottle.
11. ike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the sae hobby.
13. y aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your hoework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I' staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school fro onday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this ter.
20. －What day _______(be) it today?－ It’s Saturday.
改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play gaes after class. __________________
4. r. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don't do her hoework on Sundays. _________________
三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。（句中一般含有now, look, listen.）
2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.
如：To is reading books in his study .
3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。
如：To is reading books in his study .
To is not reading books in his study .
4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。
如：To is reading books in his study .
Is To reading books in his study ？
動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則
1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：ake-aking, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：
一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：
play_____________ run______________ swi _____________ake______________
go______________ like____________ write_____________ _ski_____________
read_____________ have____________ sing _____________ dance___________
put______________ see____________ buy _____________ love____________
live___________ take______________ coe _____________ get_____________
stop____________ sit _____________ begin____________ shop___________
二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture no
2. Listen .Soe girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroo .
3. y other _________________ ( cook )soe nice food no
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers no
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroo .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to usic.
9. It's 5 o'clock no We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
四、將時(shí)理論及練習(xí)
一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：toorrow, next day(week, onth, year…),soon, the day after toorrow（后天）等。
二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be going to + do；如：I a going to go swiing toorro
②will+ do. 如：I will go swiing toorro
三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（a, is, are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won’t。
如：I a going to go swiing toorro→ I a not going to go swiing toorro
I will go swiing toorro →I will not go swiing toorro
四、一般疑問句： be動(dòng)詞或will提到句首，soe改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。
如：I a going to go swiing toorro→ Are you going to go swiing toorrow?
I will go swiing toorro →Will you go swiing toorrow?
用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. Today is a sunny day. We _________________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
2. y brother ______________________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
3. It's Friday today. What _____she ____________________ (do) this weekend? She _____________ (watch) TV and (catch) insects.
4. ary __________________________ (visit) her grandparents toorro
5. David __________________________ (give) a puppet show next onday.
五、一般過去時(shí)
1．一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)�；蚍磸�(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。（Last Sunday ,last weekend,yesterday……）
2．Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：
⑴a 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasn't）
⑵are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=weren't）
動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：
1．一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：a/is—was are- were go ?went swi-swa fly-flew
do-did have-had say-said see-saw take-took coe-cae get-got drow-drew
eat-ate read-read sing-sang leave-left get-got……
寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式
is\a_____________ fly____________ plant____________ are ____________
drink_____________ play___________ go______________ ake ________
does_____________ dance__________ worry___________ ask ___________
taste_____________ eat____________ draw____________ put ____________
throw____________ kick___________ pass____________ do __________
過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)（1）
1. It ______ (be) Ben's birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good tie last night.
3. He ________ (jup) high on last Sports Day.
4. Helen ________ (ilk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
67. Ji's other _________ (plant) trees just no
8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.
9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on onday.
10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of Noveber yesterday.
r White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a oent ago.
3. Don't ______ the house. u _______ it yesterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ soe housework. (do)
5. They _________ (ake) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But y dad _______ all of the last onth. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this orning? Yes, he _____. (water)
8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) soe pictures in the art roo.
10.What ______ ike do on the far? He ________ cows. (ilk)
六、形容詞加er的規(guī)則：
⑴一般在詞尾加er ；
⑵以字母e 結(jié)尾，加r ；
⑶以輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er ；
⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er 。
3．不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)： good-better
根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：
1. y brother is two years __________(old)than e.
2. To is as ________(fat) as Ji.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.
6. ary's hair is as __________(long) as Lucy's.
7.Ben ______ (jup) ________ (high) than soe of the boys in his class.
8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.
9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.
10.y eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _________(early),Ti or To?
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.
14. Ji runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
15.The child doesn't______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.

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