新目標(biāo)初二英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)重點(diǎn)句型小結(jié)教案
Unit One
1. How often do you exercise ? → How often + 助動(dòng)詞do(does或did) + 主語(yǔ) + do sth. ? 疑問(wèn)詞how often是問(wèn)頻率(多經(jīng)常), 在這里助動(dòng)詞do(does或did) 是起幫助構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)的作用
Every day / Once a week / Twice a month / Three times a month / Three or four times a month .
2. What do you usually do on weekends ? 第一個(gè)do 為助動(dòng)詞, 在這起幫助構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)的作用；而第二個(gè) do 則是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。 I usually play soccer .
3. What’s your favorite program ? It’s Animal World .
4. What do students do at Green High School ? 第一個(gè)do 為助動(dòng)詞, 在這起幫助構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)的作用；而第二個(gè) do 則是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。
5. As for homework , most students do homework every day . as for...意思是“至于；關(guān)于”，常用于句首作狀語(yǔ)，其后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式（即動(dòng)名詞）。如：
As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見(jiàn)到。
As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 關(guān)于那故事，你最好不要相信。
6. The results for “ watch TV ” are interesting .
7. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . → want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”；want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：
Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看電影嗎？
The teacher doesn't want us to eat hamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。
8. She says it’s good for my health . → be good for...表示“對(duì)……有益（有好處）”。其反義為：be bad for...。（這里for 是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞）如：
It's good for us to do more reading. 多讀書(shū)對(duì)我們有好處。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上讀書(shū)對(duì)你的眼睛有害。
9. How many hours do you sleep every night ?
10. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .
11. My eating habits are pretty good . 這里pretty相當(dāng)于very 。
12. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week . → try to do sth.表示“ 盡力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思 / try doing sth. 表示“ （用某一辦法）試著去做某事”。 如:You’d better try doing the experiment in another way. 你最好試試用另一種方法做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)。
13. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades . → help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事
14. Good food and exercise help me to study better . → help sb. (to) do sth.幫助某人做某事 / 這里better是well的比較級(jí)，而不是good的比較級(jí)
15. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different ? ＝Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle ? → be the same as … / be different from …
16. I think I’m kind of unhealthy . kind of = a little / a kind of 意思是“一種”
17. What sports do you play ?
18. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
19. You must try to eat less meat . → try to do sth. 表示“ 盡力做某事 ” , 不包含是否成功的意思 / less是little的比較級(jí)
20. That sounds interesting. 這是“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。sound（聽(tīng)起來(lái)），look（看起來(lái)），smell（聞起來(lái)），taste（嘗起來(lái)），feel（覺(jué)得），seem（好象），grow（變得） , get（變得）等詞在英語(yǔ)中可用作系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。如：
It tastes good. 這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 煙霧變得越來(lái)越濃了。
Unit Two
1. What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? with為介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。人稱(chēng)代詞必須用它的賓格。
I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache
2. You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor .
3. I’m not felling well . 這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替
4. When did it start ? About two days ago .
5. That’s too bad .
6. I hope you fell better soon . 這里better是well的比較級(jí)
7. Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy . 這里 to be healthy是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)
8. Maybe you have too much yin . too much后跟不可數(shù)名詞，而too many后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
9. It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet . → It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要
10. Everyone gets tired sometimes . 這里get連系動(dòng)詞，tired是形容詞作表語(yǔ)，屬系表結(jié)構(gòu)
11. A sore throat can give you a fever . → give sb. sth . = give sth. to sb. 把某物給某人
12. Don’t get stressed out. It’s not healthy . 在這里get是連系動(dòng)詞，stressed out是表語(yǔ)
13. I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist . → need意思為 “需要” ，作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)詞不定式，否定式為don’t /doesn’t / didn’t need (to do sth.) ；作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只能用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，否定式為needn’t(do sth.) ，除有過(guò)去式外，沒(méi)有其它的形態(tài)變化
14. Eat a balanced diet to stay healthy . to stay healthy是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)
15. I’m not feeling very well at the moment . at the moment = now
Unit Three
1. What are you doing for vacation ? I’m babysitting my sister .
Where are you going for vacation ? Italy .
這是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一種比較特殊的用法，用來(lái)表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事情，現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有去做。
2. Who are you going with ? I’m going with my parents . with my parents是介詞短語(yǔ)，在這里作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，起修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞are going的作用
3. When are you going ? I’m going on Monday .
4. What are you doing there ? I’m going hiking in the mountains .
5. How long are you staying ? Just for four days . I don’t like going away for too long .疑問(wèn)詞hwo long是對(duì)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短或事物的長(zhǎng)度提問(wèn)，在這里是對(duì)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。
6. Have a good time . = Enjoy oneself . 玩得開(kāi)心、愉快
7. Show me your photos when we get back to school . → show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某給某人看
8. I’m going to Hawaii for vacation . for vacation是介詞短語(yǔ)，在這里作目的狀語(yǔ)，起修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的作用
9. What’s it like there ? 這里like是介詞，而不是動(dòng)詞
10. Can I ask you some questions about your vacation plans ? → ask sb. sth . 問(wèn)某人某事
11. Ben Lambert , the famous French singer , is taking a long vacation this summer ! → take a vacation 度假
12. He thought about going to Greece or Spain , but decided on Canada . → think about 考慮 / decide on 決定 這里的about和on都是介詞
13. “ I always take vacation in Europe ,” he said . “ This time I want to do something different .” → (1). want to do sth. (2). 修飾不定代詞(something , nothing , anything等)的定語(yǔ)常放在不定代詞的后面
14. He plans to have a very relaxing vacation . → plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃做某事
15. I’m planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside .
16. I just finished making my last movies . → finish doing sth. 完成做某事
17. I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing . to go sightseeing是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作a good place的后置定語(yǔ)
18. She’s leaving for Hong Kong on Tuesday . → leave A for B 離開(kāi)A地去B地
19. I want to ask you about places to visit China . to visit China是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作places的后置定語(yǔ)
20. I’m planning my vacation to Italy this weekend . to Italy是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作my vacation的后置定語(yǔ)
21. What should tourists take with them ? with them是介詞短語(yǔ)，在這里作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，起修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞take的作用
22. Where are you leaving from ? leave from 離開(kāi)某地（注：from是介詞）
Unit Four
1. How do you get to school ? 疑問(wèn)詞how 在這里是對(duì)方式進(jìn)行提問(wèn)
I ride my bike / walk / take the subway . By bike / bicycle / bus / train / subway / taxi / air / plane / ship / boat . On foot .
How do I get there ? 因there是副詞,所以不能說(shuō)get to there Don’t worry . Let me look at your map . Ok , first … , next … . Then … .
2. How long does it take ? 疑問(wèn)詞hwo long是對(duì)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短或事物的長(zhǎng)度提問(wèn)
It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus .
How long does t take you to get from home to school ?
It takes twenty-five minutes . → take sb. some time to do sth. 花費(fèi)某人……時(shí)間做某事
3. Lin Fei’s home is about Kilometers from school .
4. How far is it from your home to school ? It’s three miles .
How far do you live from school ? I live 10 miles from school .
疑問(wèn)詞how far在這里是對(duì)距離進(jìn)行提問(wèn)
5. In other parts of the world , things are different .
6. In China , it depends on where you are . → depend on 視……而定；決定于
7. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus .
8. In North America , not all students take the bus to school . not all是部分否定，意思是并不是所有的；不是全部的
9. Other parts of the world are different from the United States .
10. A small number of students take the subway . → a number of = many 許多
11. What do you think of the transportation in your town ? → think of 對(duì)……有某種看法
12. When it rains I take a taxi .
13. I have a map but in Chinese .
14. If you have a problem , you can ask a policeman .
Unit Five
1.Can you come to my party ?
Sure , I’d love(like) to . / I’m sorry , I can’t . I have to help my parents .
Can you play tennis with me ?
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can在這里起征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)的作用。
2.I have too much homework this weekend . too much后跟不可數(shù)名詞；too many后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
3.That’s too bad .
4.Maybe another time .
5.Thanks for asking . for介詞，后跟名詞，代詞或動(dòng)名詞
6.Come and have fun . / Come and join us .
7.On Wednesday , I’m playing tennis with the school team .
8.I have to study for my science test on Thursday . have to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀原因；而must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀原因
9.Please keep quiet ! I’m trying to study . → try to do sth. 表示“ 盡力做某事 ” , 不包含是否成功的意思
10.Do you want to come to my birthday party ? → want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”
11.Li Lei is going fishing with grandpa the whole day . the whole day = all day 整天
12.Can you come over to my house ?
13.I’m free till 22:00 .
Unit Six
1.I’m more outgoing than my sister . → 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞 + 形容詞比較級(jí)別 + than + 比較對(duì)象
2.As you can see , in some ways we look the same , and in some ways we look different .
3.However , we both enjoy going to parties . → enjoy doing sth. = like doing sth. 喜歡做某事
4.Liu Li has more than one sister . more than 不止
5.Liu Li and Liu Ying have some things in common . → in common （團(tuán)體）共同的；公有的
6.Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister . as …as 和……一樣 （其中as…as之間的形容詞必須用原級(jí)）；它的否定式是：not as(so) … as
7.Liu Ying talks more than Liu Li . 這里more是much的比較級(jí)，而不是many的比較級(jí)
8.Both girls go to lots of parties . lots of = a lot of 許多
9.My friend is the same as me . → be the same as … 與……一樣 / be different from …與……不同
10.I think a good friend makes me laugh . → make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
11.For me , a good friend likes to do the same things as me . → like to do sth.
12.That’s not very important for me ….
13.What’s your opinion ?
14.Should friends be different or the same ? same前常有定冠詞the
15.I like to have friends who are like me . / I like to have friends who are different from me . → like to do sth.中的like 是動(dòng)詞,意思是“ 喜歡 ”；而are like me 中的like 是介詞，意思是“ 像 ”。要注意區(qū)別like的詞性。
16.I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class .
17.We both like doing the same things . → like doing sth. 喜歡做某事
18.Who do you think should get the job , Ruth or Rose ?
19.You must be good with children / enjoy telling jokes . → be good with sb. 對(duì)某人好；與某人相處融洽 / enjoy doing = like doing sth. 喜歡做某事
20.He can’t stop talking . → stop doing sth. 意為“ 停止（正在）做的事情” ，doing在句中是stop的賓語(yǔ)。如：When the teacher came in , the students stopped talking and laugh . 老師走了進(jìn)來(lái)，學(xué)生們停止了談笑。 / stop to do sth. 意為“ 停下（正在做的事）去做某事” ，動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to do sth.在句中作動(dòng)詞 stop 的目的狀語(yǔ)。 如：He stopped to write a letter to her . 他停下手邊的工作，給她寫(xiě)信。
21.He always helps others .
22.She likes to stay at home and read . → like to do sth. 喜歡做某事 / stay at home 呆在家里
Review of units 1-6
1. You use milk to make cheese and you can drink it , too . 動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to make cheese在這里作目的狀語(yǔ)，修飾use milk
2. A part of your body beginning with “ a ” . → begin with 以……開(kāi)始 （注意：with是介詞）
3. The opposite of short is long or tall .
4. The neck is between your head and your body . → between … and 在……和……之間
5. Carrots , onions and peppers are all vegetables . → all用于三者或三者以上；both用于兩者。同時(shí)要注意它們?cè)诰渲械奈恢�，即位于連系動(dòng)詞（be），助動(dòng)詞（be , will , shall , should 等），情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can , may , must , have to等）的后面；其它動(dòng)詞的前面。
6. I like reading books in my free time . like doing sth. 喜歡做某事 / in one’s free time 在空余時(shí)間
7. I feel terrible , doctor . 在這里feel是連系動(dòng)詞，terrible是形容詞作表語(yǔ)，feel terrible是系表結(jié)構(gòu)作復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)
8. I usually relax in my swimming pool .
9. I’m very excited to be taking a vacation around China ! → be excited to do sth. 做某事很激動(dòng)
10. Who is more athletic , Gao Yan or Li Tong ?
附：音節(jié)小議
英語(yǔ)的音素分為元音和輔音兩大類(lèi)，由一個(gè)元音或一個(gè)元音加一個(gè)或幾個(gè)輔音結(jié)合構(gòu)成的語(yǔ)音單位叫做音節(jié)。例如：
由一個(gè)元音構(gòu)成的音節(jié)：I /aＩ/“我”、oh / u/“哦”、a/eＩ， /“一個(gè)”、ear/Ｉ /“耳朵”等；
由一個(gè)元音加一個(gè)輔音構(gòu)成的音節(jié)： bee/bi:/“蜜蜂”、ill /il/“生病”、my/mai/“我的”、see /si:/“看見(jiàn)”等；
由一個(gè)元音加幾個(gè)輔音構(gòu)成的音節(jié)：bed /bed/“床”、bag/b g/“袋子”、clock /kl k/等。
英語(yǔ)的詞有一個(gè)音節(jié)的，也有兩個(gè)音節(jié)或三個(gè)音節(jié)以上的。顧名思義，一個(gè)音節(jié)叫做單音節(jié)，兩個(gè)音節(jié)叫做雙音節(jié)，三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的音節(jié)叫做多音節(jié)。例如good /gud/只有一個(gè)音節(jié)，所以叫做單音節(jié)詞；morning/`m :nI /分別有/m :ｎ/和/Ｉ /兩個(gè)音節(jié)，所以叫做雙音節(jié)詞；而afternoon /`a:ft `nu:n/有/a:f/、/t /、/nu:n/三個(gè)音節(jié)，所以，叫做多音節(jié)詞。
在英語(yǔ)中，雙音節(jié)或多音節(jié)的單詞，每一個(gè)詞都有一個(gè)讀得特別響亮的音節(jié)，叫做重讀音節(jié)，重讀音節(jié)以重讀符號(hào)“`”來(lái)表示。例如在evening /`i:vni /一詞中，/i:/是重讀音節(jié)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，只有一個(gè)音節(jié)的單詞往往重讀，但通常不標(biāo)重讀符號(hào)；雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞至少有一個(gè)音節(jié)重讀，并在重讀的音節(jié)左上方標(biāo)出重讀符號(hào)。
音節(jié)分為開(kāi)音節(jié)和閉音節(jié)。以元音字母a 或 e, i, o, u結(jié)尾的音節(jié)叫做開(kāi)音節(jié)，如nice, hi, hello, fine等都是以開(kāi)音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞；以輔音字母結(jié)尾的音節(jié)叫做閉音節(jié)，如meet, bed, what, wall, mom等都是以閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞。
1.記單詞的最好辦法是什么？ 把一個(gè)單詞造出多個(gè)句子，訓(xùn)練把這多個(gè)句子在場(chǎng)景下脫口說(shuō)出。句子記住了，單詞也當(dāng)然得到了充分理解和長(zhǎng)期記憶。
2.學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)忌過(guò)分講究速度和效率，不愿花時(shí)間經(jīng)常重復(fù)（復(fù)習(xí)）已學(xué)過(guò)的內(nèi)容。語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用是一種技能，技能則只有靠熟能生巧，要不斷重復(fù)才會(huì)熟練，只有熟練了才會(huì)形成一種不假思索的技能。
3.語(yǔ)言是有聲的，我們對(duì)語(yǔ)言的感受首先是語(yǔ)言的聲音作用于我們的大腦。如果不練習(xí)聽(tīng)力，只是默默地閱讀和背單詞，其結(jié)果不僅聽(tīng)不懂別人講外語(yǔ)，而且閱讀水平也難以提高。
4.語(yǔ)言的實(shí)踐性很強(qiáng)，如果只學(xué)而不用，就永遠(yuǎn)也學(xué)不好。我們學(xué)語(yǔ)言的目的就是為了應(yīng)用，要學(xué)會(huì)在用中學(xué)習(xí)，這樣才能提高興趣，達(dá)到好的學(xué)習(xí)效果。
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