【—現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常是表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作,也可以表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。
11.9 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在;也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成: have (has) +過去分詞。
動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
舉例:
I saw this film yesterday.
。◤(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過了。)
I have seen this film.
。◤(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。)
Why did you get up so early?
。◤(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過了。)
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
。◤(qiáng)調(diào)有卷子,可能為不公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。)
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù))
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團(tuán),joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
關(guān)于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)上述例舉了許多關(guān)于它的介紹,同學(xué)們可以在例句中尋找現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的真諦。
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