一、考查 it 用作形式主語的用法
當(dāng)不定式、動名詞、從句等用作主語時,為避免頭重腳輕,通常在句首使用形式主語it,而把真正的主語放在句子末尾。如:
It’s no good sitting up too late. 熬夜沒有好處。
It is quite clear that he has read the book. 很顯然,他讀過這本書。
It doesn’t matter what he says. 他說什么沒關(guān)系。
【特別提醒】注意it用作形式主語的三類特殊句式:
1.用作動詞look, seem, appear, happen, occur, follow等的主語(后接that從句或as if從句)。如:
It seems that he knows everything. 他好像什么都知道。
It (so) happened that I had no money with me. 碰巧我沒帶錢。
2.當(dāng)系表結(jié)構(gòu)后接有if 或when引出的狀語從句時,通常在系表結(jié)構(gòu)前使用形式主語表示說話人對某情況的看法。如:
It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that. 他這樣做使我很吃驚。
It would be a tragedy if anything went wrong. 如果出了什么事就是一個悲劇。
3.用于if it were not for… / if it hadn’t been for…(若不是因為)。如:
If it hadn’t been for the freezing wind they could have reached the injured man in time. 要不是有刺骨的寒風(fēng),他們就及時趕到傷員身邊了。
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