Unit 4 Body language

編輯: 逍遙路 關(guān)鍵詞: 高二 來源: 高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)



Unit 4 Body language
核心單詞
1. represent
vt. 象征;表示;作為……的代表;代表;(尤指以繪畫,雕刻等)表現(xiàn);描繪;描寫
The red lines on the map represent railways.
這張地圖上的紅線代表鐵路。
He was picked out from the whole class to represent them at the other school.
他被挑選出作為全班同學(xué)的代表,到另一所學(xué)校去。
She represents her mother as the kindest mother in the world. 她把她的媽媽描繪成世界上最好的母親。
聯(lián)想拓展
representative n. 代表;眾議員
adj. 典型的;有代表性的
representation n. 表現(xiàn);陳述;代理
易混辨析
represent/stand for/on behalf of
represent指“代表某人/某個(gè)團(tuán)體/政府等,或指某種標(biāo)志代表什么,某物表現(xiàn)/描繪的是什么”。
stand for 通常指字母、數(shù)字、符號(hào)等代表/象征什么。
on behalf of 指代表/代替某人,只能作狀語。
高手過招
選詞填空(represent/representation/representative) (原創(chuàng))
①Each colour on the chart a different department.
②The were all amazed by what had happened in the factory.
③Our company has no in Africa.
答案: ①represents ② representatives ③ representation
2. approach
vt.接近,走進(jìn);著手處理
n. 接近,臨近;方法,途徑
He approached me with stealthy steps. 他悄然走近我。
Our approach scared the butterfly and it flew away.
我們走近時(shí)把那只蝴蝶嚇跑了。
易混辨析
approach/way/method/means
approach除了意為“方法”之外,還有“接近”的意思。an approach to(介詞)“……的方法”。
way構(gòu)成in the way“用這種方法”;the way to do/the way of doing (to為不定式)“做某事的方法”。
method構(gòu)成with a method “用一種方法”。
means 意為“方式,方法”。單復(fù)數(shù)同形,構(gòu)成by means of “通過……方法”。
He put up a new approach to the difficulty.
他提出了解決這個(gè)困難的新方法。
Can you tell me the way to work out the maths problem?
你能告訴我做那道數(shù)學(xué)題的方法嗎?
We should improve our teaching method, with which we can make ourselves understood better.
我們應(yīng)該改善我們的教學(xué)方法,用這些方法,可以使學(xué)生更好的理解我們。
We arrived there by means of plane. 我們坐飛機(jī)到達(dá)那兒。
高手過招
(1)單項(xiàng)填空
There is no easy to the mathematics. (原創(chuàng))
A. Way B. mean C. method D. approach
(2)單句改錯(cuò) (原創(chuàng))
①His approach for the problem is special and proves good.
②All the approaches of the airport were blocked by the police.
(1)解析:選D。approach方法,可與to連用,意為“……的方法”;means方式,不可與to連用;methods 與with 搭配;way與of或to連用,to為不定式。
(2)①for→to。解析:approach在句中意為“方法;步驟”,后面與介詞to 連用。
②of→ to。解析:approach在句中意為“入口;通路”,后面與介詞to 連用
3. defence
n. 保衛(wèi),防御;防衛(wèi)設(shè)備;(被告的)答辯;辯護(hù)
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
in defence of保衛(wèi)……;為……辯護(hù)
注意: defence后接“入侵者”或“造成危害者”時(shí)用介詞 against;若后接“被保護(hù)者”時(shí)用介詞 of。
The forest will act as a defence against desert dust.
森林能起到防御沙漠塵土的作用。
This fort was once the main defence of the island.
這座堡壘曾經(jīng)是這個(gè)島上主要的防御設(shè)施。
The defence of the accused was rather weak.
被告人的辯護(hù)軟弱無力。
聯(lián)想拓展
defend v. 防護(hù);辯護(hù);防守;保衛(wèi)
The wall was built to defend the road from being washed away by the sea.
建這個(gè)圍墻是為了保護(hù)這條路不被海水沖垮。
易混辨析
defend/protect/guard/preserve
這四個(gè)詞都有“使安全或保持安全狀態(tài)不遭受危險(xiǎn)、攻擊或傷害”的意思,但它們之間還有些差異。
defend 含有“采取措施抵制進(jìn)攻”的意思。
protect 常含有“提供安全的方式驅(qū)開不適、傷害或進(jìn)攻”的意思。
guard 含有“看守”的意思。
preserve 含有“采取措施維護(hù)……的安全”的意思。
高手過招
完成句子 (原創(chuàng))
①那位警察看守犯人。
The policeman the prisoners.
②當(dāng)那只狗攻擊我時(shí),我拾起一根木棍自衛(wèi)。
When the dog attacked me, I picked up a stick and myself.
③他戴著墨鏡以防他的眼睛被強(qiáng)烈的太陽光曬傷。
He wears sunglasses to his eyes from the strong sunlight.
答案:①guarded ② defended ③ protect

4. close
adv. 接近地;靠近地;緊密地(常與介詞to連用)
adj. 近的;接近的;(關(guān)系)密切的;嚴(yán)密的;(尤指比賽)勢(shì)均力敵的
v. 結(jié)束;關(guān)閉;關(guān)
His house is close to the factory. 他家靠近這個(gè)工廠。
易混辨析
close/closely
close 是指距離、場(chǎng)所、地點(diǎn)等的“接近,靠近”,可以說是一種實(shí)際意義上的“接近”。
closely是指抽象意義上的“接近”,多用比喻意義,有“親密地;嚴(yán)密地;仔細(xì)地”等含義。
由close 和closely這種意義上的區(qū)別,我們可以很輕松地區(qū)別high/highly;wide/widely;
deep/deeply等一類詞。帶??ly的副詞往往用作抽象意義或比喻意義,而不帶??ly的副詞多用作實(shí)際意義。
The thief came close to him and stole the money from his pocket. 小偷走近他,把他口袋里的錢偷走了。
Good teaching and good testing are closely related.
出色的教學(xué)工作與完善的測(cè)試制度密切相關(guān)。
高手過招
選詞填空(close/closely) (原創(chuàng))
①It was very cold, so the little girl stood to her mother.
②The policeman examined the room to find the lost jewels.
答案: ①close ②closely
5. curious
adj.好奇的,感興趣的;奇異的,不同尋常的
The foreign tourists were surrounded by the curious children. 外國游客被一群好奇的孩子包圍著。
He is suffering from a curious disease.
他患了一種奇怪的病。
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
be curious about 對(duì)……感到好奇
be curious to do 急于做/極想做
聯(lián)想拓展
curiosity n.好奇
curiously adv. 好奇地
out of curiosity 出于好奇
I asked out of mere curiosity.
我只不過是出于好奇問問罷了。
高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
I was to find out what he said. (原創(chuàng))
A.Strange B. amusing C. curious D.conscious
解析:選C?疾樾稳菰~詞義辨析。strange 奇怪的;amusing 令人快樂的;curious 好奇的;conscious 有意識(shí)的。
6. likely
adj. 可能的(表示可能性很大時(shí),可用most,very修飾likely)
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
It is likely that sb. ...
=sb.is likely to do...某人可能做某事
not likely (表示堅(jiān)決不同意)絕不可能;絕對(duì)不會(huì)
易混辨析
possible/probable/likely
possible表示客觀上潛在的可能性,也許實(shí)際發(fā)生的可能性并不大;一般不用表示人的詞作主語。只有 possible 后面可以接 for sb. to do sth.,而likely和probable 都不能。
probable表示有幾分根據(jù)的推測(cè),比possible表示的可能性大。換句話說,probable的“有可能”,是指有實(shí)際的依據(jù)或邏輯上合乎情理。一般不用表示人的詞作主語。
likely強(qiáng)調(diào)表面上看有可能,與probable意思接近,有時(shí)可以互換,但likely常暗示從表面跡象判斷,probable則指經(jīng)過權(quán)衡正反兩方面的理由后相信某事是真實(shí)的或大概會(huì)發(fā)生。只有 be likely 前面的主語可以是人,而 possible 和 probable則不能。
It is possible to transmute one form of energy into another.
把某種形態(tài)的能量改變成另一種形態(tài)的能量是可能的。
It is possible that the first people crossed into Austalia from Asia on a great land bridge.
第一批從亞洲進(jìn)入澳大利亞的人可能是從一座巨大的陸地橋上過去的。
It is probable that our school will buy a new computer.
我們學(xué)校很有可能買一臺(tái)新電腦。
It is probable that she forgot.她很可能是忘了。
It’s very likely that he’ll succeed.
=He is very likely to succeed. 他極有可能成功。
I’m hardly likely to finish it within a week.
我不可能在一周內(nèi)把它干完。
高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
①I can’t go out. It is very that ary will ring me tonight. (2010•東聊城模塊檢測(cè))
A. Likely B. possibly C. probably D. perhaps
②Tom was to win first prize in the competition, but his illness made him miss the chance.
(2010•01•浙江臺(tái)州檢測(cè))
A.Possible B. probable C. likely D. aybe
①解析:選A。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有l(wèi)ikely是形容詞且符合習(xí)慣搭配,其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是副詞。
②解析:選C。maybe 是副詞,故可排除D項(xiàng)。句子是人作主語,故只能選likely。
7. ease
n. 安逸;舒適
v. 減輕(痛苦,憂慮);緩和;放松
The injection brought her immediate ease.
她經(jīng)過注射后,疼痛消失了。
常用結(jié)構(gòu):
at ease 感到舒適而無憂慮;感到放松,不拘束
with ease 毫不費(fèi)勁地,輕而易舉地
We are at ease for your safe return.
見您平安歸,我們感到放心了。
The question was so easy that I could answer it with ease.
這個(gè)問題如此簡(jiǎn)單以至于我回答得很輕松。
高手過招
(1)單項(xiàng)填空
He felt completely ease ary. (原創(chuàng))
A. at; with B .at ; to C. with; with D. to; to
(2)完成句子 (原創(chuàng))
①聽說孩子們都很安全,她才放心。
Her mind knowing that the children were safe.
②她不斷練習(xí)奏鳴曲直到熟練為止。
She practiced until she could play the sonata .
(1)解析:選A。句意為:他和瑪麗在一起時(shí)感到完全放松。根據(jù)句意可知,選A。
(2)①was at ease ②with ease
重點(diǎn)短語
8. lose face
丟臉,丟人
You’ll lose face if you don’t keep your promise.
你如果沒有遵守諾言,會(huì)丟臉的。
When Tom failed to beat his opponent, he felt he had lost face with his friends.
湯姆沒能打敗對(duì)手,這讓他在朋友面前很丟臉。
聯(lián)想拓展
lose heart 泄氣;灰心
lose one’s heart to 愛上;鐘情于
lose weight 減肥
lose one’s way 迷路
lose one’s life 喪生
lose courage 喪失勇氣
lose sight of 看不見
高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
In order not to , he spent the whole night preparing for the speech of next day.
(2010•01•浙江嘉興一中檢測(cè))
A .lose courage B. lose heart
C. lose face D. lose voice
解析:選C。句意為:為了不丟面子,他花了整個(gè)晚上準(zhǔn)備第二天的。lose face 丟人,丟臉。
重點(diǎn)句型
9. I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.
我看見幾個(gè)年輕人走進(jìn)了等候區(qū),好奇地向四周張望。
looking around是現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。
聯(lián)想拓展
伴隨狀語的特點(diǎn)
它所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是伴隨著句子謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作而發(fā)生或存在的。
He sat in the armchair, reading a newspaper.
他坐在扶手椅里讀報(bào)紙。
All night long he lay awake, thinking of the problem.
他整夜躺在床上睡不著,思考著那個(gè)問題。

高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
①“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, away. (原創(chuàng))
A. Run B. running C. to run D. ran
②He glanced over at her, that though she was tiny;she seemed very well put together. (2010•01•浙江寧波檢測(cè))
A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted
①解析:選B。running作伴隨狀語, 因?yàn)檫壿嬛髡ZJanet與run 之間呈主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且run與謂語動(dòng)詞shouted的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。
②解析:選A。noting 作伴隨狀語,意為“注意到;發(fā)現(xiàn)”。因?yàn)?he 與 note 呈主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且 note 與謂語動(dòng)詞 glanced 的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。
10. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
各種化背景下人們互致問候的方式不盡相同,身體接觸和相互間距離的程度也并不一樣。
這個(gè)句子是由一個(gè)中心詞組not ...nor ...連接起的,意為“既不……也不……”。部分否定通常由not+ all/both/each/everybody/everything等表達(dá)。
溫馨提示
并不總是用這種方式表達(dá)部分否定,有時(shí)也以一般否定句的形式出現(xiàn),即把否定主語的not與謂語動(dòng)詞放在一起。Not every Welshman speaks Welsh.
并不是每個(gè)威爾士人都說威爾士語。
All is not gold that glisters. 發(fā)光的并不都是金子。
若要表示全部否定,則應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的表示全部否定的否定詞。
all→ none (一個(gè)人也沒有、沒有任何東西);
both→ neither (兩個(gè)都不);every→ no(沒有,不是);everyone→ no one(沒有人);everything→ nothing(什么也沒有)等。
I like neither of the books. 這兩本書我都不喜歡。
高手過招
單項(xiàng)填空
—I think the whole class is going on a field trip next Friday.
—I’m not sure. has paid the transportation fee. ( 2010•01•江西九江檢測(cè))
A. Not everyone B. No one
C. None of them D. Neither of us
解析:選A。B項(xiàng)與C項(xiàng)為全部否定,意為“沒有一個(gè)人”,故排除。D項(xiàng)意為“兩者都不”,不符合語境。A項(xiàng)表示部分否定,意為“不是所有人”,符合上下語境,故選A。





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