Unit 2 The United ingdom
一、語言要點I單元要點預覽（旨在讓同學整體了解本單元要點）詞匯
部分
詞語
辨析
1. divide/separate 2. puzzle/confuse3.debate/argue/discuss/quarrel 4.influence/affect/effect詞形
變化
1. convenience n.便利，方便,適合convenient adj.便利的,方便的conveniently adv.便利地2. attraction n.吸引,吸引力attractive adj. 吸引人的,有魅力的attract v. 吸引3. construct v.建造,構造,建立construction n..建筑,建設4. arrange v. 安排,協商arrangement n. 排列,安排5.collect v.收集, 聚集, 集中collection n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品6. fair adj. 公平地, 公正地,unfair adj. 不公平的7.suggest vt.建議, 暗示suggestion n. 提議, 意見, 暗示,重點
單詞
1. consist vi.由...組成, 在于, 一致2. clarify v.澄清, 闡明3. convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具、4. influence n.& vt.影響, 感化, 勢力, 有影響的人(或事)5. available adj.可用到的, 可利用的,有空的,6. arrange v.安排, 排列, 協商7. delight n.快樂, 高興, 喜悅v. (使)高興, (使)欣喜重點
詞組
take the place of代替,取代 break down損壞，跨，壓倒，分解leave out省去,遺漏重點句子
1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.2. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.重點語法
過去分詞做賓語補足語II 詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). divide/separate v.【解釋】divide “把一個整體分成若干部分”,破壞了賓語的完整性,常與 “into”連用separate 指”把原連在一起或靠近的部分分割開”,常與 “from” 連用【練習】選擇divide或separate并用其適當的形式填空1） The apple was _________ into two.2） His lecture ___________divides into three parts. 3） She was __________separated from her husband last year. 4） The Taiwan Strait __________ Taiwan from Fujianeys: 1） divided 2）divides 3） separated 4）separates2). puzzle/confuse【解釋】puzzle 指“情況錯宗復雜, 因而使人感到困惑不解”confuse 指“把事物混淆或弄亂“或“由于混淆、混亂而糊涂”, 語氣較弱, 常指暫時現象【練習】選擇puzzle 或confuse并用其適當的形式填空1）What he did __________puzzled me greatly.2）They asked me so many questions that they _________confused me.3）I am always ________ salt with sugar.4）The patient’s illness _______ the doctor; and he couldn’t find the cause.eys: 1）puzzled 2）confused 3）confusing 4）puzzled3) debate/argue/discuss/quarrel辯論,爭論【解釋】debate就已經確定或統一的問題,各述己見,公開,正式的爭論.含交鋒的意思argue 指提出理由或事實，試圖在爭辯中說服對方，或促使他人擁護自己倡導的理由或觀點：discuss指一般討論,談論quarrel常指因瑣事而感到氣憤,進行爭吵【練習】選擇debate/argue/discuss/quarrel或puzzle并用其適當的形式填空1）The couple are always __________quarreling about the past.2）Have you _________ the problem with anyone?3）I _________ with her all day about the situation.eys: 1）quarreling 2）discussed 3）argued4) influence/affect【解釋】Affect著重影響一個人的感情或健康，也指事物受到影響influence影響,指對人或事物起某種作用，使其行為,性格或觀點等發(fā)生變化，常含有潛移默化的意味.【練習】選擇influence或affect并用其適當的形式填空1) The noise from the street _________affected my study.2) Outside factors _____________influenced him to resign.3) y parents _________ my childhood a great deal.eys: 1) affected 2) influenced 3) influencedIII 詞性變化 （旨在提供語法填空所需材料）1. convenience n.便利，方便,適合convenient adj.便利的,方便的conveniently adv.便利地2. attraction n.吸引,吸引力attractive adj. 吸引人的,有魅力的attract v. 吸引3. construct v.建造,構造,建立construction n..建筑,建設4. arrange v. 安排,協商arrangement n. 排列,安排5.collect v.收集, 聚集, 集中collection n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品6. fair adj. 公平地, 公正地,unfair adj. 不公平的7.suggest vt.建議, 暗示suggestion n. 提議, 意見, 暗示,【練習】用括號內所提供詞的適當形式填空1) These meals are quick and _________ to prepare. We provide these meals for the _____ of the customers. (convenience)2) What ________ me first was that there is a beautiful house with an ____________ garden.(attraction)3) They had an _________ that the children would spend their holiday abroad.(arrange)4) The classic music _________ his childhood, and he thought that listening to the music has a calming _________ on him. (influence)5) A new city of Wenchuan is still under __________, although it was ________ a half year ago.(construct)6) At the whole classmates’________, the head teacher ________ they should go camping this weekend. (suggest)keys: 1) convenient; convenience 2) attracted; attractive 3) arrangement 4) influenced; influence 5) construction; constructed 6) suggestion; suggestedIV 重點詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）1. consist vi.由...組成, 在于, 一致consist of=be made up of 由…組成;由…構成[典例]1) Substances consist of small particles called molecules. 物質是由叫做分子的微粒組成的。2) True charity doesn't consist in almsgiving. 真正的慈善不在于施舍。 [練習]翻譯:1) 這支球隊由12人組成。__________________________________________________________________________________________2) 這位藝術家的風格上的美在于它的簡樸。__________________________________________________________________________________________eys: 1) the team consists of 12 players. 2)The beauty of the artist's style consists in its simplicity.2. clarify v.澄清, 闡明[典例] 1)---Could you clarify the first point please? 請你澄清第一個要點，好嗎?---I don’t understand it completely，either．我也并不完全理解。2) His mind suddenly clarified. 他的腦子突然清醒過。[練習] 翻譯句子1)她寫信詳細說明她的意圖. __________________________________________________________________________________________2)澄清某人的立場__________________________________________________________________________________________eys: 1)She wrote a letter to clarify her intentions. 2) clarify one's position3. convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具[典例]1) We bought this house for its convenience．我們買下這所房子是為了方便。2) Please come at your convenience．請在你方便的時候。3) Gas is one of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment building provides．這幢新造的公寓大樓裝有煤氣等現代化設備。[重點用法] inconvenience n． 不方便convenient adj． 便利的，適宜的at one's convenience在某人方便的時候for one's convenience(of)為了某人的方便for convenience's sake為了方便起見make a convenience of …利用[練習]翻譯句子1) 如果方便就看看我。__________________________________________________________________________________________2) 你方便明天開始工作嗎?__________________________________________________________________________________________eys: 1)Come and see me if it is convenient to you．2) Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?4. influence n.& vt.影響, 感化, 勢力, 有影響的人(或事)[典例]1) What influenced you to do it?是什么感染了你要這么做？2) Don’t be influenced by him; you should hold your own decision.別被他影響了你，你該有你自己的決定。[重點用法]have influence on/with…對……產生影響under the influence of 在......的影響下[練習]翻譯句子1） 父母親的行為總會給孩子帶影響。__________________________________________________________________________________________2） 在議會的影響下，總統改變了主意。__________________________________________________________________________________________eys: 1) What parents do always has influence on their children. 2) The president changed his idea under the influence of the senate.5. available adj.可用到的, 可利用的,有空的, [典例] 1) Attention，please．These tickets are available on the day of issue only．請注意，這種車票僅在發(fā)售當天有效2) Dresses are not available in your size, I’m afraid. 這些衣服恐怕沒有你的尺寸。[重點用法]反義詞：unavailable [考例]單項填空We regret to inform you that there are no tickets ______ for Friday’s performance.A. available B. spare C. convenient D. affordable【解析】 根據句意“我們很遺憾地通知你星期五的演出票沒有了”。可知available “可提供的，可得到的”，常作后置定語。答案：A。[練習]翻譯句子1) 這里沒有這本書。__________________________________________________________________________________________2)在擁擠的地方,沒有車位可用。__________________________________________________________________________________________eys: 1) This book is not available here. 2) In the busy place, no car parking is available for use.6. arrange v.安排, 排列, 協商[典例]1) The child was required to arrange his shoes in a neat row by his parents.家長要這個小孩把鞋放成整齊的一排 2) He was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class 他家里安排他娶一個門當戶對的女孩。[重點用法]arrange for安排, 準備arrange with sb. about sth.與某人商定某事[練習]翻譯句子1) 你得在會議開始前把書架上的書整理好。2）他們在秘密地為一場盛大婚禮做準備eys: 1) You should finish arranging the books on the shelves before the meeting. 2) They are arranging for a big wedding secretly.7. delight n.快樂, 高興, 喜悅v. (使)高興, (使)欣喜[典例] 1) Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory for the old days.有時一部舊片仍能給懷念舊時光的人們帶喜悅。2) The movie Xi Yangyang & Hui Tailang gave delight to millions of children. 電影《喜羊羊與灰太郎》使千萬小朋友獲得樂趣。[重點用法]take/find/have delight in喜愛, 以...為樂to sb.'s delight令人高興的是... delight in 嗜好[練習]翻譯句子1) 他的表演使觀眾感到滿意。2) 唱歌是她的主要愛好。3) 年輕人喜歡旅行。eys: 1) He delighted the audience with his performance. 2) Singing is her chief delight. 3) The young delight in /take delight/ in travelsV 重點詞組 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）1.take the place of代替,取代[典例]1) In the future, natural gas will take the place of petrol as the major fuel.將天然氣會代替汽油成為主要的能。
2) I’ll take the place of r．Lin next week．=I’ll take r．Lin's place next week．下周我將代替林老師。[重點用法]take place發(fā)生；舉行take one's place就位；代替某人in place of (= instead of)代替in place在適當的位置out of place不得其所，不適當地in the first place首先from place to place到處；各處[練習] 選擇以上短語填空
1) A sudden accident _______ in the street last evening.
2)She likes everything _______ before she starts to work．She hates a mess．
eys: 1)took place 2)in place
2. break down損壞，跨，壓倒，分解
[經典例句]1) The bridge broke down．橋塌了。2) The engine broke down．發(fā)動機壞了。3) He has broken down from overwork．他因工作過度而累垮了。4) Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen．水可以分解為氫和氧。5) The plan to build another chemical work has broken down because it will cause serious pollution．再建一個化工廠的計劃失敗了，因為這將引起嚴重的污染。[詞匯激活] break away from擺脫，脫離break in闖入；插話break into闖入；破門而人；打斷(談話)break off中止；折斷；打折break out爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生break through突破；沖垮break up分解；(使)結束;分開,分離[練習]請?zhí)钊诉m當的介詞或副詞： 1)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it ___________ into pieces.2) The elevator broke _______.3) Fighting broke_______ in the prison cells.4)Fire broke _______during the night. 5) On the way to the prison house, the prisoners suddenly broke _______ from the policeman.eys: 1) down 2) down 3) out 4) out 5) away3. leave out省去,遺漏
[典例]1) You have left out the most important word in this sentence．你在這一句中遺漏了最重要的一個單詞。2) Don't leave me out when you invite people to your party．當你邀請人們去參加晚會時，別把我漏掉了。[重點用法]leave for 動身到(某處)leave alone不管;撇下…一個人leave aside擱置leave behind遺忘;遺留[練習]請?zhí)钊诉m當的介詞或副詞：1) They were left ______ in the wilderness. 2) He was asked to make up the information left ______ by the leader.eys: 1) alone 2) outVI 重點句子 （旨在提供句子結構等所需材料）1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.沒有必要去爭論為什么要用不同的詞去描述這四個國家。[解釋]There is no need to do沒有必要做某事There is no doubt that ……是毫無疑問的[練習]漢譯英1) 我們有必要再去那一趟嗎?__________________________________________________________________________________________2) 沒必要給他寫封信告知這個消息.__________________________________________________________________________________________eys:1) Is there any need for us to go there again?2) There is no need to write to him and inform him the news.1. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.這似乎是一怪事:這位發(fā)展了共產主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過，而且在倫敦去世.[解釋] It is/seems/…that …從句用虛擬語氣，由“should+v.原形”構成[典例]1) It is strange that my mother should agree with me.真奇怪我媽媽竟然答應了我。2) It was strange that my mother should have agreed with me. 真奇怪我媽媽竟然答應了我。[練習]翻譯1） 真奇怪,他竟然考試不及格.__________________________________________________________________________________________2） 似乎很奇怪，他能夠通過觸摸判斷花的種類。__________________________________________________________________________________________ey: 1)It’s strange that he should fail the exam. 2) It seemed strange that he could tell the different kinds of flower by touching.本文來自：逍遙右腦記憶 http://www.yy-art.cn/gaoer/43254.html
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