Unit 2 The United ingdom

一、語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)

I單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）

詞匯

部分

詞語(yǔ)

辨析

1. divide/separate 2. puzzle/confuse

3.debate/argue/discuss/quarrel 4.influence/affect/effect

詞形

變化

1. convenience n.便利，方便,適合

convenient adj.便利的,方便的

conveniently adv.便利地

2. attraction n.吸引,吸引力

attractive adj. 吸引人的,有魅力的

attract v. 吸引

3. construct v.建造,構(gòu)造,建立

construction n..建筑,建設(shè)

4. arrange v. 安排,協(xié)商

arrangement n. 排列,安排

5.collect v.收集, 聚集, 集中

collection n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品

6. fair adj. 公平地, 公正地,

unfair adj. 不公平的

7.suggest vt.建議, 暗示

suggestion n. 提議, 意見(jiàn), 暗示,

重點(diǎn)

單詞

1. consist vi.由...組成, 在于, 一致

2. clarify v.澄清, 闡明

3. convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具、

4. influence n.& vt.影響, 感化, 勢(shì)力, 有影響的人(或事)

5. available adj.可用到的, 可利用的,有空的,

6. arrange v.安排, 排列, 協(xié)商

7. delight n.快樂(lè), 高興, 喜悅v. (使)高興, (使)欣喜

重點(diǎn)

詞組

take the place of代替,取代

break down損壞，跨，壓倒，分解

leave out省去,遺漏

重點(diǎn)句子

1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.

2. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.

重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法

過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

II 詞語(yǔ)辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1). divide/separate v.

【解釋】

divide “把一個(gè)整體分成若干部分”,破壞了賓語(yǔ)的完整性,常與 “into”連用

separate 指”把原連在一起或靠近的部分分割開(kāi)”,常與 “from” 連用

【練習(xí)】選擇divide或separate并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>

1） The apple was _________ into two.

2） His lecture ___________divides into three parts.

3） She was __________separated from her husband last year.

4） The Taiwan Strait __________ Taiwan from Fujian

eys: 1） divided 2）divides 3） separated 4）separates

2). puzzle/confuse

【解釋】

puzzle 指“情況錯(cuò)宗復(fù)雜, 因而使人感到困惑不解”

confuse 指“把事物混淆或弄亂“或“由于混淆、混亂而糊涂”, 語(yǔ)氣較弱, 常指暫時(shí)現(xiàn)象

【練習(xí)】選擇puzzle 或confuse并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>

1）What he did __________puzzled me greatly.

2）They asked me so many questions that they _________confused me.

3）I am always ________ salt with sugar.

4）The patient’s illness _______ the doctor; and he couldn’t find the cause.

eys: 1）puzzled 2）confused 3）confusing 4）puzzled

3) debate/argue/discuss/quarrel辯論,爭(zhēng)論

【解釋】

debate就已經(jīng)確定或統(tǒng)一的問(wèn)題,各述己見(jiàn),公開(kāi),正式的爭(zhēng)論.含交鋒的意思

argue 指提出理由或事實(shí)，試圖在爭(zhēng)辯中說(shuō)服對(duì)方，或促使他人擁護(hù)自己倡導(dǎo)的理由或觀點(diǎn)：

discuss指一般討論,談?wù)?p>

quarrel常指因瑣事而感到氣憤,進(jìn)行爭(zhēng)吵

【練習(xí)】選擇debate/argue/discuss/quarrel或puzzle并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>

1）The couple are always __________quarreling about the past.

2）Have you _________ the problem with anyone?

3）I _________ with her all day about the situation.

eys: 1）quarreling 2）discussed 3）argued

4) influence/affect

【解釋】

Affect著重影響一個(gè)人的感情或健康，也指事物受到影響

influence影響,指對(duì)人或事物起某種作用，使其行為,性格或觀點(diǎn)等發(fā)生變化，常含有潛移默化的意味.

【練習(xí)】選擇influence或affect并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?p>

1) The noise from the street _________affected my study.

2) Outside factors _____________influenced him to resign.

3) y parents _________ my childhood a great deal.

eys: 1) affected 2) influenced 3) influenced

III 詞性變化 （旨在提供語(yǔ)法填空所需材料）

1. convenience n.便利，方便,適合

convenient adj.便利的,方便的

conveniently adv.便利地

2. attraction n.吸引,吸引力

attractive adj. 吸引人的,有魅力的

attract v. 吸引

3. construct v.建造,構(gòu)造,建立

construction n..建筑,建設(shè)

4. arrange v. 安排,協(xié)商

arrangement n. 排列,安排

5.collect v.收集, 聚集, 集中

collection n.收藏, 征收, 搜集品

6. fair adj. 公平地, 公正地,

unfair adj. 不公平的

7.suggest vt.建議, 暗示

suggestion n. 提議, 意見(jiàn), 暗示,

【練習(xí)】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1) These meals are quick and _________ to prepare. We provide these meals for the _____ of the customers. (convenience)

2) What ________ me first was that there is a beautiful house with an ____________ garden.(attraction)

3) They had an _________ that the children would spend their holiday abroad.(arrange)

4) The classic music _________ his childhood, and he thought that listening to the music has a calming _________ on him. (influence)

5) A new city of Wenchuan is still under __________, although it was ________ a half year ago.(construct)

6) At the whole classmates’________, the head teacher ________ they should go camping this weekend. (suggest)

keys: 1) convenient; convenience 2) attracted; attractive 3) arrangement 4) influenced; influence 5) construction; constructed 6) suggestion; suggested

IV 重點(diǎn)詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1. consist vi.由...組成, 在于, 一致

consist of=be made up of 由…組成;由…構(gòu)成

[典例]

1) Substances consist of small particles called molecules. 物質(zhì)是由叫做分子的微粒組成的。

2) True charity doesn't consist in almsgiving. 真正的慈善不在于施舍。

[練習(xí)]翻譯:

1) 這支球隊(duì)由12人組成。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2) 這位藝術(shù)家的風(fēng)格上的美在于它的簡(jiǎn)樸。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) the team consists of 12 players. 2)The beauty of the artist's style consists in its simplicity.

2. clarify v.澄清, 闡明

[典例]

1)---Could you clarify the first point please? 請(qǐng)你澄清第一個(gè)要點(diǎn)，好嗎?

---I don’t understand it completely，either．我也并不完全理解。

2) His mind suddenly clarified. 他的腦子突然清醒過(guò)。

[練習(xí)] 翻譯句子

1)她寫信詳細(xì)說(shuō)明她的意圖.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2)澄清某人的立場(chǎng)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1)She wrote a letter to clarify her intentions. 2) clarify one's position

3. convenience n.便利, 方便, 有益, 有用的, 方便的用具

[典例]

1) We bought this house for its convenience．我們買下這所房子是為了方便。

2) Please come at your convenience．請(qǐng)?jiān)谀惴奖愕臅r(shí)候。

3) Gas is one of the modern conveniences the newly-built apartment building provides．

這幢新造的公寓大樓裝有煤氣等現(xiàn)代化設(shè)備。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

inconvenience n． 不方便

convenient adj． 便利的，適宜的

at one's convenience在某人方便的時(shí)候

for one's convenience(of)為了某人的方便

for convenience's sake為了方便起見(jiàn)

make a convenience of …利用

[練習(xí)]翻譯句子

1) 如果方便就看看我。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2) 你方便明天開(kāi)始工作嗎?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1)Come and see me if it is convenient to you．2) Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?

4. influence n.& vt.影響, 感化, 勢(shì)力, 有影響的人(或事)

[典例]

1) What influenced you to do it?是什么感染了你要這么做？

2) Don’t be influenced by him; you should hold your own decision.別被他影響了你，你該有你自己的決定。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

have influence on/with…對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響

under the influence of 在......的影響下

[練習(xí)]翻譯句子

1） 父母親的行為總會(huì)給孩子帶影響。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2） 在議會(huì)的影響下，總統(tǒng)改變了主意。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) What parents do always has influence on their children. 2) The president changed his idea under the influence of the senate.

5. available adj.可用到的, 可利用的,有空的,

[典例]

1) Attention，please．These tickets are available on the day of issue only．

請(qǐng)注意，這種車票僅在發(fā)售當(dāng)天有效

2) Dresses are not available in your size, I’m afraid.

這些衣服恐怕沒(méi)有你的尺寸。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

反義詞：unavailable

[考例]單項(xiàng)填空

We regret to inform you that there are no tickets ______ for Friday’s performance.

A. available B. spare C. convenient D. affordable

【解析】 根據(jù)句意“我們很遺憾地通知你星期五的演出票沒(méi)有了”�？芍猘vailable “可提供的，可得到的”，常作后置定語(yǔ)。答案：A。

[練習(xí)]翻譯句子

1) 這里沒(méi)有這本書(shū)。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2)在擁擠的地方,沒(méi)有車位可用。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1) This book is not available here. 2) In the busy place, no car parking is available for use.

6. arrange v.安排, 排列, 協(xié)商

[典例]

1) The child was required to arrange his shoes in a neat row by his parents.

家長(zhǎng)要這個(gè)小孩把鞋放成整齊的一排

2) He was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class 他家里安排他娶一個(gè)門當(dāng)戶對(duì)的女孩。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

arrange for安排, 準(zhǔn)備

arrange with sb. about sth.與某人商定某事

[練習(xí)]翻譯句子

1) 你得在會(huì)議開(kāi)始前把書(shū)架上的書(shū)整理好。

2）他們?cè)诿孛艿貫橐粓?chǎng)盛大婚禮做準(zhǔn)備

eys: 1) You should finish arranging the books on the shelves before the meeting. 2) They are arranging for a big wedding secretly.

7. delight n.快樂(lè), 高興, 喜悅v. (使)高興, (使)欣喜

[典例]

1) Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people who have a sweet memory for the old days.有時(shí)一部舊片仍能給懷念舊時(shí)光的人們帶喜悅。

2) The movie Xi Yangyang & Hui Tailang gave delight to millions of children. 電影《喜羊羊與灰太郎》使千萬(wàn)小朋友獲得樂(lè)趣。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

take/find/have delight in喜愛(ài), 以...為樂(lè)

to sb.'s delight令人高興的是...

delight in 嗜好

[練習(xí)]翻譯句子

1) 他的表演使觀眾感到滿意。

2) 唱歌是她的主要愛(ài)好。

3) 年輕人喜歡旅行。

eys: 1) He delighted the audience with his performance. 2) Singing is her chief delight. 3) The young delight in /take delight/ in travels

V 重點(diǎn)詞組 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1.take the place of代替,取代

[典例]

1) In the future, natural gas will take the place of petrol as the major fuel.將天然氣會(huì)代替汽油成為主要的能。

2) I’ll take the place of r．Lin next week．=I’ll take r．Lin's place next week．

下周我將代替林老師。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

take place發(fā)生；舉行

take one's place就位；代替某人

in place of (= instead of)代替

in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?p>

out of place不得其所，不適當(dāng)?shù)?p>

in the first place首先

from place to place到處；各處

[練習(xí)] 選擇以上短語(yǔ)填空

1) A sudden accident _______ in the street last evening.

2)She likes everything _______ before she starts to work．She hates a mess．

eys: 1)took place 2)in place

2. break down損壞，跨，壓倒，分解

[經(jīng)典例句]

1) The bridge broke down．橋塌了。

2) The engine broke down．發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)壞了。

3) He has broken down from overwork．他因工作過(guò)度而累垮了。

4) Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen．水可以分解為氫和氧。

5) The plan to build another chemical work has broken down because it will cause serious pollution．再建一個(gè)化工廠的計(jì)劃失敗了，因?yàn)檫@將引起嚴(yán)重的污染。

[詞匯激活]

break away from擺脫，脫離

break in闖入；插話

break into闖入；破門而人；打斷(談話)

break off中止；折斷；打折

break out爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生

break through突破；沖垮

break up分解；(使)結(jié)束;分開(kāi),分離

[練習(xí)]請(qǐng)?zhí)钊诉m當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞：

1)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it ___________ into pieces.

2) The elevator broke _______.

3) Fighting broke_______ in the prison cells.

4)Fire broke _______during the night.

5) On the way to the prison house, the prisoners suddenly broke _______ from the policeman.

eys: 1) down 2) down 3) out 4) out 5) away

3. leave out省去,遺漏

[典例]

1) You have left out the most important word in this sentence．

你在這一句中遺漏了最重要的一個(gè)單詞。

2) Don't leave me out when you invite people to your party．

當(dāng)你邀請(qǐng)人們?nèi)�參加晚�?huì)時(shí)，別把我漏掉了。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

leave for 動(dòng)身到(某處)

leave alone不管;撇下…一個(gè)人

leave aside擱置

leave behind遺忘;遺留

[練習(xí)]請(qǐng)?zhí)钊诉m當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞：

1) They were left ______ in the wilderness.

2) He was asked to make up the information left ______ by the leader.

eys: 1) alone 2) out

VI 重點(diǎn)句子 （旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）

1. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.

沒(méi)有必要去爭(zhēng)論為什么要用不同的詞去描述這四個(gè)國(guó)家。

[解釋]There is no need to do沒(méi)有必要做某事

There is no doubt that ……是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的

[練習(xí)]漢譯英

1) 我們有必要再去那一趟嗎?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2) 沒(méi)必要給他寫封信告知這個(gè)消息.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

eys:

1) Is there any need for us to go there again?

2) There is no need to write to him and inform him the news.

1. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.

這似乎是一怪事:這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義的人竟然在倫敦生活過(guò)，而且在倫敦去世.

[解釋] It is/seems/…that …從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，由“should+v.原形”構(gòu)成

[典例]

1) It is strange that my mother should agree with me.真奇怪我媽媽竟然答應(yīng)了我。

2) It was strange that my mother should have agreed with me. 真奇怪我媽媽竟然答應(yīng)了我。

[練習(xí)]翻譯

1） 真奇怪,他竟然考試不及格.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2） 似乎很奇怪，他能夠通過(guò)觸摸判斷花的種類。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

ey: 1)It’s strange that he should fail the exam. 2) It seemed strange that he could tell the different kinds of flower by touching.


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