過去進(jìn)行時(shí)是初二和初三同學(xué)本次期末考試必考語法內(nèi)容，一起來學(xué)習(xí)它吧！一. 定義過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或時(shí)間段正在進(jìn)行的事情或動作。二. 結(jié)構(gòu)was/were +doing (現(xiàn)在分詞）三. 用法1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作或者事情。常用的時(shí)間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點(diǎn)到九點(diǎn)的時(shí)候我們在看電視。What was he researching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？My brother fell and hurt himself while he was riding his bicycle.我哥哥騎自行車的時(shí)候從車上摔下來，受傷了。It was raining when they left the station.他們離開車站的時(shí)候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候，陽光燦爛。2. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的事情。時(shí)間點(diǎn)可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。例如：What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?昨天晚上九點(diǎn)她在做什么？ (介詞短語表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))She was doing her homework then.那個(gè)時(shí)候她正在寫作業(yè)。（副詞表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)）When I saw him he was decorating his room.當(dāng)我看見他的時(shí)候他正在裝飾房間。 (when從句表示時(shí)間點(diǎn))3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時(shí)發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：When he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報(bào)。 (兩個(gè)動作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦車時(shí)我在做飯。(兩個(gè)動作同時(shí)進(jìn)行)【典型例題】1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.A. madeB. is makingC. was makingD. makes答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時(shí)。同時(shí)，when表時(shí)間的同時(shí)性，“瑪麗在做衣服時(shí)”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read;fell答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當(dāng)……之時(shí)"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時(shí)，用過去進(jìn)行；一個(gè)長動作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)短動作發(fā)生。句意為 "在她看報(bào)紙時(shí)，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過去時(shí))，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。四. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別1. 一般過去時(shí)敘述舊事，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述背景。2. 一般過去時(shí)表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表某一行為的“片斷”。I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個(gè)“讀”)I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段)3. 過去的一段持續(xù)時(shí)間狀語多與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用It was raining all night.(優(yōu)先用was raining ,rained 為持續(xù)動詞，故也可使用)He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暫動詞與持續(xù)時(shí)間連用，表反復(fù)，連續(xù)發(fā)生，不可用一般過去時(shí))五. 英語中有四類動詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)（不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)）1. 表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動詞奇速英語課程如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用進(jìn)行時(shí)則詞意改變。I’m forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )2. 表存在、狀態(tài)的動詞如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等。3. 表感官的動詞如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等。4. 表非延續(xù)性的動詞如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。
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