南開中學 段勝利

　　2.用構詞法猜詞重要的是記好詞干意義

　　在運用上下文猜測詞義的同時，還可以“拆分詞匯”，通過構詞法的線索來有效猜詞。

　　我們知道，單詞從構詞法來說，可以有：前綴+詞干+后綴，其中詞干決定單詞的基本詞義，前綴可以在基本詞義基礎上衍生不同詞義的單詞，而后綴通常表明詞性。在猜詞中，我們可以利用這方面的知識，對生詞加以識別。這其中，最關鍵的是要多記詞干的意義。

　　例一：Ottawa has given out special passes to some 300 US citizens in that area so they can enter the country when Canadian customs stations are closed, but the US stopped a similar program last May. That forces the people to a 200-mile detour along hilly roads to get home through another border checkpoint.

　　The underlined word "detour" in the paragraph means .

　　A.a drive through the town

　　B.a race across the fields

　　C.a round about way of travelling

　　D.a journey in the mountain area

　　答案C。tour=turn，tour漫游；旅行等；這里前綴de=dis=away，說明偏離原道，因此轉(zhuǎn)義繞道，改道，繞道而行。

　　例二：Towards the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day, an extremely exciting horserace.

　　The underlined word "finale" in the paragraph most probably means the ________of the opening day.

　　A. first part B. middle

　　C. last part D. whole

　　答案C。fin=end，我們所了解的final(adj.最終的，n.決賽)，finish(v.結束)，finite(adj.有限的)等詞，都含著“結束”之意。這里的finale就是終曲，終場之意。又如下面一題：

　　There was yet another high school list I made. One day I came across a newspaper article about an English professor at a nearby state college. The article had a list of the "hundred most important books of Western Civilization. " "More than anything else in my life," the professor told the reporter with finality , " these books have made me all that I am. " That was the kind of words I couldn’t ignore (忽視). I kept the list for the several months it took me to read all of the titles.

　　The underlined phrase "with finality" probably means _____.

　　A. firmly B. clearly

　　C. proudly D. pleasantly

　　答案A。with finality中的finality讓人聯(lián)想到“最終”，因此應當有堅定，果斷等意，故選擇firmly。

　　例三：Shopkeepers in Modbury population 1,500, agreed to stop handing out disposable plastic bags to customers on Saturday. They said paper sacks and cloth carrier bags would be offered instead.

　　The underlined word "disposable" in the passage probably means_______.

　　A. acceptable B. valuable

　　C. throw-away D. long-lasting

　　答案C。disposable=dis+pos+able，其中pos=place；put，dis=apart，able表示可能的，這就有了可任意處置、用完即丟的含義。

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