【摘要】英語語法對于學(xué)習(xí)英語也是非常重要的一部分，語法更是英語的交流寫作基礎(chǔ)。所以小編為您編輯了此文：“高考英語語法講解：主謂一致問題講解”，希望能給您帶來幫助。

本文題目：高考英語語法講解：主謂一致問題講解

(一) 主謂一致問題

主謂一致是指主語與謂語在數(shù)上要一致。把握主謂一致問題，考生主要解決的是對不同結(jié)構(gòu)的主語單復(fù)數(shù)的認(rèn)定，進(jìn)而選擇適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語。解決主謂一致主要遵循三個原則：

語法一致原則

意義一致原則

就近一致原則

很多情況下應(yīng)該綜合利用這三個原則來處理主謂一致，在不同情況下可能應(yīng)用三個原則中的不同原則，具體應(yīng)用哪種原則應(yīng)該視具體情況而定�？偨Y(jié)如下：

一.謂語動詞用單數(shù)的情況

1.動名詞短語、不定式短語、名詞性從句做主語，謂語用單數(shù)。如：

Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the cones that fit him or her.

(1987年考研題)

To understand the situation completely requires more thought than has been given thus far.

2.表示時間、距離、金額、重量、面積、體積、容積等度量的名詞短語做主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。

Two weeks was too long

Five times five makes twenty five

3.一般用and連接的兩個單詞或短語做主語時候，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，但是下面用and連接的主語表示一個概念，謂語用單數(shù)：

law and order 法制 soap and water 肥皂水

a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子 fork and knife 刀叉

the needle and thread 針線 trial and error 反復(fù)嘗試，不斷摸索

horse and carriage 馬車 time and tide 歲月

bread and butter 奶油面包 the ebb and flow 盛衰，潮漲潮落

如： If law and order not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.

A. is B. are C. was d. were

答案：A。

4.表示學(xué)科和某些疾病名稱的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式，作主語時候謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式

Linguistics is a branch of study on human language.

5.有些名詞形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，意義上是單數(shù)，根據(jù)意義一致原則動詞用單數(shù)

The chaos was stopped by the police

The news is a great encouragement to us

A series of debates between the lectures was scheduled for the next weekend.

6.用and 連接的成份表示一個單一概念時候，動詞謂語用單數(shù)形式

Bread and butter is our daily food

Time and tide waits for no man

二. 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)情況

1. 由and, both …and, 連接的并列主語，和both ,a few, many ,several 等修飾語后面謂語動詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

Few people know he and I were classmates when we were at college.

2.集體名詞police, public, militia, cattle ,class ,youth后常用復(fù)數(shù)形式的動詞

The Chinese people are brave and hardworking

The cattle are grazing in the sunshine

3.當(dāng)表示民族的詞與冠詞合用當(dāng)主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式

The Japanese were once very aggressive

4.某些形容詞前面加定冠詞表示一類人，做主語時候，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)

The rich are not always selfish

5.不可數(shù)名詞作主語，其前有表示數(shù)量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞修飾時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)

Three million tons of coal were exported that year

三.謂語動詞可用單數(shù)，也可以用復(fù)數(shù)的情況

1. 就近一致原則

這種情況下，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近該動詞的主語的單復(fù)數(shù)，存在這種情況的主要由以下幾種可能：

1) 由連詞 either…or…; neither…nor…; whether… or…;not only…but (also) ;or 等連接的并列主語

Neither money nor fame has influence on me

Not only you but also he is wrong

2) 在倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞與后面的第一個主語一致

Blocking the open-sided porch, framed by the enveloping fog, stands a tall grave-faced policeman.

Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.

Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facili

2. 主語帶有(together/along)with, such as, accompanied by, as well as, no less than, except, besides, with, combined with, in addition to , including, together with 等等附加成分，謂語的數(shù)不受附加成分的影響仍然與主語保持一致

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