閱讀簡答題最先由湖南于2007年開始試行——將高考英語的閱讀理解題進(jìn)行改革：將其分為兩節(jié)，原來閱讀理解的最后一段被改為第二節(jié)——英語簡答題。這一改革充分反映了現(xiàn)代英語教學(xué)的要求，對用英語獲取信息、處理信息與用英語進(jìn)行思維和表達(dá)能力進(jìn)行綜合考查。

一、試題介紹

簡答題分兩部分：閱讀材料和問題。閱讀材料為一篇300字左右的文章，在文章后設(shè)三道小題，每小題2分，滿分6分。要求考生閱讀文章后，根據(jù)各小題的具體要求，簡要回答問題。

二、考綱樣題

下面是2007年湖南省考試說明關(guān)于閱讀簡答題的樣題：

SHISHMAREF, an Eskimo village on an island off northwestern Alaska , is falling into the ocean. Giant storm waves have so hit the place—once well buffered by sea ice—that villagers voted in 2002 to leave their ancestral home for the mainland. They are being called one of the first refugees(難民)of global warming.

“We tend to describe climate change in terms that are abstract—a one degree rise in temperature, an increase in greenhouse gases—but when waves wash away a village, that’s concrete and very emotional,” says Igor Krupnik, an expert at the National Museum of Natural History. “When they lose a piece of their land, they aren’t just losing a certain number of square miles. They are losing part of their history and their memory. They are losing childhood events and grandparents’ tales.”

Before temperatures began to rise in Shishmaref about 30 years ago, 20 to 30 miles of hard sea ice protected the village from powerful fall storms. But the natives say the ice doesn’t freeze as solidly or as soon as it used to and now stretches only six or seven miles, leaving the community of 600 people more exposed. Storms have swept houses into the ocean.

The villagers’ plan is to move to Tin Creek, a site on the Alaska mainland 12 miles away, and they have received $180 million from the government. Residents hope that in their new community they’ll be able to maintain their close ties, continue hunting animals, and keep fishing, much as their ancestors have done for centuries. “People are asking why the government should be spending so much money on so few people,” said a government official. “But people in Alaska are like everyone else. We want to help keep their culture alive.”

73. Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “buffered”.

74. according to the villagers’ saying, what do we know about the sea ice around Shishmaref in the past? (回答詞數(shù)不超過8個)

75. What is the villagers’ main purpose to rebuild their community? (回答詞數(shù)不超過6個)

三、考點(diǎn)提示

從上面的樣題可以看出，第73小題為詞義猜測題，要求考生根據(jù)句子意思，猜出問題中單詞的意思，然后在文章中找出與其意思相近的詞;第74小題為細(xì)節(jié)理解題、而第75小題為目的推測題，要求考生在文章中找出與問題相關(guān)的信息，然后用不超過8個單詞回答第74題，而用不超過6個單詞回答第75小題。

四、參考答案

73. protected (from www.nmet168.com)

74. It froze more solidly and sooner或It covered a larger area.

75. To keep their culture alive. 或To save their way of life.

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