人教版必修2重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)、句型、語(yǔ)法全匯總

編輯: 逍遙路 關(guān)鍵詞: 高中英語(yǔ) 來源: 高中學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)
Unit1 Cultural Relics  【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】  1. survive 幸免,生存,生還  2. in search of 尋找  3. select 挑選  4. design 設(shè)計(jì),圖案,構(gòu)思  5. fancy 奇特的,異樣的,想象  6. decorate 裝飾,裝潢  7. belong to 屬于  8. in return 作為回報(bào)  9. at war 處于交戰(zhàn)中  10. remove 移動(dòng),搬動(dòng)  11. less than 少于  12. doubt 懷疑  13. worth 值得的,相當(dāng)于…的價(jià)值  14. take apart 拆開  15. explode 爆炸  16. sink 下沉,沉下  17. think highly of 高度評(píng)價(jià)  【重點(diǎn)句型】  1. There is no doubt that… 毫無疑問…  2. when的用法  was/were doing…when… 正在做某事…這時(shí)  was/were about to do… when…. 將要做某事…這時(shí)  had just done…when… 剛做完某事…這時(shí)  3. China is larger than any other country in the world. (同一范圍內(nèi)的比較)  She runs faster than any man in Greece. (不同范圍內(nèi)的比較)  4. the way的用法  The way___ he explained to us was quite simple. (that/which/省略)  The way ___ he explained the sentence to us was not difficult. (that/in which/省略)  5. worth的用法  be (well) worth doing sth (很)值得做某事  be worthy to be done = be worthy of being done  It’s worthwhile to do sth = it’s worthwhile doing sth  6. “疑問詞+ to do” 結(jié)構(gòu),在句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)  How to do it is a question.  I don’t know what to do next.  7. it做形式主語(yǔ)  It has been proved that pride goes before a fall.  事實(shí)證明驕必?cái)! ?. what 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ)  What he has said is of great importance.  What happened to him remained unknown.  【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】  非限定性定語(yǔ)從句  非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說明(注:通常和主句間用逗號(hào)隔開,不受主句句子結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立)  限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的六點(diǎn)區(qū)別  區(qū)別一:形式不同  限定性定語(yǔ)從句主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開,口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)也不停頓;而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間通常有逗號(hào)隔開,口語(yǔ)中使用時(shí)有停頓! ^(qū)別二:功能不同  限定性定語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)先行詞的意義進(jìn)行修飾、限制和識(shí)別,如果去掉,就會(huì)造成句意不完整或概念不清;而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說明作用,如果省略,句意仍然清楚、完整。如:  People who take physical exercise live longer. 進(jìn)行體育鍛煉的人活得長(zhǎng)些。(若把從句去掉句子就失去意義)  His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女兒現(xiàn)在在波士頓,下星期回來。(若把從句去句子意義仍然完整)  區(qū)別三:翻譯不同  在翻譯定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),一般把限定性定語(yǔ)從句翻譯在它所修飾的先行詞之前,而把非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句分開。如:  He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車被竊的那個(gè)人! ’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀請(qǐng)了吉姆,他就住在隔壁! ^(qū)別四:含義不同  比較下面的兩個(gè)句子:  I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一個(gè)醫(yī)生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一個(gè))  I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一個(gè)姐姐,她是當(dāng)醫(yī)生的。(只有一個(gè)姐姐)  區(qū)別五:先行詞不同  限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞只能是名詞或代詞,而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞則可以是名詞或代詞,也可以是短語(yǔ)或句子;另外,當(dāng)先行詞為專有名詞或其他具有獨(dú)一無二性的普通名詞時(shí),通常要用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,而不用限制性定語(yǔ)從句。如:  Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得開車很快,這是很危險(xiǎn)的。(which指drive too fast)  He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改變了主意,這使我很生氣。(which指整個(gè)主句)  區(qū)別六:關(guān)系詞不同  關(guān)系詞that和why可用于限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,通常不用于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句;另外,在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系詞有時(shí)可以省略(參見本章有關(guān)內(nèi)容),而在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞一律不省略! nit2 The Olympic Games  【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】  1. compete 比賽,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)  2. take part in 參加,參與  3. stand for 代表,象征,表示  4. admit 容許,接納,承認(rèn)  5. as well 也,又,還  6. host 做東,招待,主人  7. replace 代替  8. charge 收費(fèi),控訴  in charge 主管,看管  9. advertise I做廣告,登廣告  10. bargain 討價(jià)還價(jià),講條件,便宜貨  11. one after another 一個(gè)接一個(gè)地  12. deserve 應(yīng)受(報(bào)答或懲罰)  13. deserve的用法  deserve to do sth 應(yīng)該做/值得做  deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得… (doing 表被動(dòng)意義)  Your suggestion deserves to be considered = deserves considering. 。 用法相似的動(dòng)詞:need/want/require doing= need/want/require to be done 需要….)  14. take part in : 參加有組織的、重大的活動(dòng)  join in 參加正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)  join: 參加團(tuán)體,黨派和組織,成為其中的一員(join the army; join the party)  attend: 出席,參加,后跟 meeting,wedding,class, course等  【重點(diǎn)句型】  1. nor/neither + 助動(dòng)詞/be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 主語(yǔ):表示“…也不這樣”  I have never been abroad, and neither/nor has he.  If you don’t go to the party, nor will I.  2. So+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ) :表示“...也是的一樣的”, 強(qiáng)調(diào)后者同前者肯定情況一樣! 3. So+主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞:表示 “的確如此”,對(duì)前面情況的肯定! 4. not only…but (also)… 不但...而且...  Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics.  (1) 引導(dǎo)并列結(jié)構(gòu):引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 就近原則! (2) 引導(dǎo)并列句時(shí),not only句倒裝,即前倒后不倒! ot only did they take photos, but also they had a bid dinner.  【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】  被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)  一. 概念:主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者,被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者! 《. 各種時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式  1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) am/is/are + done  2. 一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) was/were + done  3. 一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ⑴will be done is/am/are going to be done  4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) is/am/are + being + done  表示說話人說話時(shí)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,經(jīng)常和時(shí)間副詞now (現(xiàn)在), right now (現(xiàn)在, 此刻), at present (現(xiàn)在,目前), at this moment (此刻)連用! 5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng) have/has been done  現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明確的時(shí)間副詞連用, 還可以和表示時(shí)間一直延續(xù)到目前的帶(ever )since, for的狀語(yǔ)及包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的詞連用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these days,many times, so far, by now, in the past/last few days/years… 等。 6. 過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng) had been done  7. 過去將來時(shí)的被動(dòng) would be done  8. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng) was/were being done  9. 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be done  10. 動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式 to be done  e.g. It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.  三. 注意事項(xiàng)  1. 并不是所有動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)  happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組無被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)! 2. 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、固定搭配變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)介詞或副詞不能省。  E.g. Time should be made full use of.  3. 雙賓語(yǔ):一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)成主語(yǔ),另一主語(yǔ)保留不變! .g. Mother will buy me an iphone5. → I will be bought an iphone5 (by my mother) .  → An iphone5 will be bought for me (by my mother) .  Unit3 Computers  【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】  1. solve 解決;解答  2. from…on 從…...時(shí)起  3. as a result 結(jié)果  4. so…that 如此…以至于  5. explore 探索,探測(cè),研究  6. anyhow 無論如何,即使如此  7. goal 目標(biāo),球門,得分  8. human race 人類  9. signal 發(fā)信號(hào),信號(hào)  10. type 類型,打字  11. in a way 在某種程度上  12. arise 出現(xiàn),發(fā)生  13. with the help of 在…...的幫助下  14. electronic 電子的  15. deal with 處理  16. watch over 看守,監(jiān)視  17. rise/arise/arouse/raise的區(qū)別
  【重點(diǎn)句型】  1. certain和sure的句型  sb. be sure/certain of…= sb. be sure/certain that從句:某人確信…  be sure/certain to do sth. 肯定會(huì)做…  It’s certain that從句 肯定會(huì)  例如: It’s certain that he will succeed.=He’s sure/certain to succeed.他肯定會(huì)成功的! ’m sure/certain of his success.= I’m sure/certain that he will succeed. 我確信他會(huì)成功的! 2. 主語(yǔ)+ be + adj + to do The question is easy to answer.  3. 狀語(yǔ)從句的省略  在when, while, if, unless, though, once等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中,如果從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致, 且從句中的謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí), 為了使句子簡(jiǎn)潔, 可省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。  While playing in the snow, the two pandas had great fun.  Unless invited, he has decided not to attend that activity.  【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(詳見第二單元)  Unit4 Wildlife protection  【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】  1. die out 滅亡、逐漸消失  2. hunt 打獵,獵取  3. in peace 和平地,安詳?shù)亍 ?. in danger of 在危險(xiǎn)中  5. in relief 如釋重負(fù),松了口氣  6. burst into laughter 突然笑起來  7. protect…from 保護(hù)…不受…之害  8. contain 包含,容納,容忍  9. affect影響,感動(dòng),侵襲  10. pay attention to 注意  11. appreciate 鑒賞,感激  12. succeed 成功,接替  13. employ 雇傭,利用  14. harm 危害  15. bite 咬,! 16. come into being 形成,產(chǎn)生  17. inspect 檢查,視察  18. according to 按照,根據(jù)  19. so that 以至于  【重點(diǎn)句型】  1. succeed in doing sth 成功的做某事  succeed to sth 繼承某事  2. under construction/discussion 正在被建設(shè)/討論  in use 正在被使用  3. do harm to sth = be harmful to sth 對(duì)…有害  there is no harm in doing sth 做某事無害  4. be used to do sth 被用來做…  used to sth 過去常常做...  be used to doing sth 習(xí)慣于做某事  5. It won’t be long before… 過不了多久…就會(huì)…  6. take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事  7. with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu): with + n/pron + adj/adv/ 介詞短語(yǔ)/現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定式  With a lot of problems to settle, she can’t go out. (將來)  With time going by, he is getting along well with his English. (主動(dòng),進(jìn)行)  With the work done, he can go out. (被動(dòng),完成)  【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(詳見第二單元)  Unit5 Music  【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)】  1. roll 滾動(dòng),搖晃,卷,  2. dream of 夢(mèng)見,夢(mèng)想  3. to be honest 實(shí)話說  4. attach 系上,附加  attach …to 認(rèn)為有……(重要性、意義)  5. form 組成,形成,構(gòu)成  6. earn 賺,掙得  7. perform 表演,執(zhí)行,履行  8. in cash 用現(xiàn)金,有現(xiàn)錢  9. play jokes on 戲弄  10. rely on 依賴,依靠  11. be/get familiar with 熟悉  12. or so 大約  13. break up 打碎,分裂  14. in addition 另外  15. sort out 分類  16. above all 最重要,首先  【重點(diǎn)句型】  1. dream of/about 夢(mèng)想做…  2. to be honest= honestly speaking = to tell the truth 說實(shí)話  3. form the habit of... 形成…習(xí)慣  in the form of… 以…形式  4. I would appreciate it if… 如果…我將不勝感激.  go wrong 出故障 come up with 提出 make up 構(gòu)成;編造 a5. as is often the case 情況通常如此  6. It looks as if it is going to rain.(真實(shí)語(yǔ)氣:很有可能發(fā)生)  He treats me as if I were a stranger. (虛擬語(yǔ)氣:與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)He talked about Rome as if he had been there before. (虛擬語(yǔ)氣:與過去事實(shí)相反)  【語(yǔ)法總結(jié)】  prep+which/whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句  關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)時(shí),有時(shí)可把介詞提到關(guān)系代詞的前面,但這時(shí)如果先行詞是人,要用“介詞+whom”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句;如果先行詞是物,要用“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。且關(guān)系代詞都不能省略! g: 1. The girl whom I borrowed the bike from is my friend.  2. The girl from whom I borrowed the bike is my friend.  3. How is the film about which I often talked to you?  4. Is this the room in which Mr. Smith lives?  注意:一些固定的含有介詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中不能拆開,即不能把介詞放關(guān)系詞前! 1. This is the bag which he is looking for .  2. The old lady whom she is looking after is her teacher.
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