你知道高考英語重點(diǎn)語法有哪些嗎?英語語法是針對(duì)英語語言進(jìn)行研究后，系統(tǒng)地總結(jié)歸納出來的一系列語言規(guī)則。下面是小編整理的高考英語重點(diǎn)語法總結(jié)，希望對(duì)同學(xué)們的英語學(xué)習(xí)有幫助。
| 高考英語必須掌握的六大題型解題技巧 | 高考英語語法干擾項(xiàng)分析和答題技巧 |
| 背會(huì)這100句，不再害怕英語作文! | 高考沖刺如何快速提高英語成績 |
| 高中英語單詞語法如何快速記憶 | 高考英語通知類作文寫作模式及范文 |
高考英語重點(diǎn)語法總結(jié)：直接引語和間接引語
(一)直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語;用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引
語必須放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，間接引語則不用引號(hào)。直接引語改為間接引語時(shí)，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對(duì)直接引語中的人
稱、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等進(jìn)行改變。
1.時(shí)態(tài)的變化：直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動(dòng)詞
said,asked等的影響而使用過去化的時(shí)態(tài)，即把原來的時(shí)態(tài)向過
去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)，等等。例如：
Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”
→Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.
2.人稱代詞、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等等的變化：
根據(jù)意義進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化，例如：
She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”
→She asked Jack where he had been.
He said,“These books are mine.”
→He said that those books were his.
(二)直接引語改為間接引語時(shí)，都使用陳述語序，但是因?yàn)樵涞木涫讲煌�，所以變成間接引語時(shí)所用的連詞會(huì)有所不同
。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if;如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導(dǎo)間接引語。轉(zhuǎn)述的動(dòng)詞一般用asked，
可以在其后加上一個(gè)間接賓語me,him,her,us等。如：
She said,“Is your father at home?”
→She asked me if/whether my father was at home.
“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.
→My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.
直接引語如果是祈使句，改為間接引語時(shí)，要將祈使句的動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語氣(
即請(qǐng)求或命令)加上ask,tell,order等動(dòng)詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask/tell/order someone
(not)to do something.例如：
She said to us,“Please sit down.”
→She asked us to sit down.
He said to him,“Go away!”
→He ordered him to go away.
He said,“Don’t make so much noise,boys.”
→He told the boys not to make so much noise.
1高考英語重點(diǎn)語法總結(jié)：各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
被動(dòng)語態(tài)概述
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的概念：它是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關(guān)系。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river.被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動(dòng)作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式是由“助動(dòng)詞be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)等的不同而變化。幾種常見時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式如下：
1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+過去分詞
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2.一般過去時(shí)was/were+過去分詞
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3.一般將來時(shí)will/shall+be+過去分詞
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+being+過去分詞
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were+being+過去分詞
When he got there,the problem was being discussed.
6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+been+過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes,it has./No,it hasn’t.
7.過去完成時(shí)had+been+過去分詞
注意：1.除了be之外的其它系動(dòng)詞如get,stay等也可以和過
去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.
2.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的謂語變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)使用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
More attention should be paid to the old in this country.
This work can’t be done until Mr.Black comes.
3.含有“be going to”,“be to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語，其被動(dòng)語態(tài)分別用“be going to+be+過去分詞”和“be to+be+過去分詞”。例如：The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.
All these books are to be taken to the library.
4.被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：“連系動(dòng)詞+用作表語的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式完全一樣，所以應(yīng)注
意它們的區(qū)別。被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的過去分詞是動(dòng)詞，多強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。前者通常可用by 引出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，而后者則不可以。例如：
The map was changed by someone.(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))
That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞通�？杀籿ery修飾，被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。
例如：He was very excited.(系表結(jié)構(gòu))
He was much excited by her words.(被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu))
5.主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。有些動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式有被動(dòng)意味，如 open,read,sell,shut,wash,wear,write等。此時(shí)句子的主語一般是物。
例如：These books sell well.這些書很暢銷。
The door won’t shut.這門關(guān)不上。
The clothes wash well.這些衣服很好洗。
以上就是小編整理的高考英語重點(diǎn)語法總結(jié)，供參考，更多高考英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)請(qǐng)關(guān)注。
本文來自：逍遙右腦記憶 http://yy-art.cn/gaozhong/878396.html
相關(guān)閱讀：高考英語語法填空解題技巧口訣