Unit 12 Section A 1a--2c
【Learning objectives】
1.Knowing: shake; custom; bow; kiss; shake hands
2.Habit--forming: What are you supposed to do when you meet someone?
You (are ) supposed to bow/ shake hands/ kiss
3.Practising: be supposed to do sth
4.Communicating : tell what you are supposed to do
【Important points】
tell what you are supposed to do
【Learning process】
一、自主學(xué)習(xí)
Task 1 : tell what you are supposed to do
1 Talk about the following :
1) How many customs about meeting do you know?
2) What do people in China / the United States do when they meet for the first time?
2 Listen to the tape and match the countries with the costoms
3 According to 1a ,ask and answer like following:
A: What are people in Korea supposed to do when they meet for the first time ?
B: They are suppsoed to bow.
4 以小組為單位分別扮演不同國(guó)籍的人,模仿下列對(duì)話交際練習(xí)。
A: In your country, What are you supposed to do when you meet someone?
B: You are supposed to bow/ You are not supposed to shake hands .
Task 2 Understand some language points.
1 for the first time
當(dāng)我第一次看到他時(shí),他正在看書(shū).__________________________________________
拓展: 1) 第二次 _____________
學(xué)過(guò)含time的短語(yǔ)__________________________________________________
2 shake 的用法:
1) 過(guò)去式shook 過(guò)去分詞shaken 現(xiàn)在分詞_______________
2) 握手_____________ "和某人握手" 可表示為shake hands with sb / shake one's hands shake sb by the hands
他和我握手了. ________________________________________
3 bow 的用法
向某人鞠躬/低頭 可表示為: bow to sb
不要向失敗(failture)低頭_________________________________________
Task 3 : Listening and Practising :
1 Read and understand the phrases in 2a
2 Listen to the tape and check the mistakes Maria made .
3 Liten again .Fill in blanks.
M: I was supposed to ________________,but I arrived at 8;00.
D: In my country, it's different .When you're invited for 7:00,
you're supposed to _____________
M: And you were supposed to ____________instead.
D: I guess you should have asked what you wre supposed to _____________.
4 Role play the conversation between Maria and Dan.
二、合作共建
be supposed to +不定式 意思是"被期望,被要求,應(yīng)該"否定形式為以小組為單位討論如何翻譯下列句子,進(jìn)一步掌握be suppsoed to do 的用法
1)他應(yīng)該把窗戶檫干凈還是把地掃地. _______________________________________
2)你本該在一小時(shí)之前就到這. _____________________________________________
3)你不該在這里打籃球.____________________________________________________
4)那兒應(yīng)該不會(huì)太熱吧.____________________________________________________
三 系統(tǒng)總結(jié)
如何談?wù)搼?yīng)該或不應(yīng)該做某事 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
四、診斷評(píng)價(jià)
(一)詞匯考察
1 You are supposed ________________(shake) here.
2 You must know some __________() before you go to some foreign countries.
3 The drink should _____________(shake) before you drink it. '
4 It's not polite ____________(kiss) the others in public in China.
6 I was s_________ to arrive at 8:00, but I arrived at 9:00
7 The teacher gave me some a________on how to learn English.
(二)單項(xiàng)選擇
1 Jim stood up and shook hands ____________ both of them.
A by B with C for D to
2 Chinese never bowed ____________the enemies
A in B to C on D with
【課后反思】
Unit 12 Section A 3a--4
【Learning objectives】
1.Knowing: Cail; relaxed; toward; Colombia; Lausanne; Switerland
2.Habit--forming: What kind of rules do they have in-----?
Well ,they have pretty relaxed rules.
3 Understanding : The passage of 3a
4.Practising: drop by; after all ; be relaxed about ; -----
5.Communicating : retell 3a
【Important points】
Understanding : The passage of 3a
Practising: drop by; after all ; be relaxed about ; -----
Communicating : retell 3a
【Learning process】
一、自主學(xué)習(xí)
Task 1 : Read and learn 3a
1 Read 3a by youselves and try to understand the meaning.
2 Listen and read again , write out the following phrases.
spend--- with _________a bit late ___________drop by ______________
walk around___________many of our friends__________________________
on time ______________ get angry ____________ make plans _______________
plan to do _____________something interesting ________________________
3 Understand the following sentences and translate them in chinese.
①Spending time with family and friends is very important to us
②Often we just walk around the town center ,seeing as many of our friends as we can ③It's very important to be on time.
④We never visit a friend's house without calling first.
⑤We usually plan to do something interesting ,or go somewhere together.
4 Try to retell 3a according to the chinese.
Task 2 Learn 3b.
Role play a conversation between Teresa and Marc. Talk about the different attiudes in Colombia and Switzerland.
A: What kinds of rules do they have in -----?
B: Well, they have pretty relaxed rules.
A: Like what?
B: Well, It's Ok if you're not on time.
Task 3 : Learn 4
write out the phrases
1.問(wèn)候老師 2.做家庭作業(yè) 3.給某人打電話
4.參觀某人的家 5.和朋友做計(jì)劃 6.準(zhǔn)時(shí)
7.給禮物
二、合作共建
According to 4 to write a conversation. Then practice in pairs.
三、診斷評(píng)價(jià)
(一)寫(xiě)出下列短語(yǔ)
1.應(yīng)該……被期望…… 2.訪問(wèn),拜訪 3.畢竟
4.對(duì)……放松 5.盡可能多 6.按時(shí)
(二)劃出與句子中部分意思相同的或相近的選項(xiàng)
1.When you are invited for 8:00,you are supposed to come later.
A should B must C have to D need
2.I greeted him when we met.
A shook hands B Bowed C said hello to D said good-bye to
3.Tthere are many places ob interest in our land.
A city B town C hometown D country
4.Ithought they would not win the match ,but they beat us after all.
A at last B instead C instead of D at the end
(三)單項(xiàng)選擇
1.If you arrive late,Please call me.
A little B few C a bit of D a bit
2.The visitors America will visit our city.
A for B come C from D go
3. Don't _____ school too late tomorrow morning.
A arrive B reach C get D go
(四)漢語(yǔ)翻譯
1.她經(jīng)在回家的路上順便訪問(wèn)一下他的朋友。
_______________________________________________________________
2.你應(yīng)該制定計(jì)劃來(lái)復(fù)習(xí)。
_______________________________________________________________
3.她唱著一首英語(yǔ)歌走出了教室。
________________________________________________________________
四、課后反思
Unit12 Section B1a---2c
[Lerning objectives]
1.Knowing:pick,pick up,wipe, rude, point,Peru, napkin, make a noise.
2.Understanding:The meaning of the listening contents.
3.Practicing:be not supposed to, at the table, start doing, take a drink, be excited about,
leave for, give sb a little lesson on, poit at, walk down the street, stick---into---.
[Important leaning points]
1.Understanding:The meaning of the listening contents.
2.Practicing:be not supposed to, at the table, start doing, take a drink, be excited about,
leave for, give sb a little lesson on, poit at, walk down the street, stick---into---.
[Learning process]
一、自主學(xué)習(xí)(教師寄語(yǔ):從自主中培養(yǎng)能力,在學(xué)習(xí)中獲得樂(lè)趣)
在餐飲氛圍方面,中國(guó)人在吃飯的時(shí)候都喜歡熱鬧,很多人圍在一起吃吃喝喝,說(shuō)說(shuō)笑笑,大家在一起營(yíng)造一種熱鬧溫馨的用餐氛圍。而西方人在用餐時(shí),都喜歡幽雅、安靜的環(huán)境,他們認(rèn)為在餐桌上的時(shí)候一定要注意自己的禮儀,不可以失去禮節(jié),比如在進(jìn)餐時(shí)不能發(fā)出很難聽(tīng)的聲音。 在中國(guó)也講禮儀,從古至今大多都以左為尊,在西方則是以右為尊,男女間隔而座,夫婦也分開(kāi)而座,女賓客的席位比男賓客的席位稍高,男士要替位于自己右邊的女賓客拉開(kāi)椅子,以示對(duì)女士的尊重。另外,西方人用餐時(shí)要坐正,認(rèn)為彎腰,低頭,用嘴湊上去吃很不禮貌,但是這恰恰是中國(guó)人通常吃飯的方式。
Task 1:Learn parts 1&2c
1.Circle "T" or "F" after each sentence.
①I(mǎi)n the United States, you're not supposed to eat with your hands.( )
②I n Peru, you are not supposed to talk at the table.( )
③In China, you're not supposed to pick up your bowl to eat.( )
④In Korea, the youngest person is supposed to start eating first.( )
⑤In Brazil, you should wipe your mouth with your napkin every time you take a drink.( )
2.Pairwork to talk about the table manners in your country.
A: We're supposed to ________. B: Yes, and it's rude to______________.
Task 2: Learn 2a---2b
1.Listen to the tape and number the pictures in the order Satshi talks about.
2.Listen to the conversations again and match these sentence parts
3.Role play the listening conversation.
二、合作共建(教師寄語(yǔ):學(xué)會(huì)合作,樂(lè)于合作,提高自我)
根據(jù)下列句子,小組討論劃線部分的含義。
1.You must be really excited about leaving for Japan tomorrow._________________.
2.I don't know how to use chopsticks very well._________________________.
3.I could give you a little lesson on Japanese table manners._____________________
4.It's polite to make noise when you are eating.______________________________
5.It's rude to stick your chopsticks into your food._______________________.
6.In the United States you're not supposed to do that._______________________
三、系統(tǒng)總結(jié)(教師寄語(yǔ):只有不斷總結(jié)與歸納,才會(huì)更系統(tǒng)更全面)
試用自己的話總結(jié)日本餐桌上的禮儀:
①________________________________________________________________.②________________________________________________________________.③________________________________________________________________.④________________________________________________________________.
四、診斷評(píng)價(jià)(教師寄語(yǔ):相信自己,永不放棄)
一、運(yùn)用本課知識(shí)點(diǎn)翻譯下列句子
1、當(dāng)你第一次見(jiàn)某人時(shí),你應(yīng)當(dāng)握手。
You_____ _____ ____shake hands when you meet someone for the first time.
2、在美國(guó),不能直接用手吃飯。
In the United States,__________________________________.
3、在巴西,每次吃東西后要用餐巾檫嘴。
In Brazil,you should__________________________________.
4、你不能用筷子指著別人。_____________________________________.
5、在強(qiáng)光(in strong light)下看書(shū)對(duì)你的眼睛有害。________________________.
6、It's rude to eat or drink while walking down the street._______________________.
7、Only parents are allowed to alk at the dinner table.__________________________.
二、用所給詞的正確形式填空。
1.It's_____(usual) to keep quiet at the dinner table in China.
2.No one likes people with bad_____(manner).
3.This_____(excite)movie makes me very________.(excite)
4.You aren't______(suppose) to talk when you are eating dinner.
五、課后反思
Unit 12 Section B 3a-4
【Learning objectives】
1.Knowing:manner; fork; full; lap; elbow; gradually; particular; compliment; toast
2.Understanding: The passage of 3a
3.Practising: go out of one's way to do sth ; make sb feel at home ; be/get used to
4.Communicating : try to retell the passage
【Important points】
1.Understanding: The passage of 3a
2.Practising: go out of one's way to do sth ; make sb feel at home ; be/get used to
3.Communicating : try to retell the passage
【Learning process】
一、自主學(xué)習(xí)
Task 1 Read and understand 3a
1 Read about the article quickly and answer the following questions alone: .
2 Talk about the answers in groups and ask and answer in pairs
3 Can you find more questions ? Then ask your oppsitive group.
4 Listen to the tape and then read after the tape ,understand the article further.
3 Talk about the meaning of the passage in groups and solve the difficulties
4 try to translate the following sentences and pay attention to the words underlined
①I(mǎi) was a bit nervous before I arrived here , but there was no reason to be
②They go out of their way to make me feel at home.
③It doesn't bother me like it used to.
④My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
⑤Another thing is that it is very rude to say you are full.
⑥ I find it difficult to remember everything , but I'm gradually getting used to things and don't find them so strange any more.
5 Try to retell the article according to the key words. Task 2 Understand some language points.
1 go out of one's way to do sth ____________________
Tom特意地告訴我, 讓我不要再擔(dān)心這件事了.
________________________________________________________________
媽媽特意為我做了一頓特殊的飯?jiān)谖疑漳翘?
_______________________________________________________________
2 make sb feel at home ________________________
老師使我們感到像在家一樣, 我們感到很高興.
________________________________________________________________
3 be /get used to ___________________
我開(kāi)始習(xí)慣寒冷的天氣_______________________________________________
他習(xí)慣于開(kāi)一輛小車(chē)___________________________________________
4 behave v __________ behavior n 行為;舉止
孩子昨天晚上表現(xiàn)挺好. ____________________________________________
He behaves himself like a man _______________________________________
Task 3 writing
假如你是上一課聽(tīng)力中的Steve, 給你的朋友寫(xiě)一封信,告訴他日本的餐桌禮儀._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
二、合作共建
Groupwork : Talk about what are people supposed to do in these different situations.
choose one or two to make your own conversations.
eating meals with other people making appointments
giving compliments offering tea.
introducing other people speaking to old people making a toast at dinner
三、診斷評(píng)價(jià)
寫(xiě)作
給你的筆友寫(xiě)一封信, 告訴他中國(guó)的餐桌禮儀
信息提示: 中國(guó)人喜歡聚在一起吃飯(get together to have dinner), 因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g熱鬧的氣氛 (lively envoriment)
中國(guó)人習(xí)慣于用筷子吃飯(get used to---), 但你不能用筷子指著
(point at)別人
讓客人(guests)先吃飯是很有禮貌的(It's polite to let-------)
你不能把筷子插到(stick---into )食物里,是不禮貌的
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【課后反思】
Unit 12 Self-check
[Learning objective]
1 Knowing: Be able to master the words in this unit.
2 Understanding: Be able to understand the sentences
3 Habit-forming: shake hands drop by after all pick up make a noise go out of one's way to do sth. make sb. feel at home table manners be/get used to
[Important points]
1) Be able to understand the sentences
2) shake hands drop by after all pick up make a noise go out of one's way to do sth. make sb. feel at home table manners be/get used to
[Learning process]
一、自主學(xué)習(xí)
Task Learn
1 寫(xiě)出下列單詞的含義并回憶相關(guān)知識(shí)
到達(dá)_______ 遇見(jiàn)______ 花費(fèi),度過(guò)_______ 舉止,行為_(kāi)_____ 想象_______
2 翻譯下列的句子
1)在餐桌上,日本人和美國(guó)人舉止不一樣。_____________________________
2)你可以想象一下這兒的餐桌禮儀和我們的多么不同。_____________________
3)在新加坡,火車(chē)總是按時(shí)到達(dá),從不晚點(diǎn)。______________________________
4)在中國(guó)新年,人們喜歡和家人一起度過(guò)。___________________________________
5)我通常在星期五的晚上在圖書(shū)館遇到我的朋友。____________________________
3 Read about Fan Ling's experience in a western restanrant. Think about how you would solve her problem and finish Fan Ling's story
二、合作共建
寫(xiě)出下列單詞,短語(yǔ)和句子。
搖動(dòng),震動(dòng)_______ 風(fēng)俗_______ 鞠躬_______ 吻_____ 放松的______ 瑞士_____ 國(guó)家______ 對(duì)于_______ 問(wèn)候______ 拾取_______ 擦_______ 餐巾______ 刺______ 粗魯?shù)腳_______指向_______ 禮貌______ 餐叉________ 吃飽的_______ 逐漸的___
特殊的________ 稱贊________ 不熟悉的________ 調(diào)羹______ 餐刀 ______
擠滿______ 垃圾______ 尋找______聊天熱線________ 在線的_______ 多半_____ 構(gòu)成_______ 短語(yǔ)_____ 記號(hào)_____ 在...旁邊_____ 電子郵件______ 謎語(yǔ)_____ 試驗(yàn) 合適的_________高興的________ 正常的 ________誰(shuí)的_________
握手________ 順便拜訪_________ 畢竟__________ 拾起_________
發(fā)出另人不愉快的聲音 _______________ 特地做某事_______________
使某人感到賓至如歸______________ 餐桌禮儀___________ 習(xí)慣于________
自學(xué)______________ 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事_____________
當(dāng)你遇到某人時(shí)你應(yīng)該做什么?____________________________________
你們不應(yīng)該握手。_______________________________________________
在朝鮮人們第一次見(jiàn)面時(shí)他們應(yīng)該做什么? 他們應(yīng)該鞠躬。____________________
畢竟我們是手表的故鄉(xiāng)。______________________________
如果有人邀請(qǐng)你4點(diǎn)鐘見(jiàn)面,那你必須4鐘到達(dá)。____________________________
他們不怕麻煩使我感到賓至如歸。________________________________________
我逐漸地習(xí)慣了這些事情。____________________________________________
我習(xí)慣于用筷子吃飯。_________________________________________________
用筷子指別人是無(wú)禮的。______________________________________________
三、診斷評(píng)價(jià)
用所給詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空 pick up , cut up, be supposed to, after all, hang out, drop by,
table manners, be used to, shake hands, dress up
1You ______ ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom.
2 You should________ when you meet someone for the first time.
3____________ whenever you're in the area.
4 He wrote to say they couldn't give me a job___________ .
5 She kept___________ magazines and putting them down again.
6 I don't know about ___________ in your country.
7 The boy__________ getting up early.
8 Don't __________ the apples.
9 My friends often _________ in the mall.
10 The children in China_________ in the Spring Festival.
完成句子
1 Maria 在晚宴中做錯(cuò)了一些事情_(kāi)_______________________________________
2 他本應(yīng)該7點(diǎn)到達(dá)。_______________________________________________
3 準(zhǔn)時(shí)是非常重要的。_______________________________________________
4 如果不事先打電話,我們是絕不會(huì)去朋友家里拜訪的。_________________________
5 它甚至比我想象的更好。______________________________________________
6 我逐漸習(xí)慣了這些事情。__________________________________________________
7 我們經(jīng)常計(jì)劃去做些有趣的事情。________________________________________
8 他懂一些法語(yǔ)。_______________________________________________________
9 我們對(duì)時(shí)間非常放松。_________________________________________________
課后反思
Unit 12 單元測(cè)試題
一、請(qǐng)你用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子
1.You are ______ (suppose) to shake hands when you meet a Chinese friend.
2. Keep your eyes ______(close) when you are doing eye exercises.
3. A knife is _____ (use) for _______(cut) things.
4. Trees can keep water from _______ (run) away.
5. Do you still remember______(see) me somewhere in Beijing ?
6. Everything was ______( familiar ) with me because I was in Japan for the first time?
7.Though you failed this time, don't give up______(study) .You still have a lot of chances.
8. ________ ( spend ) time with family and friends is very important.
9. Remember ________(turn off) the light when you leave the room.
10. People are pretty _______( relax ) about time in Colombia.
二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示,完成下列句子。(橫線處不限詞數(shù))
1.初次見(jiàn)日本朋友時(shí)你應(yīng)該說(shuō)什么?
What ____________________when you meet your Japanese friend?
2.我認(rèn)識(shí)馬林,但不了解他。
I ____________Ma Lin but I do not ______________.
3.我怎樣才能用正確的方法與美國(guó)朋友打招呼?
How can I _______ my American friend ________________?
4.老師常常告訴我們要盡量幫助有困難的學(xué)生。
The teacher often tells us to help the students ______________.
5.吃飯時(shí)不要用筷子指著別人。
Don't _______________ others with chopsticks while eating.
6.他沒(méi)有理由去做那件事。
He has _______________________________________________.
7.很快他便成了學(xué)校里的尖子生。
Soon he became ___________________ at school.
8.自從他光顧網(wǎng)吧以來(lái),變的很糟糕。
He ______________ since he visited net bar.
9.下個(gè)月將有幾個(gè)外國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)我校上課。
A few foreign students __________________at our school.
10.我的工作是教好學(xué)生。
My job is ___________________________________.
三、選擇正確答案 答案__________________
( ) 1. ------ Will you come to the dinner party?
------ I won't come until Jenny __________.
A. will be invited B. can be invited C. invited D. is invited
( ) 2. John _______ Beijing the day before yesterday.
A. arrived at B. arrived C. reached to D. arrived in
( ) 3.In Switzerland, people ________ visit a friend's house.
A. make plans B. make plans to C. makes plans to D. make a plant
( ) 4.It's too hot. Do you mind ______ the window?
A. my closing B. my opening C. open D. close
( ) 5.She ______Shanghai next week.
A, is leaving for B. leaves for C. leaved D. left
( ) 6.What are you nervous _____, Mary?
A. in B. at C. on D. about
( ) 7.We go to school every day _____ Saturday and Sunday.
A. beside B. besides C. except D. except for
( ) 8.Yang Liwei is proud ____ his motherland.
A. in B. of C. from D. for
( ) 9.After receiving education, he changed a bad boy ____ an honor student.
A. to B. in C. for D. from
( ) 10.He _____ in his English Test Paper. His teacher was very angry with him.
A. makes some mistakes B. make a mistake
C.made few mistakes D. made many mistakes
四、在空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑捳Z(yǔ),使對(duì)話意思完整
A: Hello,Lin Feng.1._________________________?
B:Hello,Le Lei. I'm going to watch the football match between our Chinese team and the Korean team.
A: Oh, that's such an important match. I don't want to miss it.2.___________?
B: Of course. Let's go.
A: It seems that you like football very much. Do you like PE?
B: 3.________________________________________.
A: Why not?
B: Because the teacher just lets us play games ourselves. What about you?
A: I like it very much.4.___________________________________.
B: You are lucky.
A: 5._________________________________________________?
B: Yes, having sports can make us healthy.
A: That's right. I agree with you.
五、閱讀短文,試試你的判斷力,選出正確答案.
Dinner customs (習(xí)慣) are different around the world. If you are a guest in Ghana( 加納), this information will help you a lot.
In Ghana, dinner is usually from four in the afternoon to six in the evening. But there are no strict rules (規(guī)則) about time. Whenever a guest arrives, a family offers food. When you go to a home, the person who receives guests takes you to the living room first. At this time everyone welcomes you. Then you go to the dinning room. There you wash your hands in a bowl of water. All the food is on the table.
In Ghana you usually eat with your fingers. You eat from the same dish as everyone else .But you eat from one side of the dish only. It is not polite to get food from the other side of the dish. After dinner, you wash your hands again in a bowl of water.
Most meals in Ghana have a dish called fufu. People in Ghana make fufu from the powder(粉末) of some plants. Sometimes they cut the fufu with a saw(鋸子) because it is very hard. You must chew(咀嚼) fufu well, or you may get sick. You eat fufu with the fingers of your right hand only.
( ) 1.From the passage we know that in Ghana ______________.
A.the rules for dinner time are not strict
B. B. dinner is always at six in the evening
C. a family offers food only at four in the afternoon
D. people usually invite their guests to dinner late in the evening
( ) 2.If you are a dinner guest in Ghana, the host (主人) always takes you to _______.
A. the dining room first B. the living room first
C. the kitchen first D. the garden first
( ) 3.People in Ghana usually eat ________.
A. from one side of a dish to the other B. from the other side of the dish
C. with their fingers D. with their spoons
( ) 4.In fact, most dishes in Ghana _______.
A. are cooked with the powder of some plants B. have fufu in them
C. are too hard to eat D. are not very hard
( ) 5.When you eat fufu, you'd better _________.
A. cut it with a saw B. use your right hand only
C. chew it well D. all of the above
六、書(shū)面表達(dá) (10')
假如你以前是一個(gè)不求上進(jìn)的學(xué)生,初二時(shí),你班來(lái)了一位隨父親打工進(jìn)城的學(xué)生小雷,他的家境及學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度改變了你的觀點(diǎn)……
要求:1.語(yǔ)言流暢,語(yǔ)法規(guī)范;
2.要舉出1個(gè)例子說(shuō)明小蕾的貧窮和學(xué)習(xí)精神,如買(mǎi)不起5元錢(qián)一本的練習(xí)冊(cè)(exercise book)…
3.展開(kāi)聯(lián)想,適當(dāng)發(fā)揮. 4.詞數(shù)為80-100.
本文來(lái)自:逍遙右腦記憶 http://yy-art.cn/chusan/68646.html
相關(guān)閱讀:2012屆中考英語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)數(shù)詞備考復(fù)習(xí)