Unit 5 eeting your ancestors

單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）

詞匯

部分

詞語

辨析

1. used to / would 2. interrupt / disturb / bother

3. assume / suppose / presume

詞形

變化

1. alternative n.[c]替換物

adj.選擇性的，二中擇一的

alternatively adv. 作為選擇，二者擇一

2. accuracy n.[u]精確性，正確度

accurate adj. 正確的，精確的inaccurate adj.不準(zhǔn)確的

accurately adv. 正確地，精確地inaccurately adv. 不準(zhǔn)確地

3. assume vt.假定；設(shè)想；

采用；承擔(dān)

assumption n. 假定，設(shè)想，假裝，

assumed adj. 假定的，假裝的，裝的

4. analysis n.[c]分析，分解

analyse(analyze) vt.分析，分解

analytical adj.分析的，解析的

5. significance n. 意義，含義；重要性，重大

significant adj. 相當(dāng)數(shù)量的；意義重大的

significantly adv. 意義深遠(yuǎn)地，重大地

6. division n.分(開，配，擔(dān)；歧，裂)；除(法)；部門

divide vt.分(開)；vi.分開

7. skill n.[c,u]技能，技巧，熟練，巧妙

skillful adj. 靈巧的，熟練的，制作精巧的

skillfully adv. 巧妙地，技術(shù)好地

重點(diǎn)

單詞

1. interrupt vt.&vi. 阻斷，中斷；打岔；插嘴

2. applaud vt. 鼓掌，稱贊，贊成

3. accelerate vt. 加速，促進(jìn)

4. arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留，吸引(注意) n.[c]逮捕

重點(diǎn)

詞組

1. regardless of 不管；不顧

2. fed up with 受夠了，厭煩

3. look ahead 向前看；為將謀劃

4. date back to... 追溯到……，從……時(shí)候就有了

重點(diǎn)句型

1. We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.

2. Our evidence suggests they did indeed wear clothes made form animal skins.

重點(diǎn)語法

復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（見語法部分）

語言要點(diǎn)（模塊）

Ⅰ.詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需)

1. used to / would

【解釋】

would與used to都可用表示過去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。

would只能表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如果表示過去經(jīng)常性的狀態(tài)，就不能用would，只能用

used to。

used to表示過去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束。would則表示有可能再

發(fā)生。

【練習(xí)】用used to或would填空。

1). When we were boys we ________ go swimming every summer.

2). He ________ be very poor.

3). People ________ believe that the earth was flat.

4). He ________ go to the park as soon as he was free.

eys: 1). used to / would 2). used to 3). used to 4). would (現(xiàn)在有可能再去)

2. interrupt / disturb / bother

【解釋】

interrupt意為“打斷，中斷”，尤指中斷某活動(dòng)的連續(xù)性。

disturb意為“因焦慮、失望、困惑等情感因素而使人心緒收到明顯干擾”。

bother意為“擾亂某人心緒而使人不能專心或?qū)Ｒ弧薄?p>

【練習(xí)】選擇interrupt，disturb，bother的正確形式填空。

1). She was _______ to hear of your illness.

2). I’ m sorry to _______ the meeting, but there is an urgent long-distance call for r. Zhou.

3). Don’ t _______ yourself too much about me.

4). We _________ in the middle of our conversation.

eys: 1). disturbed 2). interrupt 3). bother 4). were interrupted

3. assume / suppose / presume

【解釋】

assume“假定，設(shè)想”，用于邏輯推理，強(qiáng)調(diào)一種缺乏證據(jù)的結(jié)論，以檢驗(yàn)?zāi)撤N建議。

suppose意為“根據(jù)一定證據(jù)作出的見解”，最不正式。

presume意為“某人以過去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)作為依據(jù)，對(duì)某事作出合乎邏輯的推測(cè)”。

【練習(xí)】選擇assume，suppose，presume的正確形式填空。

1). I _______ that he has gone for a walk.

2). We _______ the situation will improve.

3). From the available data it may be _______ that the writer was very famous in the 4th century.

eys: 1). assume 2). suppose 3). presumed

Ⅱ.詞性變化（旨在提供語法填空所需）

1. alternative n.[c]替換物

adj.選擇性的，二中擇一的

alternatively adv. 作為選擇，二者擇一

2. accuracy n.[u]精確性，正確度

accurate adj. 正確的，精確的inaccurate adj.不準(zhǔn)確的

accurately adv.正確地，精確地inaccurately adv. 不準(zhǔn)確地

3. assume vt.假定；設(shè)想；

采用；承擔(dān)

assumption n. 假定，設(shè)想，假裝，

assumed adj. 假定的，假裝的，裝的

4. analysis n.[c]分析，分解

analyse(analyze) vt.分析，分解

analytical adj.分析的，解析的

5. significance n. 意義，含義；重要性，重大

significant adj. 相當(dāng)數(shù)量的；意義重大的

significantly adv. 意義深遠(yuǎn)地，重大地

6. division n.分(開，配，擔(dān)；歧，裂)；除(法)；部門

divide vt.分(開)；vi.分開

7. skill n.[c,u]技能，技巧，熟練，巧妙

skillful adj. 靈巧的，熟練的，制作精巧的

skillfully adv. 巧妙地，技術(shù)好地

【練習(xí)】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式或介詞填空。

1). The way was blocked, so we went by an ________ (alternatively) road.

2). The design is slightly ________ (accurate), so we must make some changes.

3). The boss is worried about the ________ (accurate) of the statistics.

4). It’ s impossible to predict the weather _________ (accurate).

5). A lot of people make the ________ (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World.

6). The ________ (analyse) of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police the address.

7). Students need to possess certain basic ________ (skillful) by the time they finish schoo1.

8). He was valued for his skill ________ (介詞) raising money for the company.

9). The discovery of the new drug is of great _________ (significant) to people suffering from heart problems.

10). Sometimes there is no simple _________ (divide) between good and evil.

eys: 1). alternative 2). inaccurate 3). accuracy 4). accurately 5). assumption

6). analysis 7). skills 8). in 9). significance 10). division

Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)詞匯（旨在提供詞匯綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1. interrupt vt.&vi. 阻斷，中斷；打岔；插嘴 interruption n. 中斷，打斷

[典例]

1). Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市內(nèi)交通被暴風(fēng)雪所阻斷。

2). It is rude to interrupt. 打斷別人的話，是不禮貌的。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

interrupt (sb/sth) (with sth) 打斷（某人）；打岔；打擾

[練習(xí)] 用interrupt的正確形式填空。

1). Electricity _________ (interrupt) in the course of work.

2). Let’ s go somewhere where we can talk without _________ (interrupt).

eys: 1). was interrupted 2). interruption

2. applaud vt. 鼓掌，稱贊，贊成 applause n. 鼓掌歡迎，歡呼

[典例]

1). Everyone applauded when the play ended. 演出結(jié)束時(shí)，大家都熱烈鼓掌。

2). I applaud your decision. 我贊成你的決定。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

applaud sb. for sth 因某事而贊揚(yáng)某人 applaud the decision贊成某個(gè)決定

[練習(xí)] 根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。

1). She should be applauded ________ her honesty.

2). A crowd of 300 supporters warmly ________ her speech.

3). The candidate’ s promise to improve public schools was greeted with a loud round of ________.

4). I ________ the decision to install more security cameras.

eys: 1). for 2). applauded 3). applause 4). applaud

3. accelerate vt.&vi. 加速，促進(jìn) acceleration n. 加速度

[典例]

1). We must take measures to accelerate the rate of economic growth. 我們必須采取措施，加速經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。

2). The car accelerated as it overtook me. 那輛汽車一加速就超越了我。

[練習(xí)] 用accelerate或其同根詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1). The driver stepped on the gas and ________ the car.

2). The ________ of train service will bring us great convenience.

3). The bad weather _________ our departure.

eys: 1). accelerated 2). acceleration 3). accelerated

4. arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留，吸引(注意) n.[c]逮捕

[典例]

1). The criminal was arrested yesterday. 罪犯昨天被捕了。

2). What she did arrested my attention. 她所做的吸引了我的注意力。

[重點(diǎn)用法]

be arrested for sth. 因某事而被捕 arrest one’ s attention吸引某人的注意 under arrest被捕；被拘留

[練習(xí)] 根據(jù)句子的意思填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或用arrest 的正確形式填空。

1). I got arrested ________ careless driving.

2). Her Uncle was ________ arrest, but nobody knew the reason.

3). Five youths ________ in connection with the attack.

4). The public applauded the ________ of the criminal suspect.

eys: 1). for 2). under 3). were arrested 4). arrest

Ⅳ.重點(diǎn)詞組（旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）

1. regardless of 不管；不顧

[典例]

1). I’ ll take the job regardless of the pay. 不管報(bào)酬多少我都要這份工作。

2). He says what he thinks, regardless of other people’ s feelings. 他怎么想就怎么說，不考慮別人的情緒。

[練習(xí)] 翻譯下面的句子。

1). 他不顧危險(xiǎn)，跳進(jìn)河里救那個(gè)溺水的小孩。

___________________________________________________________________________________

2). 不管天氣怎樣，我都會(huì)去。

___________________________________________________________________________________

eys: 1). He jumped into the river to save the little drowning boy the danger.

2). I will go regardless of the weather.

2. fed up with 受夠了，厭煩

[典例]

1). I’ m fed up with waiting for her to telephone. 我等她的電話都等得不耐煩了。

2). What’ s the matter? You look pretty fed up. 怎麼啦？你顯得那麼不高興。

[短語歸納] feed短語：

feed sb/sth on sth給（人或動(dòng)物）食物；喂；飼養(yǎng) feed on（動(dòng)物）以……為主食

feed sth to sb/sth 給（人或動(dòng)物）某物作為食物

[練習(xí)] 根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。

1). Several children were feeding bread ________ the ducks.

2). What do you feed your dog ________?

3). Cows feed ________ grass.

4). I’ m fed up ________ the same breakfast every morning.

eys: 1). to 2). on 3). on 4). with

3. look ahead 向前看；為將謀劃

[典例]

Have you looked ahead to what you’ ll be doing in five years’ time? 你是否想過五年後你要做些什麼?

[短語歸納] look短語：

look back 向后看； 回顧 look out 留神；注意 look into 調(diào)查

look up 查找；形勢(shì)好轉(zhuǎn)；看望 look up to sb. 尊敬 某人 look through 仔細(xì)查閱

look forward to sth./doing sth. 盼望 look on 旁觀；看作 look over 快速瀏覽，復(fù)習(xí)

look down (on/upon sth.) 向下看； 輕視

[練習(xí)] 用look短語翻譯下面的句子。

1). You should ____________________________________.(翻閱字典查查這個(gè)生詞).

2). I am looking forward to ________________________ as soon as possible. (收到你的回信)

3). _______________ (當(dāng)心) or you will catch cold.

4). I have to _______________________ (把筆記復(fù)習(xí)一遍) for the exam.

eys: 1). look up the word in a dictionary 2). hearing from you 3). look out 4). look over my notes

4. date back to... = date from... 追溯到……，從……時(shí)候開始就有了

[典例]

The church dates back to the 13th century. 這座教堂從十三世紀(jì)開始就有了。

[短語歸納]

[練習(xí)] 根據(jù)句子的要求在括號(hào)里填入短語或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式。

1). The custom ________ ________ hundreds of years.

2). Our friendship________ ________ ________ the late 70s.

3). This is a law ________ (date) from the 17th century.

eys: 1). dates back 2). dates back to 3). dating

Ⅴ.重點(diǎn)句子（旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）

1. We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter. 我們一直在挖掘一層層的積灰，幾乎有六米厚，這說明他們可能整個(gè)冬季都在燒火。

[解釋]“have been excavating”是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示從過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將。

如：We have been working on this project for over a month no 到目前為止，我們一直在處理那個(gè)項(xiàng)目，已

經(jīng)花了一個(gè)多月時(shí)間了。

注意：區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別。一般說現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示已經(jīng)完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示還沒完成還要延續(xù)下去或者剛剛完成。試比較：

They have built a house. (完成) / They have been building a house. (尚未完成)

[練習(xí)] 在括號(hào)里填入所給詞的適當(dāng)形式。

1). We ________ ________ (work) for two hours by the time she came.

2). Last year he ________ (write) a novel. I don’ t knohether he ________ (finish) no

3). Since 1977, CCTV ________ (broadcast) English programmes.

eys: 1). had been working 2). was writing; has finished 3). has been broadcasting

2. Our evidence suggests they did indeed wear clothes made form animal skins. 我們的證據(jù)表明他們確實(shí)穿了用動(dòng)物皮做成的衣服。

[解釋] suggest最常用有兩個(gè)意思：

(1)：提議；提出；建議，后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞的ing形式，后接賓語從句時(shí)，從句用虛擬語氣(“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should常省略)。如：

1). It’ s noisy here. I suggest changing another hotel. 這里太吵了，我建議換個(gè)賓館。

2). I suggest (that) you (should) ask r. Wu. 我建議你問問吳先生。

3). I suggest that the boy be sent to the hospital at once. 我建議立即把小孩送醫(yī)院。

后接賓語從句要用虛擬語氣的詞可記為：

一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist / 二個(gè)命令：command, order / 四個(gè)建議：advise, suggest, recommend, propose /

四個(gè)要求：ask, demand, request, require

(2)：表明，顯示，暗示；顯出，后接賓語從句(不用虛擬語氣)。如：

His expression suggests that he has got the job.他臉上的表情表明他已經(jīng)得到了那份工作。

[練習(xí)] 在括號(hào)里填入所給詞的適當(dāng)形式。

1). I wrote suggesting that he ________ (come) for the weekend.

2). He demands that he ________ (tell) everything.

eys: 1). come 2). be told

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