高考臨近,小編為大家準(zhǔn)備了些高考詞匯的辨別,希望大家能從中獲益!
1. 基本區(qū)別
三者均可表示“除了”,但 besides 表示一種累加關(guān)系,意指“除了什么之外,還有…”;而 except 或 but 則表示一種排除關(guān)系,意指“除了什么之外,不再有…”:
Besides his wife, his daughter also went to see him. 除他妻子外,他女兒也去看過他。
You can park anywhere except [but] here. 只有這里不能停車。
但是,在否定句中,besides 也表示“除…外不再有… ”,與but, except 同義:
No one passed the exam besides [except] Jim. 除吉姆外,沒一個人通過考試。
(from www.nmet168.com)
2. 關(guān)于 but 與 except
兩者都可表示“除…外不再有…”,但含義上略有差別:but側(cè)重指意義的幾乎完整性,而 except 則側(cè)重指后面除去的部分:
All are here but one. 除一個人外大家都到了。
All are here except one. 還有一個人沒到。
另外,在現(xiàn)代英語中,but 的介詞用法十分有限,一般說來,它只能用在下列詞語之后:
① no, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere 等
② any, anyone, anybody, anything, anywhere 等
③ every, everyone, everybody, everything, everywhere 等
④ all, none 等
⑤ who, what, where 等
Everyone knows it but you. 除你之外大家都知道。
I haven’t told anybody but you. 除你之外,我沒告訴任何人。
No one but he [him] showed much interest in it. 除他之外沒有一個人對此有很大興趣。
但是 except 卻沒有以上限制:
正:The window is never opened except in summer. 除夏天外,這扇窗戶從不打開。
誤:The window is never opened but in summer.
3. 關(guān)于 except 與 except for
except 主要用來談?wù)撏惖臇|西,而 except for 則主要用來談?wù)摬煌惖臇|西,有時含有惋惜之意:
All compositions are well written except yours. 除了你的作文外,其他的作文都寫得很好。
His composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 他的作文寫得不錯,只是有幾處拼寫錯誤。
若用于句首,則 except for 與 except 同義(但 except 通常不用于句首,另外but也不能用于句首):
Except for me, everyone passed the exam. 除了我之外,大家都通過了考試。
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