【摘要】詞海茫茫，高考7000個(gè)詞匯如何復(fù)習(xí)?抓不住重點(diǎn)? 話說單詞應(yīng)該放在句子中記憶，才能事半功倍，小編精心整理了2013高考英語高頻詞匯：habit practice custom convention，此乃精華中的精華，幫你抓住重點(diǎn)，做到有的放矢。
◆ habit, practice, custom, convention這組名詞一般含義為“習(xí)慣”。
◇ habit指個(gè)人的“習(xí)慣”，通常用于表示做事、思考問題或行為舉止的不自覺的方式方法
That proved to be my undoing, for I soon got back to my old bad habit of dozing off in front of the screen.
這證明是我的失敗，因?yàn)槲也痪镁突氐皆陔娨暺聊磺按蝾膲牧?xí)慣去了。
◇ practice 既可表示個(gè)人的也可表示社會的“習(xí)慣”，這種“習(xí)慣”從性質(zhì)上看是一種反復(fù)不斷的或是有選擇性的行為或者方法
On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat——the normally accepted practice in many northern countries.
在另一方面，一想到用動(dòng)物油煎馬鈴薯，你便會作嘔。然而在許多北歐國家里，這是為大家接受的通常習(xí)慣。
She walked slowly into the hall and at once noticed that all the room doors were open,yet following her general practice she had shut them before going out.
她慢慢地走進(jìn)廳堂，并且立刻發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的房門都是開著的。但是按照她自己的一般習(xí)慣，她在外出前總是把門全部關(guān)好的。
◇ custom 具有 habit 和 practice 的一切含義，此外，custom 還包含這樣一層意思：長期而廣泛采用的行為或方法，即風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，按照某地區(qū)人們共同生活及其行為的準(zhǔn)則或規(guī)范，它不僅有指導(dǎo)意義，而且具有必須遵循的意義
Don't be a slave to custom. 不要做風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的奴隸。
From the moment of his birth the customs into which he is born shape his experience and behaviour.
一個(gè)人從誕生的那一時(shí)刻起，他降生后所處的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣便給他的閱歷和行為定型。
◇ convention 其實(shí)是其他3個(gè)詞的近義詞，它的含義為：固定的或公眾一致承認(rèn)的行事或表達(dá)思想的方法
They disregard social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary.
他們不顧社會習(xí)俗，并未意識到自己在做些與眾不同的事。
◆ hand down;hand in;hand over;hand out ; by hand ;hands up
◇hand down作“把……傳下來”解。例如：
…knowledge， customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race.
……他們的知識，生活習(xí)慣以及人們所懷念的事情，都是由他們的祖先傳下來的。
The story was handed down from one generation to another.這個(gè)故事世代相傳。
◇ hand in為“把……交上來” 、“交給”、“遞交”之意。例如：
Time is up.Hand in your examination papers.時(shí)間到了，請把試卷交上來。
◇ hand over作“轉(zhuǎn)交”或“移送”解。例如：
Please hand over this money to XiaoZhou.請將這筆錢轉(zhuǎn)交小周。
The thief was handed over to the police.小偷已被移送到公安機(jī)關(guān)了。
◇ hand out為“散發(fā)”之意。例如：
When I got to the classroom the teacher had already begun handing out the test papers.
我趕到教室時(shí)，老師已開始分發(fā)試卷了。
◇ hands up表示“舉起手來”;◇ by hand表示“用手”、“手工”，是介詞短語，作方式狀語。
[EXERCISES]
①This toy was made . ②After class， you mustyour homework. ③If you have any questions to ask，please . (Keys：①by hand ②hand in ③hands up)
◆ have sb.do sth.;have sb./sth.doing sth.;have sth.done
◇ have sb.do sth.為“使(讓、請)某人做某事”之意，其中作賓補(bǔ)的不帶to的不定式只表示發(fā)生過某事。例如： The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father. 士兵們讓男孩背對著父親站著。
◇ have sb./sth.doing sth.為“讓某人(某事)一直做某事”之意，其中作賓補(bǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞表示保持或一直存在的狀態(tài)。例如： The two cheats had their lights burning all night long. 兩個(gè)騙子讓燈整夜地亮著。 Although the farm is large，my dad has only two men working for him. 雖然農(nóng)場大，但我爸爸只雇了兩人為他(一直)干活。
◇ have sth.done 有兩層含義和用法： *其一，作“(有意地)讓他人為自己做某事”解，即過去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由別人完成，而賓語是過去分詞所表示動(dòng)作的承受者或動(dòng)作對象。例如： I’ll have a new suit made of this cloth. 我要用這種布料做一套新衣服。 *作“(無意識地)讓某人(或某物)遭受不幸”解。例如： He had his handbag stolen. 他的手提包被人偷了。
◆ hear of/ hear from/ hear◇ hear of表示“聽人說起”、“聽說過”，側(cè)重于間接聽說;◇ hear from表示“收到……的來信”、“收到……的來電”，后面接指人的名詞或代詞;◇ hear表示“聽見”、“聽到”，后面接名詞、代詞或賓語從句。
[EXERCISES]
①I that our team won. ②I my brother twice a month. ③I her death last week. ④Can you some birds singing? (Keys：①heard ②hear from ③heard of ④hear)
◆ holiday(holidays),leave, vacation 這三個(gè)詞都有“假日(期)”的意思，但含義用法并不相同。
◇ holiday(holidays)一般指“休假”
Tom and I are going to have a holiday.我和湯姆準(zhǔn)備去度假。
I've already had my holidays this year. 我今年已經(jīng)度過假了。
During a holiday in Sweden, I found this note on my car.
在瑞典度假期間，我在我的車子上發(fā)現(xiàn)了這張字條。
Postcards always spoil my holidays. 明信片總是弄得我過不好假日。
My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send any cards to my friends.
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